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High efficiency and ultra broadband optical parametric four-wave mixing in chalcogenide-PMMA hybrid microwiresRaja Ahmad and Martin Rochette »View Author Affiliations
Raja Ahmad*
and Martin Rochette
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal (QC) H3A 2A7, Canada, *Corresponding author: raja.ahmad@mail.mcgill.ca |
Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 9, pp. 9572-9580 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.009572
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Abstract
We present polymer (PMMA) cladded chalcogenide (As2Se3) hybrid microwires that realize optical parametric four-wave mixing (FWM) with wavelength conversion bandwidth as broad as 190 nm and efficiency as high as 21 dB at peak input power levels as low as 70 mW. This represents 3-30 × increase in bandwidth and 30-50 dB improvement in conversion efficiency over previous demonstrations in tapered and microstructured chalcogenide fibers with the results agreeing well with the simulations. These properties, combined with small foot-print (10 cm length), low loss (<4 dB), ease of fabrication, and the transparency of As2Se3 from near-to-mid-infrared regions make this device a promising building block for lasers, optical instrumentation and optical communication devices.
© 2012 OSA
OCIS Codes
(060.2320) Fiber optics and optical communications : Fiber optics amplifiers and oscillators
(190.4370) Nonlinear optics : Nonlinear optics, fibers
(190.4380) Nonlinear optics : Nonlinear optics, four-wave mixing
(190.4400) Nonlinear optics : Nonlinear optics, materials
(190.4410) Nonlinear optics : Nonlinear optics, parametric processes
ToC Category:
Nonlinear Optics
History
Original Manuscript: March 7, 2012
Revised Manuscript: April 3, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: April 4, 2012
Published: April 11, 2012
Citation
Raja Ahmad and Martin Rochette, "High efficiency and ultra broadband optical parametric four-wave mixing in chalcogenide-PMMA hybrid microwires," Opt. Express 20, 9572-9580 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-9-9572
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References
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- M. A. Foster, A. C. Turner, M. Lipson, and A. L. Gaeta, “Nonlinear optics in photonic nanowires,” Opt. Express16(2), 1300–1320 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- J. Hansryd, P. A. Andrekson, M. Westlund, J. Li, and P. O. Hedekvist, “Fiber-based optical parametric amplifiers and their applications,” IEEE, J. Sel. Top. Quantum. Electron.8(3), 506–520 (2002). [CrossRef]
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- C. Baker and M. Rochette, “Highly nonlinear hybrid AsSe-PMMA microtapers,” Opt. Express18(12), 12391–12398 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- M. R. Lamont, B. Luther-Davies, D.-Y. Choi, S. Madden, and B. J. Eggleton, “Supercontinuum generation in dispersion engineered highly nonlinear (γ = 10 /W/m) As2S3) chalcogenide planar waveguide,” Opt. Express16(19), 14938–14944 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. R. Lamont, B. Luther-Davies, D.-Y. Choi, S. Madden, X. Gai, and B. J. Eggleton, “Net-gain from a parametric amplifier on a chalcogenide optical chip,” Opt. Express16(25), 20374–20381 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Ferrera, L. Razzari, D. Duchesne, R. Morandotti, Z. Yang, M. Liscidini, J. E. Sipe, S. Chu, B. E. Little, and D. J. Moss, “Low-power continuous-wave nonlinear optics in doped silica glass integrated waveguide structures,” Nat. Photonics2(12), 737–740 (2008). [CrossRef]
- E. Ciaramella and S. Trillo, “All-optical signal reshaping via four-wave mixing in optical fibers,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.12(7), 849–851 (2000). [CrossRef]
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- D. Cotter, R. J. Manning, K. J. Blow, A. D. Ellis, A. E. Kelly, D. Nesset, I. D. Phillips, A. J. Poustie, and D. C. Rogers, “Nonlinear Optics for High-Speed Digital Information Processing,” Science286(5444), 1523–1528 (1999). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Ferrera, L. Razzari, D. Duchesne, R. Morandotti, Z. Yang, M. Liscidini, J. E. Sipe, S. Chu, B. E. Little, and D. J. Moss, “Low-power continuous-wave nonlinear optics in doped silica glass integrated waveguide structures,” Nat. Photonics2(12), 737–740 (2008). [CrossRef]
- B. J. Eggleton, B. Luther-Davies, and K. Richardson, “Chalcogenide Photonics,” Nat. Photonics5, 141 (2011).
