Photon management with core-shell nanowire structures

doi:10.1364/OE.20.00A255

Photon management with core-shell nanowire structures

Kun-Yu Lai, Hung-Chih Chang, Yu-An Dai, and Jr-Hau He »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue S2, pp. A255-A264 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.00A255

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Abstract

Antireflective Si/oxide core-shell nanowire arrays (NWAs) were fabricated by galvanic etching and subsequent annealing process. The excellent light-harvesting characteristics of the core-shell NWAs, such as broadband working ranges, omnidirectionality, and polarization-insensitivity, ascribed to the smooth index transition from air to the substrates, have been demonstrated. By tuning core-shell volume ratios, we obtained enhanced light trapping regions implemented in either the planar Si underneath NWAs or the core regions of NWAs, greatly benefiting the geometry design of planar and radial p-n junction cell structures, respectively. This photon management scheme indicates the potential use in nanostructured photovoltaic applications.

OCIS Codes
(160.4670) Materials : Optical materials
(230.4000) Optical devices : Microstructure fabrication
(160.4236) Materials : Nanomaterials

ToC Category:
Microstructure Fabrication

History
Original Manuscript: November 21, 2011
Revised Manuscript: January 28, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: February 3, 2012
Published: February 7, 2012

Citation
Kun-Yu Lai, Hung-Chih Chang, Yu-An Dai, and Jr-Hau He, "Photon management with core-shell nanowire structures," Opt. Express 20, A255-A264 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-S2-A255

