The still unknown azobenzene - Wavelength dependent photoanisotropy in amorphous azobenzene polymers

doi:10.1364/OE.21.001812

The still unknown azobenzene - Wavelength dependent photoanisotropy in amorphous azobenzene polymers

P. S. Ramanujam, Ole Bjarlin Jensen, and Peter Tidemand-Lichtenberg »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 21, Issue 2, pp. 1812-1819 (2013)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.001812

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Abstract

We demonstrate a new type of anisotropy in thin films of amorphous azobenzene polymers induced between 570 and 633 nm, where the absorbance in the film is on the order of 0.05. The anisotropy has a pronounced radial contribution. This observation points to an additional mechanism for the alignment of azobenzene molecules.

OCIS Codes
(160.5470) Materials : Polymers
(210.4810) Optical data storage : Optical storage-recording materials
(260.1440) Physical optics : Birefringence
(300.6500) Spectroscopy : Spectroscopy, time-resolved

ToC Category:
Materials

History
Original Manuscript: November 21, 2012
Revised Manuscript: December 23, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: December 26, 2012
Published: January 16, 2013

Citation
P. S. Ramanujam, Ole Bjarlin Jensen, and Peter Tidemand-Lichtenberg, "The still unknown azobenzene - Wavelength dependent photoanisotropy in amorphous azobenzene polymers," Opt. Express 21, 1812-1819 (2013)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-21-2-1812

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References

M. Eich and J. H. Wendorff, “Erasable holograms in polymeric liquid crystals,” Makromol. Chem., Rapid. Commun.8(9), 467–471 (1987). [CrossRef]
L. Nikolova and P. S. Ramanujam, Polarization Holography (Cambridge University Press, 2009).
P. Rochon, E. Batalla, and A. Natansohn, “Optically induced surface gratings in azoaromatic polymer films,” Appl. Phys. Lett.66(2), 136 (1995). [CrossRef]
D. Y. Kim, S. K. Tripathy, L. Li, and J. Kumar, “Laser-induced surface-relief gratings on nonlinear optical polymer films,” Appl. Phys. Lett.66(10), 1166–1168 (1995). [CrossRef]
L. Nikolova, L. Nedelchev, T. Todorov, T. Petrova, N. Tomova, V. Dragostinova, P. S. Ramanujam, and S. Hvilsted, “Self-induced light polarization rotation in azobenzene-containing polymers,” Appl. Phys. Lett.77(5), 657–659 (2000). [CrossRef]
N. C. R. Holme, L. Nikolova, S. Hvilsted, P. H. Rasmussen, R. H. Berg, and P. S. Ramanujam, “Optically induced surface relief phenomena in azobenzene polymers,” Appl. Phys. Lett.74(4), 519–521 (1999). [CrossRef]
L. Nedelchev, L. Nikolova, A. Matharu, and P. S. Ramanujam, “Photoinduced macroscopic chiral structures in a series of azobenzene copolyesters,” Appl. Phys. B75(6-7), 671–676 (2002). [CrossRef]
S. Lee, H. S. Kang, and J. K. Park, “Directional photofluidization lithography: micro/nanostructural evolution by photofluidic motions of azobenzene materials,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)24(16), 2069–2103 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. Ambrosio, L. Marrucci, F. Borbone, A. Roviello, and P. Maddalena, “Light-induced spiral mass transport in azo-polymer films under vortex-beam illumination,” Nat Commun3, 989 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
P. S. Ramanujam, S. Hvilsted, and F. Andruzzi, “Novel biphotonic holographic storage in a side-chain liquid crystalline polyester,” Appl. Phys. Lett.62(10), 1041–1043 (1993). [CrossRef]
C. Kulinna, S. Hvilsted, C. Hendann, H. W. Siesler, and P. S. Ramanujam, “Selectively deuterated liquid crystalline azobenzene side-chain polyesters. 3. Investigations of laser-induced segmental mobility by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,” Macromolecules31(7), 2141–2151 (1998). [CrossRef]
C. Sánchez, R. Alcalá, S. Hvilsted, and P. S. Ramanujam, “High diffraction efficiency polarization gratings recorded by biphotonic holography in an azobenzene liquid crystalline polyester,” Appl. Phys. Lett.78(25), 3944–3947 (2001). [CrossRef]
L. Nedelchev, A. Matharu, L. Nikolova, S. Hvilsted, and P. S. Ramanujam, “Propagation of polarized light through azobenzene polyester films,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.)375, 563–575 (2002). [CrossRef]
J. Janousek, S. Johansson, P. Tidemand-Lichtenberg, S. Wang, J. L. Mortensen, P. Buchhave, and F. Laurell, “Efficient all solid-state continuous-wave yellow-orange light source,” Opt. Express13(4), 1188–1192 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Chi, O. B. Jensen, G. Erbert, B. Sumpf, and P. M. Petersen, “Tunable high-power narrow-spectrum external-cavity diode laser at 675 nm as a pump source for UV generation,” Appl. Opt.50(1), 90–94 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. H. Berg, S. Hvilsted, and P. S. Ramanujam, “Peptide oligomers for holographic data storage,” Nature383(6600), 505–508 (1996). [CrossRef]
S. Hvilsted, F. Andruzzi, C. Kulinna, H. W. Siesler, and P. S. Ramanujam, “Novel side-chain liquid-crystalline polyester architecture for reversible optical storage,” Macromolecules28(7), 2172–2183 (1995). [CrossRef]
C. Manzo, D. Paparo, and L. Marrucci, “Photoinduced random molecular reorientation by nonradiative energy relaxation: an experimental test,” Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys.70(5), 051702 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
D. Henao and A. Majumdar, “Symmetry of uniaxial global Landau-de Gennes minimizers in the theory of nematic liquid crystals,” SIAM J. Math. Anal.44(5), 3217–3241 (2012). [CrossRef]
S. Kralj and E. G. Virga, “Universal fine structure of nematic hedgehogs,” J. Phys. Math. Gen.34(4), 829–838 (2001). [CrossRef]