- M. R. Lamont, B. Luther-Davies, D.-Y. Choi, S. Madden, X. Gai, and B. J. Eggleton, “Net-gain from a parametric amplifier on a chalcogenide optical chip,” Opt. Express16(25), 20374–20381 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. D. Pelusi, F. Luan, E. Magi, M. R. Lamont, D. J. Moss, B. J. Eggleton, J. S. Sanghera, L. B. Shaw, and I. D. Aggarwal, “High bit rate all-optical signal processing in a fiber photonic wire,” Opt. Express16(15), 11506–11512 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. R. Lamont, B. Luther-Davies, D.-Y. Choi, S. Madden, and B. J. Eggleton, “Supercontinuum generation in dispersion engineered highly nonlinear (γ = 10 /W/m) As2S3) chalcogenide planar waveguide,” Opt. Express16(19), 14938–14944 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Cotter, R. J. Manning, K. J. Blow, A. D. Ellis, A. E. Kelly, D. Nesset, I. D. Phillips, A. J. Poustie, and D. C. Rogers, “Nonlinear Optics for High-Speed Digital Information Processing,” Science286(5444), 1523–1528 (1999). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Fridman, A. Farsi, Y. Okawachi, and A. L. Gaeta, “Demonstration of temporal cloaking,” Nature481(7379), 62–65 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Ferrera, L. Razzari, D. Duchesne, R. Morandotti, Z. Yang, M. Liscidini, J. E. Sipe, S. Chu, B. E. Little, and D. J. Moss, “Low-power continuous-wave nonlinear optics in doped silica glass integrated waveguide structures,” Nat. Photonics2(12), 737–740 (2008). [CrossRef]
- J. Swalen, R. Santo, M. Tacke, and J. Fischer, “Properties of polymeric thin films by integrated optical techniques,” IBM J. Res. Develop.21(2), 168–175 (1977). [CrossRef]
- M. A. Foster, A. C. Turner, M. Lipson, and A. L. Gaeta, “Nonlinear optics in photonic nanowires,” Opt. Express16(2), 1300–1320 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Salem, M. A. Foster, A. C. Turner, D. F. Geraghty, M. Lipson, and A. L. Gaeta, “Signal regeneration using low-power four-wave mixing on silicon chip,” Nat. Photonics2(1), 35–38 (2008). [CrossRef]
- M. A. Foster, A. C. Turner, J. E. Sharping, B. S. Schmidt, M. Lipson, and A. L. Gaeta, “Broad-band optical parametric gain on a silicon photonic chip,” Nature441(7096), 960–963 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Leuthold, C. Koos, and W. Freude, “Nonlinear Silicon Photonics,” Nat. Photonics4(8), 535–544 (2010). [CrossRef]
- M. Fridman, A. Farsi, Y. Okawachi, and A. L. Gaeta, “Demonstration of temporal cloaking,” Nature481(7379), 62–65 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Fridman, A. Farsi, Y. Okawachi, and A. L. Gaeta, “Demonstration of temporal cloaking,” Nature481(7379), 62–65 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Salem, M. A. Foster, A. C. Turner, D. F. Geraghty, M. Lipson, and A. L. Gaeta, “Signal regeneration using low-power four-wave mixing on silicon chip,” Nat. Photonics2(1), 35–38 (2008). [CrossRef]
- M. A. Foster, A. C. Turner, M. Lipson, and A. L. Gaeta, “Nonlinear optics in photonic nanowires,” Opt. Express16(2), 1300–1320 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. A. Foster, A. C. Turner, J. E. Sharping, B. S. Schmidt, M. Lipson, and A. L. Gaeta, “Broad-band optical parametric gain on a silicon photonic chip,” Nature441(7096), 960–963 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. D. Le, D. M. Nguyen, M. Thual, L. Bramerie, M. Costa e Silva, K. Lenglé, M. Gay, T. Chartier, L. Brilland, D. Méchin, P. Toupin, and J. Troles, “Efficient four-wave mixing in an ultra-highly nonlinear suspended-core chalcogenide As38Se62 fiber,” Opt. Express19(26), B653–B660 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Salem, M. A. Foster, A. C. Turner, D. F. Geraghty, M. Lipson, and A. L. Gaeta, “Signal regeneration using low-power four-wave mixing on silicon chip,” Nat. Photonics2(1), 35–38 (2008). [CrossRef]