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References

H. P. Wang, K. T. Tsai, K. Y. Lai, T. C. Wei, Y. L. Wang, and J. H. He, “Periodic Si nanowire arrays by anodic aluminum oxide template and catalytic etching for broadband omnidirectional light harvesting,” Opt. Express20(S1), A94 (2012). [CrossRef]
C. H. Sun, P. Jiang, and B. Jiang, “Broadband moth-eye antireflection coatings on silicon,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92(6), 061112 (2008). [CrossRef]
C. G. Someda, Electromagnetic Waves (Chapman & Hall, 1998).
I. Gur, N. A. Fromer, C. P. Chen, A. G. Kanaras, and A. P. Alivisatos, “Hybrid solar cells with prescribed nanoscale morphologies based on hyperbranched semiconductor nanocrystals,” Nano Lett.7(2), 409–414 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
D. S. Tsai, C. A. Lin, W. C. Lien, H. C. Chang, Y. L. Wang, and J. H. He, “Ultra-high-responsivity broadband detection of Si metal-semiconductor-metal Schottky photodetectors improved by ZnO nanorod arrays,” ACS Nano5(10), 7748–7753 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
P. H. Fu, G. J. Lin, C. H. Ho, C. A. Lin, C. F. Kang, Y. L. Lai, K. Y. Lai, and J. H. He, “Efficiency enhancement of InGaN multi-quantum-well solar cells via light-harvesting SiO2 nano-honeycombs,” Appl. Phys. Lett.100(1), 013105 (2012). [CrossRef]
X. Fang, L. Hu, C. Ye, and L. Zhang, “One-dimensional inorganic semiconductor nanostructures: a new carrier for nanosensors,” Pure Appl. Chem.82(11), 2185–2198 (2010). [CrossRef]
C. Lee, S. Y. Bae, S. Mobasser, and H. Manohara, “A novel silicon nanotips antireflection surface for the micro Sun sensor,” Nano Lett.5(12), 2438–2442 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
E. Garnett and P. Yang, “Light trapping in silicon nanowire solar cells,” Nano Lett.10(3), 1082–1087 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
H. C. Chang, K. Y. Lai, Y. A. Dai, H. H. Wang, C. A. Lin, and J. H. He, “Nanowire arrays with controlled structure profiles for maximizing optical collection efficiency,” Energy Environ. Sci.4(8), 2863 (2011). [CrossRef]
J. Y. Huang, X. D. Wang, and Z. L. Wang, “Controlled replication of butterfly wings for achieving tunable photonic properties,” Nano Lett.6(10), 2325–2331 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Y. Huang, X. D. Wang, and Z. L. Wang, “Bio-inspired fabrication of antireflection nanostructures by replicating fly eyes,” Nanotechnology19(2), 025602 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Y. R. Lin, K. Y. Lai, H. P. Wang, and J. H. He, “Slope-tunable Si nanorod arrays with enhanced antireflection and self-cleaning properties,” Nanoscale2(12), 2765–2768 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. L. Diedenhofen, O. T. Janssen, G. Grzela, E. P. Bakkers, and J. Gómez Rivas, “Strong geometrical dependence of the absorption of light in arrays of semiconductor nanowires,” ACS Nano5(3), 2316–2323 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Zhu, Z. Yu, G. F. Burkhard, C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, M. McGehee, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays,” Nano Lett.9(1), 279–282 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Z. Fan, R. Kapadia, P. W. Leu, X. Zhang, Y.-L. Chueh, K. Takei, K. Yu, A. Jamshidi, A. A. Rathore, D. J. Ruebusch, M. Wu, and A. Javey, “Ordered arrays of dual-diameter nanopillars for maximized optical absorption,” Nano Lett.10(10), 3823–3827 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Y. L. Chueh, Z. Fan, K. Takei, H. Ko, R. Kapadia, A. A. Rathore, N. Miller, K. Yu, M. Wu, E. E. Haller, and A. Javey, “Black Ge based on crystalline/amorphous core/shell nanoneedle arrays,” Nano Lett.10(2), 520–523 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. M. Adachi, M. P. Anantram, and K. S. Karim, “Optical properties of crystalline-amorphous core-shell silicon nanowires,” Nano Lett.10(10), 4093–4098 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
L. Cao, P. Fan, A. P. Vasudev, J. S. White, Z. Yu, W. Cai, J. A. Schuller, S. Fan, and M. L. Brongersma, “Semiconductor nanowire optical antenna solar absorbers,” Nano Lett.10(2), 439–445 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Y. C. Chao, C. Y. Chen, C. A. Lin, and J. H. He, “Light scattering by nanostructured anti-reflection coatings,” Energy Environ. Sci.4(9), 3436 (2011). [CrossRef]
O. L. Muskens, J. G. Rivas, R. E. Algra, E. P. Bakkers, and A. Lagendijk, “Design of light scattering in nanowire materials for photovoltaic applications,” Nano Lett.8(9), 2638–2642 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
L. K. Yeh, K. Y. Lai, G. J. Lin, P. H. Fu, H. C. Chang, C. A. Lin, and J. H. He, “Giant efficiency enhancement of GaAs solar cells with graded antireflection layers based on syringelike ZnO nanorod arrays,” Adv. Energy Mater.1(4), 506–510 (2011). [CrossRef]
M. D. Kelzenberg, S. W. Boettcher, J. A. Petykiewicz, D. B. Turner-Evans, M. C. Putnam, E. L. Warren, J. M. Spurgeon, R. M. Briggs, N. S. Lewis, and H. A. Atwater, “Enhanced absorption and carrier collection in Si wire arrays for photovoltaic applications,” Nat. Mater.9(3), 239–244 (2010). [PubMed]
K. Peng, Y. Yan, S. Gao, and J. Zhu, “Dendrite-assisted growth of silicon nanowires in electroless metal deposition,” Adv. Funct. Mater.13(2), 127–132 (2003). [CrossRef]
C. Y. Chen, C. S. Wu, C. J. Chou, and T. J. Yen, “Morphological control of single-crystalline silicon nanowire arrays near room temperature,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)20(20), 3811–3815 (2008). [CrossRef]
Y. A. Dai, H. C. Chang, K. Y. Lai, C. A. Lin, R. J. Chung, G. R. Lin, and J. H. He, “Subwavelength Si nanowire arrays for self-cleaning antireﬂection coatings,” J. Mater. Chem.20(48), 10924 (2010). [CrossRef]
B. E. Deal and A. S. Grove, “General relationship for the thermal oxidation of silicon,” J. Appl. Phys.36(12), 3770 (1965). [CrossRef]
S. Krylyuk, A. V. Davydov, I. Levin, A. Motayed, and M. D. Vaudin, “Rapid thermal oxidation of silicon nanowires,” Appl. Phys. Lett.94(6), 063113 (2009). [CrossRef]
D. Shir, B. Z. Liu, A. M. Mohammad, K. K. Lew, and S. E. Mohney, “Oxidation of silicon nanowires,” J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B24(3), 1333 (2006). [CrossRef]
P. Beckman and A. Spizzichno, The Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves from Rough Surfaces (Pergamon, 1963).
I. H. Malitson, “Interspecimen comparison of the refractive index of fused silica,” J. Opt. Soc. Am.55(10), 1205 (1965). [CrossRef]
S. Adachi, “Optical dispersion relations for Si and Ge,” J. Appl. Phys.66(7), 3224 (1989). [CrossRef]
Y. C. Chao, C. Y. Chen, C. A. Lin, Y. A. Dai, and J. H. He, “Antireflection effect of ZnO nanorod arrays,” J. Mater. Chem.20(37), 8134 (2010). [CrossRef]
Y. C. Lee, C. F. Huang, J. Y. Chang, and M. L. Wu, “Enhanced light trapping based on guided mode resonance effect for thin-film silicon solar cells with two filling-factor gratings,” Opt. Express16(11), 7969–7975 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. J. Wilson and M. C. Hutley, “The optical properties of 'Moth Eye' antireflection surfaces,” Opt. Acta (Lond.)29(7), 993–1009 (1982). [CrossRef]
H. Sai, Y. Kanamori, K. Arafune, Y. Ohshita, and M. Yamaguchi, “Light trapping effect of submicron surface textures in crystalline Si solar cells,” Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl.15(5), 415–423 (2007). [CrossRef]
B. M. Kayes, H. A. Atwater, and N. S. Lewis, “Comparison of the device physics principles of planar and radial p-n junction nanorod solar cells,” J. Appl. Phys.97(11), 114302 (2005). [CrossRef]
L. Tsakalakos, J. Balch, J. Fronheiser, B. A. Korevaar, O. Sulima, and J. Rand, “Silicon nanowire solar cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91(23), 233117 (2007). [CrossRef]

