Temperature independent tuning of whispering gallery modes in a cryogenic environment

doi:10.1364/OE.21.000675

Temperature independent tuning of whispering gallery modes in a cryogenic environment

Rico Henze, Jonathan M. Ward, and Oliver Benson »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 21, Issue 1, pp. 675-680 (2013)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.000675

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Abstract
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Abstract

A new tuning method for tuning whispering gallery modes (WGMs) in a cryogenic environment is presented. Within a home-made exchange gas cryostat the applicability of pressure tuning in microbubbles at liquid nitrogen (LN) temperature is shown. The general thermal shift and tuning behavior of borosilicate microbubbles is theoretically analyzed and compared to experimental data. We show that stress/strain tuning using compressed gas is widely unaffected by system temperature.

OCIS Codes
(120.6810) Instrumentation, measurement, and metrology : Thermal effects
(160.4760) Materials : Optical properties
(230.3990) Optical devices : Micro-optical devices
(140.3948) Lasers and laser optics : Microcavity devices
(280.5475) Remote sensing and sensors : Pressure measurement

ToC Category:
Sensors

History
Original Manuscript: October 26, 2012
Revised Manuscript: December 9, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: December 20, 2012
Published: January 7, 2013

Citation
Rico Henze, Jonathan M. Ward, and Oliver Benson, "Temperature independent tuning of whispering gallery modes in a cryogenic environment," Opt. Express 21, 675-680 (2013)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-21-1-675

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References

J. Ward and O. Benson, “WGM microresonators: sensing, lasing and fundamental optics with microspheres,” Laser Photon. Rev.5(4), 553–570 (2011). [CrossRef]
F. Treussart, V. S. Ilchenko, J. F. Roch, J. Hare, V. Lefevre-Seguin, J. M. Raimond, and S. Haroche, “Evidence for intrinsic kerr bistability of high-q microsphere resonators in superfluid helium,” Eur. Phys. J. D1, 235–238 (1998).
M. Gregor, R. Henze, T. Schröder, and O. Benson, “On-demand positioning of a preselected quantum emitter on a fiber-coupled toroidal microresonator,” Appl. Phys. Lett.95(15), 153110 (2009). [CrossRef]
P. E. Barclay, C. Santori, K.-M. Fu, R. G. Beausoleil, and O. Painter, “Coherent interference effects in a nano-assembled diamond NV center cavity-QED system,” Opt. Express17(10), 8081–8097 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Y.-S. Park, A. K. Cook, and H. Wang, “Cavity QED with diamond nanocrystals and silica microspheres,” Nano Lett.6(9), 2075–2079 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. Chiba, H. Fujiwara, J. Hotta, S. Takeuchi, and K. Sasaki, “Resonant frequency control of a microspherical cavity by temperature adjustment,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.43(9A), 6138–6141 (2004). [CrossRef]
Q. Ma, T. Rossmann, and Z. Guo, “Whispering-gallery mode silica microsensors for cryogenic to room temperature measurement,” Meas. Sci. Technol.21(2), 025310 (2010). [CrossRef]
V. S. Ilchenko, P. S. Volikov, V. L. Velichansky, F. Treussart, V. Lefèvre-Seguin, J.-M. Raimond, and S. Haroche, “Strain-tunable high-Q optical microsphere resonator,” Opt. Commun.145(1-6), 86–90 (1998). [CrossRef]
G. Senthil Murugan, M. N. Petrovich, Y. Jung, J. S. Wilkinson, and M. N. Zervas, “Hollow-bottle optical microresonators,” Opt. Express19(21), 20773–20784 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Sumetsky, Y. Dulashko, and R. S. Windeler, “Optical microbubble resonator,” Opt. Lett.35(7), 898–900 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. Henze, T. Seifert, J. Ward, and O. Benson, “Tuning whispering gallery modes using internal aerostatic pressure,” Opt. Lett.36(23), 4536–4538 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. P. Timoshenko and J. N. Goodier, Theory of Elasticity 2nd ed. (McGraw-Hill, 1951).
S. F. Jacobs, “Dimensional stability of materials useful in optical engineering,” Opt. Acta (Lond.)33(11), 1377–1388 (1986). [CrossRef]
S. Spinner, “Elastic moduli of glasses at elevated temperatures by a dynamic method,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc.39(3), 113–118 (1956). [CrossRef]

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[1] J. Ward and O. Benson, “WGM microresonators: sensing, lasing and fundamental optics with microspheres,” Laser Photon. Rev.5(4), 553–570 (2011). [CrossRef]

[2] F. Treussart, V. S. Ilchenko, J. F. Roch, J. Hare, V. Lefevre-Seguin, J. M. Raimond, and S. Haroche, “Evidence for intrinsic kerr bistability of high-q microsphere resonators in superfluid helium,” Eur. Phys. J. D1, 235–238 (1998).

[3] M. Gregor, R. Henze, T. Schröder, and O. Benson, “On-demand positioning of a preselected quantum emitter on a fiber-coupled toroidal microresonator,” Appl. Phys. Lett.95(15), 153110 (2009). [CrossRef]

[4] P. E. Barclay, C. Santori, K.-M. Fu, R. G. Beausoleil, and O. Painter, “Coherent interference effects in a nano-assembled diamond NV center cavity-QED system,” Opt. Express17(10), 8081–8097 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[5] Y.-S. Park, A. K. Cook, and H. Wang, “Cavity QED with diamond nanocrystals and silica microspheres,” Nano Lett.6(9), 2075–2079 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[6] A. Chiba, H. Fujiwara, J. Hotta, S. Takeuchi, and K. Sasaki, “Resonant frequency control of a microspherical cavity by temperature adjustment,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.43(9A), 6138–6141 (2004). [CrossRef]

[7] Q. Ma, T. Rossmann, and Z. Guo, “Whispering-gallery mode silica microsensors for cryogenic to room temperature measurement,” Meas. Sci. Technol.21(2), 025310 (2010). [CrossRef]

[8] V. S. Ilchenko, P. S. Volikov, V. L. Velichansky, F. Treussart, V. Lefèvre-Seguin, J.-M. Raimond, and S. Haroche, “Strain-tunable high-Q optical microsphere resonator,” Opt. Commun.145(1-6), 86–90 (1998). [CrossRef]

[9] G. Senthil Murugan, M. N. Petrovich, Y. Jung, J. S. Wilkinson, and M. N. Zervas, “Hollow-bottle optical microresonators,” Opt. Express19(21), 20773–20784 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[10] M. Sumetsky, Y. Dulashko, and R. S. Windeler, “Optical microbubble resonator,” Opt. Lett.35(7), 898–900 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[11] R. Henze, T. Seifert, J. Ward, and O. Benson, “Tuning whispering gallery modes using internal aerostatic pressure,” Opt. Lett.36(23), 4536–4538 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[12] S. P. Timoshenko and J. N. Goodier, Theory of Elasticity 2nd ed. (McGraw-Hill, 1951).

[13] S. F. Jacobs, “Dimensional stability of materials useful in optical engineering,” Opt. Acta (Lond.)33(11), 1377–1388 (1986). [CrossRef]

[14] S. Spinner, “Elastic moduli of glasses at elevated temperatures by a dynamic method,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc.39(3), 113–118 (1956). [CrossRef]

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Temperature independent tuning of whispering gallery modes in a cryogenic environment