Alcalá, R.
Ambrosio, A.
Andruzzi, F.
Batalla, E.
Berg, R. H.
Borbone, F.
Buchhave, P.
Chi, M.
Dragostinova, V.
Eich, M.
Erbert, G.
Henao, D.
Hendann, C.
Holme, N. C. R.
Hvilsted, S.
Janousek, J.
Jensen, O. B.
Johansson, S.
Kang, H. S.
Kim, D. Y.
Kralj, S.
Kulinna, C.
Kumar, J.
Laurell, F.
Lee, S.
Li, L.
Maddalena, P.
Majumdar, A.
Manzo, C.
Marrucci, L.
Matharu, A.
Mortensen, J. L.
Natansohn, A.
Nedelchev, L.
Nikolova, L.
Paparo, D.
Park, J. K.
Petersen, P. M.
Petrova, T.
Ramanujam, P. S.
Rasmussen, P. H.
Rochon, P.
Roviello, A.
Sánchez, C.
Siesler, H. W.
Sumpf, B.
Tidemand-Lichtenberg, P.
Todorov, T.
Tomova, N.
Tripathy, S. K.
Virga, E. G.
Wang, S.
Wendorff, J. H.

Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)

S. Lee, H. S. Kang, and J. K. Park, “Directional photofluidization lithography: micro/nanostructural evolution by photofluidic motions of azobenzene materials,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)24(16), 2069–2103 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Appl. Opt.

M. Chi, O. B. Jensen, G. Erbert, B. Sumpf, and P. M. Petersen, “Tunable high-power narrow-spectrum external-cavity diode laser at 675 nm as a pump source for UV generation,” Appl. Opt.50(1), 90–94 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Appl. Phys. B

L. Nedelchev, L. Nikolova, A. Matharu, and P. S. Ramanujam, “Photoinduced macroscopic chiral structures in a series of azobenzene copolyesters,” Appl. Phys. B75(6-7), 671–676 (2002). [CrossRef]

Appl. Phys. Lett.