Adachi, M. M.
Adachi, S.
Algra, R. E.
Alivisatos, A. P.
Anantram, M. P.
Arafune, K.
Atwater, H. A.
Bae, S. Y.
Bakkers, E. P.
Balch, J.
Boettcher, S. W.
Briggs, R. M.
Brongersma, M. L.
Burkhard, G. F.
Cai, W.
Cao, L.
Chang, H. C.
Chang, J. Y.
Chao, Y. C.
Chen, C. P.
Chen, C. Y.
Chou, C. J.
Chueh, Y. L.
Chueh, Y.-L.
Chung, R. J.
Connor, S. T.
Cui, Y.
Dai, Y. A.
Davydov, A. V.
Deal, B. E.
Diedenhofen, S. L.
Fan, P.
Fan, S.
Fan, Z.
Fang, X.
Fromer, N. A.
Fronheiser, J.
Fu, P. H.
Gao, S.
Garnett, E.
Gómez Rivas, J.
Grove, A. S.
Grzela, G.
Gur, I.
Haller, E. E.
He, J. H.
Ho, C. H.
Hsu, C. M.
Hu, L.
Huang, C. F.
Huang, J. Y.
Hutley, M. C.
Jamshidi, A.
Janssen, O. T.
Javey, A.
Jiang, B.
Jiang, P.
Kanamori, Y.
Kanaras, A. G.
Kang, C. F.
Kapadia, R.
Karim, K. S.
Kayes, B. M.
Kelzenberg, M. D.
Ko, H.
Korevaar, B. A.
Krylyuk, S.
Lagendijk, A.
Lai, K. Y.
Lai, Y. L.
Lee, C.
Lee, Y. C.
Leu, P. W.
Levin, I.
Lew, K. K.
Lewis, N. S.
Lien, W. C.
Lin, C. A.
Lin, G. J.
Lin, G. R.
Lin, Y. R.
Liu, B. Z.
Malitson, I. H.
Manohara, H.
McGehee, M.
Miller, N.
Mobasser, S.
Mohammad, A. M.
Mohney, S. E.
Motayed, A.
Muskens, O. L.
Ohshita, Y.
Peng, K.
Petykiewicz, J. A.
Putnam, M. C.
Rand, J.
Rathore, A. A.
Rivas, J. G.
Ruebusch, D. J.
Sai, H.
Schuller, J. A.
Shir, D.
Spurgeon, J. M.
Sulima, O.
Sun, C. H.
Takei, K.
Tsai, D. S.
Tsai, K. T.
Tsakalakos, L.
Turner-Evans, D. B.
Vasudev, A. P.
Vaudin, M. D.
Wang, H. H.
Wang, H. P.
Wang, Q.
Wang, X. D.
Wang, Y. L.
Wang, Z. L.
Warren, E. L.
Wei, T. C.
White, J. S.
Wilson, S. J.
Wu, C. S.
Wu, M.
Wu, M. L.
Xu, Y.
Yamaguchi, M.
Yan, Y.
Yang, P.
Ye, C.
Yeh, L. K.
Yen, T. J.
Yu, K.
Yu, Z.
Zhang, L.
Zhang, X.
Zhu, J.