- J. Hansryd, P. A. Andrekson, M. Westlund, J. Li, and P. O. Hedekvist, “Fiber-based optical parametric amplifiers and their applications,” IEEE, J. Sel. Top. Quantum. Electron.8(3), 506–520 (2002). [CrossRef]
- J. H. Lee, T. Nagashima, T. Hasegawa, S. Ohara, N. Sugimoto, and K. Kikuchi, “Bismuth-Oxide-Based Nonlinear Fiber With a High SBS Threshold and Its Application to Four-Wave-Mixing Wavelength Conversion Using a Pure Continuous-Wave Pump,” J. Lightwave Technol.24(1), 22–28 (2006). [CrossRef]
- J. H. Lee, T. Nagashima, T. Hasegawa, S. Ohara, N. Sugimoto, and K. Kikuchi, “Four-wave-mixing-based wavelength conversion of 40-Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero signal using 40-cm bismuth oxide nonlinear optical fiber,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.17(7), 1474–1476 (2005). [CrossRef]
- J. Hansryd, P. A. Andrekson, M. Westlund, J. Li, and P. O. Hedekvist, “Fiber-based optical parametric amplifiers and their applications,” IEEE, J. Sel. Top. Quantum. Electron.8(3), 506–520 (2002). [CrossRef]
- P. O. Hedekvist, M. Karlsson, and P. A. Andrekson, “Fiber four-wave mixing demultiplexing with inherent parametric amplification,” J. Lightwave Technol.15(11), 2051–2058 (1997). [CrossRef]
- K. Inoue and H. Toba, “Wavelength conversion experiment using fiber four-wave mixing,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.4(1), 69–72 (1992). [CrossRef]
- P. O. Hedekvist, M. Karlsson, and P. A. Andrekson, “Fiber four-wave mixing demultiplexing with inherent parametric amplification,” J. Lightwave Technol.15(11), 2051–2058 (1997). [CrossRef]
- D. Cotter, R. J. Manning, K. J. Blow, A. D. Ellis, A. E. Kelly, D. Nesset, I. D. Phillips, A. J. Poustie, and D. C. Rogers, “Nonlinear Optics for High-Speed Digital Information Processing,” Science286(5444), 1523–1528 (1999). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. H. Lee, T. Nagashima, T. Hasegawa, S. Ohara, N. Sugimoto, and K. Kikuchi, “Bismuth-Oxide-Based Nonlinear Fiber With a High SBS Threshold and Its Application to Four-Wave-Mixing Wavelength Conversion Using a Pure Continuous-Wave Pump,” J. Lightwave Technol.24(1), 22–28 (2006). [CrossRef]
- J. H. Lee, T. Nagashima, T. Hasegawa, S. Ohara, N. Sugimoto, and K. Kikuchi, “Four-wave-mixing-based wavelength conversion of 40-Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero signal using 40-cm bismuth oxide nonlinear optical fiber,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.17(7), 1474–1476 (2005). [CrossRef]
- J. Leuthold, C. Koos, and W. Freude, “Nonlinear Silicon Photonics,” Nat. Photonics4(8), 535–544 (2010). [CrossRef]
- M. D. Pelusi, F. Luan, E. Magi, M. R. Lamont, D. J. Moss, B. J. Eggleton, J. S. Sanghera, L. B. Shaw, and I. D. Aggarwal, “High bit rate all-optical signal processing in a fiber photonic wire,” Opt. Express16(15), 11506–11512 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. R. Lamont, B. Luther-Davies, D.-Y. Choi, S. Madden, X. Gai, and B. J. Eggleton, “Net-gain from a parametric amplifier on a chalcogenide optical chip,” Opt. Express16(25), 20374–20381 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. R. Lamont, B. Luther-Davies, D.-Y. Choi, S. Madden, and B. J. Eggleton, “Supercontinuum generation in dispersion engineered highly nonlinear (γ = 10 /W/m) As2S3) chalcogenide planar waveguide,” Opt. Express16(19), 14938–14944 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Nat. Photonics
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