P. S. Ramanujam, S. Hvilsted, and F. Andruzzi, “Novel biphotonic holographic storage in a side-chain liquid crystalline polyester,” Appl. Phys. Lett.62(10), 1041–1043 (1993). [CrossRef]
C. Sánchez, R. Alcalá, S. Hvilsted, and P. S. Ramanujam, “High diffraction efficiency polarization gratings recorded by biphotonic holography in an azobenzene liquid crystalline polyester,” Appl. Phys. Lett.78(25), 3944–3947 (2001). [CrossRef]
P. Rochon, E. Batalla, and A. Natansohn, “Optically induced surface gratings in azoaromatic polymer films,” Appl. Phys. Lett.66(2), 136 (1995). [CrossRef]
D. Y. Kim, S. K. Tripathy, L. Li, and J. Kumar, “Laser-induced surface-relief gratings on nonlinear optical polymer films,” Appl. Phys. Lett.66(10), 1166–1168 (1995). [CrossRef]
L. Nikolova, L. Nedelchev, T. Todorov, T. Petrova, N. Tomova, V. Dragostinova, P. S. Ramanujam, and S. Hvilsted, “Self-induced light polarization rotation in azobenzene-containing polymers,” Appl. Phys. Lett.77(5), 657–659 (2000). [CrossRef]
N. C. R. Holme, L. Nikolova, S. Hvilsted, P. H. Rasmussen, R. H. Berg, and P. S. Ramanujam, “Optically induced surface relief phenomena in azobenzene polymers,” Appl. Phys. Lett.74(4), 519–521 (1999). [CrossRef]

J. Phys. Math. Gen.

S. Kralj and E. G. Virga, “Universal fine structure of nematic hedgehogs,” J. Phys. Math. Gen.34(4), 829–838 (2001). [CrossRef]

Macromolecules

C. Kulinna, S. Hvilsted, C. Hendann, H. W. Siesler, and P. S. Ramanujam, “Selectively deuterated liquid crystalline azobenzene side-chain polyesters. 3. Investigations of laser-induced segmental mobility by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,” Macromolecules31(7), 2141–2151 (1998). [CrossRef]
S. Hvilsted, F. Andruzzi, C. Kulinna, H. W. Siesler, and P. S. Ramanujam, “Novel side-chain liquid-crystalline polyester architecture for reversible optical storage,” Macromolecules28(7), 2172–2183 (1995). [CrossRef]

Makromol. Chem., Rapid. Commun.

M. Eich and J. H. Wendorff, “Erasable holograms in polymeric liquid crystals,” Makromol. Chem., Rapid. Commun.8(9), 467–471 (1987). [CrossRef]

Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.)

L. Nedelchev, A. Matharu, L. Nikolova, S. Hvilsted, and P. S. Ramanujam, “Propagation of polarized light through azobenzene polyester films,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.)375, 563–575 (2002). [CrossRef]

Nat Commun

A. Ambrosio, L. Marrucci, F. Borbone, A. Roviello, and P. Maddalena, “Light-induced spiral mass transport in azo-polymer films under vortex-beam illumination,” Nat Commun3, 989 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Nature

R. H. Berg, S. Hvilsted, and P. S. Ramanujam, “Peptide oligomers for holographic data storage,” Nature383(6600), 505–508 (1996). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

J. Janousek, S. Johansson, P. Tidemand-Lichtenberg, S. Wang, J. L. Mortensen, P. Buchhave, and F. Laurell, “Efficient all solid-state continuous-wave yellow-orange light source,” Opt. Express13(4), 1188–1192 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys.

C. Manzo, D. Paparo, and L. Marrucci, “Photoinduced random molecular reorientation by nonradiative energy relaxation: an experimental test,” Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys.70(5), 051702 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

SIAM J. Math. Anal.

D. Henao and A. Majumdar, “Symmetry of uniaxial global Landau-de Gennes minimizers in the theory of nematic liquid crystals,” SIAM J. Math. Anal.44(5), 3217–3241 (2012). [CrossRef]

Other

L. Nikolova and P. S. Ramanujam, Polarization Holography (Cambridge University Press, 2009).

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