ACS Nano

D. S. Tsai, C. A. Lin, W. C. Lien, H. C. Chang, Y. L. Wang, and J. H. He, “Ultra-high-responsivity broadband detection of Si metal-semiconductor-metal Schottky photodetectors improved by ZnO nanorod arrays,” ACS Nano5(10), 7748–7753 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. L. Diedenhofen, O. T. Janssen, G. Grzela, E. P. Bakkers, and J. Gómez Rivas, “Strong geometrical dependence of the absorption of light in arrays of semiconductor nanowires,” ACS Nano5(3), 2316–2323 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Adv. Energy Mater.

L. K. Yeh, K. Y. Lai, G. J. Lin, P. H. Fu, H. C. Chang, C. A. Lin, and J. H. He, “Giant efficiency enhancement of GaAs solar cells with graded antireflection layers based on syringelike ZnO nanorod arrays,” Adv. Energy Mater.1(4), 506–510 (2011). [CrossRef]

Adv. Funct. Mater.

K. Peng, Y. Yan, S. Gao, and J. Zhu, “Dendrite-assisted growth of silicon nanowires in electroless metal deposition,” Adv. Funct. Mater.13(2), 127–132 (2003). [CrossRef]

Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)

C. Y. Chen, C. S. Wu, C. J. Chou, and T. J. Yen, “Morphological control of single-crystalline silicon nanowire arrays near room temperature,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)20(20), 3811–3815 (2008). [CrossRef]

Appl. Phys. Lett.

S. Krylyuk, A. V. Davydov, I. Levin, A. Motayed, and M. D. Vaudin, “Rapid thermal oxidation of silicon nanowires,” Appl. Phys. Lett.94(6), 063113 (2009). [CrossRef]
L. Tsakalakos, J. Balch, J. Fronheiser, B. A. Korevaar, O. Sulima, and J. Rand, “Silicon nanowire solar cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91(23), 233117 (2007). [CrossRef]
P. H. Fu, G. J. Lin, C. H. Ho, C. A. Lin, C. F. Kang, Y. L. Lai, K. Y. Lai, and J. H. He, “Efficiency enhancement of InGaN multi-quantum-well solar cells via light-harvesting SiO2 nano-honeycombs,” Appl. Phys. Lett.100(1), 013105 (2012). [CrossRef]
C. H. Sun, P. Jiang, and B. Jiang, “Broadband moth-eye antireflection coatings on silicon,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92(6), 061112 (2008). [CrossRef]

Energy Environ. Sci.

H. C. Chang, K. Y. Lai, Y. A. Dai, H. H. Wang, C. A. Lin, and J. H. He, “Nanowire arrays with controlled structure profiles for maximizing optical collection efficiency,” Energy Environ. Sci.4(8), 2863 (2011). [CrossRef]
Y. C. Chao, C. Y. Chen, C. A. Lin, and J. H. He, “Light scattering by nanostructured anti-reflection coatings,” Energy Environ. Sci.4(9), 3436 (2011). [CrossRef]

J. Appl. Phys.

B. M. Kayes, H. A. Atwater, and N. S. Lewis, “Comparison of the device physics principles of planar and radial p-n junction nanorod solar cells,” J. Appl. Phys.97(11), 114302 (2005). [CrossRef]
S. Adachi, “Optical dispersion relations for Si and Ge,” J. Appl. Phys.66(7), 3224 (1989). [CrossRef]
B. E. Deal and A. S. Grove, “General relationship for the thermal oxidation of silicon,” J. Appl. Phys.36(12), 3770 (1965). [CrossRef]

J. Mater. Chem.

Y. A. Dai, H. C. Chang, K. Y. Lai, C. A. Lin, R. J. Chung, G. R. Lin, and J. H. He, “Subwavelength Si nanowire arrays for self-cleaning antireﬂection coatings,” J. Mater. Chem.20(48), 10924 (2010). [CrossRef]
Y. C. Chao, C. Y. Chen, C. A. Lin, Y. A. Dai, and J. H. He, “Antireflection effect of ZnO nanorod arrays,” J. Mater. Chem.20(37), 8134 (2010). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. Soc. Am.

I. H. Malitson, “Interspecimen comparison of the refractive index of fused silica,” J. Opt. Soc. Am.55(10), 1205 (1965). [CrossRef]

J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B

D. Shir, B. Z. Liu, A. M. Mohammad, K. K. Lew, and S. E. Mohney, “Oxidation of silicon nanowires,” J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B24(3), 1333 (2006). [CrossRef]

Nano Lett.

O. L. Muskens, J. G. Rivas, R. E. Algra, E. P. Bakkers, and A. Lagendijk, “Design of light scattering in nanowire materials for photovoltaic applications,” Nano Lett.8(9), 2638–2642 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Y. Huang, X. D. Wang, and Z. L. Wang, “Controlled replication of butterfly wings for achieving tunable photonic properties,” Nano Lett.6(10), 2325–2331 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Zhu, Z. Yu, G. F. Burkhard, C. M. Hsu, S. T. Connor, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, M. McGehee, S. Fan, and Y. Cui, “Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays,” Nano Lett.9(1), 279–282 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Z. Fan, R. Kapadia, P. W. Leu, X. Zhang, Y.-L. Chueh, K. Takei, K. Yu, A. Jamshidi, A. A. Rathore, D. J. Ruebusch, M. Wu, and A. Javey, “Ordered arrays of dual-diameter nanopillars for maximized optical absorption,” Nano Lett.10(10), 3823–3827 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Y. L. Chueh, Z. Fan, K. Takei, H. Ko, R. Kapadia, A. A. Rathore, N. Miller, K. Yu, M. Wu, E. E. Haller, and A. Javey, “Black Ge based on crystalline/amorphous core/shell nanoneedle arrays,” Nano Lett.10(2), 520–523 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. M. Adachi, M. P. Anantram, and K. S. Karim, “Optical properties of crystalline-amorphous core-shell silicon nanowires,” Nano Lett.10(10), 4093–4098 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
L. Cao, P. Fan, A. P. Vasudev, J. S. White, Z. Yu, W. Cai, J. A. Schuller, S. Fan, and M. L. Brongersma, “Semiconductor nanowire optical antenna solar absorbers,” Nano Lett.10(2), 439–445 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
I. Gur, N. A. Fromer, C. P. Chen, A. G. Kanaras, and A. P. Alivisatos, “Hybrid solar cells with prescribed nanoscale morphologies based on hyperbranched semiconductor nanocrystals,” Nano Lett.7(2), 409–414 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. Lee, S. Y. Bae, S. Mobasser, and H. Manohara, “A novel silicon nanotips antireflection surface for the micro Sun sensor,” Nano Lett.5(12), 2438–2442 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
E. Garnett and P. Yang, “Light trapping in silicon nanowire solar cells,” Nano Lett.10(3), 1082–1087 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Nanoscale

Y. R. Lin, K. Y. Lai, H. P. Wang, and J. H. He, “Slope-tunable Si nanorod arrays with enhanced antireflection and self-cleaning properties,” Nanoscale2(12), 2765–2768 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Nanotechnology

J. Y. Huang, X. D. Wang, and Z. L. Wang, “Bio-inspired fabrication of antireflection nanostructures by replicating fly eyes,” Nanotechnology19(2), 025602 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Nat. Mater.

M. D. Kelzenberg, S. W. Boettcher, J. A. Petykiewicz, D. B. Turner-Evans, M. C. Putnam, E. L. Warren, J. M. Spurgeon, R. M. Briggs, N. S. Lewis, and H. A. Atwater, “Enhanced absorption and carrier collection in Si wire arrays for photovoltaic applications,” Nat. Mater.9(3), 239–244 (2010). [PubMed]

Opt. Acta (Lond.)

S. J. Wilson and M. C. Hutley, “The optical properties of 'Moth Eye' antireflection surfaces,” Opt. Acta (Lond.)29(7), 993–1009 (1982). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl.

H. Sai, Y. Kanamori, K. Arafune, Y. Ohshita, and M. Yamaguchi, “Light trapping effect of submicron surface textures in crystalline Si solar cells,” Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl.15(5), 415–423 (2007). [CrossRef]

Pure Appl. Chem.

X. Fang, L. Hu, C. Ye, and L. Zhang, “One-dimensional inorganic semiconductor nanostructures: a new carrier for nanosensors,” Pure Appl. Chem.82(11), 2185–2198 (2010). [CrossRef]

Other

C. G. Someda, Electromagnetic Waves (Chapman & Hall, 1998).
P. Beckman and A. Spizzichno, The Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves from Rough Surfaces (Pergamon, 1963).

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[1] H. P. Wang, K. T. Tsai, K. Y. Lai, T. C. Wei, Y. L. Wang, and J. H. He, “Periodic Si nanowire arrays by anodic aluminum oxide template and catalytic etching for broadband omnidirectional light harvesting,” Opt. Express20(S1), A94 (2012). [CrossRef]

[2] C. H. Sun, P. Jiang, and B. Jiang, “Broadband moth-eye antireflection coatings on silicon,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92(6), 061112 (2008). [CrossRef]

[3] C. G. Someda, Electromagnetic Waves (Chapman & Hall, 1998).

[4] I. Gur, N. A. Fromer, C. P. Chen, A. G. Kanaras, and A. P. Alivisatos, “Hybrid solar cells with prescribed nanoscale morphologies based on hyperbranched semiconductor nanocrystals,” Nano Lett.7(2), 409–414 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[5] D. S. Tsai, C. A. Lin, W. C. Lien, H. C. Chang, Y. L. Wang, and J. H. He, “Ultra-high-responsivity broadband detection of Si metal-semiconductor-metal Schottky photodetectors improved by ZnO nanorod arrays,” ACS Nano5(10), 7748–7753 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[6] P. H. Fu, G. J. Lin, C. H. Ho, C. A. Lin, C. F. Kang, Y. L. Lai, K. Y. Lai, and J. H. He, “Efficiency enhancement of InGaN multi-quantum-well solar cells via light-harvesting SiO2 nano-honeycombs,” Appl. Phys. Lett.100(1), 013105 (2012). [CrossRef]

[7] X. Fang, L. Hu, C. Ye, and L. Zhang, “One-dimensional inorganic semiconductor nanostructures: a new carrier for nanosensors,” Pure Appl. Chem.82(11), 2185–2198 (2010). [CrossRef]

[8] C. Lee, S. Y. Bae, S. Mobasser, and H. Manohara, “A novel silicon nanotips antireflection surface for the micro Sun sensor,” Nano Lett.5(12), 2438–2442 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[9] E. Garnett and P. Yang, “Light trapping in silicon nanowire solar cells,” Nano Lett.10(3), 1082–1087 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[10] H. C. Chang, K. Y. Lai, Y. A. Dai, H. H. Wang, C. A. Lin, and J. H. He, “Nanowire arrays with controlled structure profiles for maximizing optical collection efficiency,” Energy Environ. Sci.4(8), 2863 (2011). [CrossRef]

[11] J. Y. Huang, X. D. Wang, and Z. L. Wang, “Controlled replication of butterfly wings for achieving tunable photonic properties,” Nano Lett.6(10), 2325–2331 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[12] J. Y. Huang, X. D. Wang, and Z. L. Wang, “Bio-inspired fabrication of antireflection nanostructures by replicating fly eyes,” Nanotechnology19(2), 025602 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[13] Y. R. Lin, K. Y. Lai, H. P. Wang, and J. H. He, “Slope-tunable Si nanorod arrays with enhanced antireflection and self-cleaning properties,” Nanoscale2(12), 2765–2768 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[14] S. L. Diedenhofen, O. T. Janssen, G. Grzela, E. P. Bakkers, and J. Gómez Rivas, “Strong geometrical dependence of the absorption of light in arrays of semiconductor nanowires,” ACS Nano5(3), 2316–2323 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

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OpticsInfoBase

Energy Express

Photon management with core-shell nanowire structures