High-power arrays of quantum cascade laser master-oscillator power-amplifiers

doi:10.1364/OE.21.004518

High-power arrays of quantum cascade laser master-oscillator power-amplifiers

Patrick Rauter, Stefan Menzel, Anish K. Goyal, Christine A. Wang, Antonio Sanchez, George Turner, and Federico Capasso »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 21, Issue 4, pp. 4518-4530 (2013)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.004518

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Abstract

We report on multi-wavelength arrays of master-oscillator power-amplifier quantum cascade lasers operating at wavelengths between 9.2 and 9.8 μm. All elements of the high-performance array feature longitudinal (spectral) as well as transverse single-mode emission at peak powers between 2.7 and 10 W at room temperature. The performance of two arrays that are based on different seed-section designs is thoroughly studied and compared. High output power and excellent beam quality render the arrays highly suitable for stand-off spectroscopy applications.

OCIS Codes
(140.3280) Lasers and laser optics : Laser amplifiers
(140.5965) Lasers and laser optics : Semiconductor lasers, quantum cascade

ToC Category:
Lasers and Laser Optics

History
Original Manuscript: December 21, 2012
Revised Manuscript: February 1, 2013
Manuscript Accepted: February 4, 2013
Published: February 13, 2013

Citation
Patrick Rauter, Stefan Menzel, Anish K. Goyal, Christine A. Wang, Antonio Sanchez, George Turner, and Federico Capasso, "High-power arrays of quantum cascade laser master-oscillator power-amplifiers," Opt. Express 21, 4518-4530 (2013)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-21-4-4518

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References

J. Faist, F. Capasso, D. L. Sivco, C. Sirtori, A. L. Hutchinson, and A. Y. Cho, “Quantum cascade laser,” Science264(5158), 553–556 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. Gmachl, F. Capasso, D. L. Sivco, and A. Y. Cho, “Recent progress in quantum cascade lasers and applications,” Rep. Prog. Phys.64(11), 1533–1601 (2001). [CrossRef]
A. K. Goyal, M. Spencer, M. Kelly, J. Costa, M. DiLiberto, E. Meyer, and T. Jeys, “Active infrared multispectral imaging of chemicals on surfaces,” Proc. SPIE8018, 80180N, 80180N-11 (2011). [CrossRef]
C. A. Kendziora, R. M. Jones, R. Furstenberg, M. Papantonakis, V. Nguyen, and R. A. McGill, “Infrared photothermal imaging for standoff detection applications,” Proc. SPIE8373, 83732H, 83732H-10 (2012). [CrossRef]
K. Degreif, S. Rademacher, P. Dasheva, F. Fuchs, S. Hugger, F. Schnürer, and W. Schweikert, “Stand-off explosive detection on surfaces using multispectral MIR-imaging,” Proc. SPIE7945, 79450P, 79450P-8 (2011). [CrossRef]
For a review on external cavity QCLs see:A. Hugi, R. Maulini, and J. Faist, “External cavity quantum cascade laser,” Semicond. Sci. Technol.25(8), 083001 (2010). [CrossRef]
B. G. Lee, M. A. Belkin, C. Pflügl, L. Diehl, H. A. Zhang, R. M. Audet, J. MacArthur, D. P. Bour, S. W. Corzine, G. E. Höfler, and F. Capasso, “DFB quantum cascade laser arrays,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.45(5), 554–565 (2009). [CrossRef]
E. Mujagic, C. Schwarzer, Y. Yao, J. Chen, C. Gmachl, and G. Strasser, “Two-dimensional broadband distributed-feedback quantum cascade laser arrays,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98(14), 141101 (2011). [CrossRef]
Q. Y. Lu, Y. Bai, N. Bandyopadhyay, S. Slivken, and M. Razeghi, “2.4 W room temperature continuous wave operation of distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98(18), 181106 (2011). [CrossRef]
H. Zhang, A. Seetharaman, P. Johnson, G. Luo, and H. Q. Le, “High-gain low-noise mid-infrared quantum cascade optical preamplifier for receiver,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.17(1), 13–15 (2005). [CrossRef]
D. F. Welch, D. Mehuys, R. Parke, R. Waarts, D. Scifres, and W. Streifer, “Coherent operation of monolithically integrated master oscillator amplifiers,” Electron. Lett.26(17), 1327–1329 (1990). [CrossRef]
H. Wenzel, K. Paschke, O. Brox, F. Bugge, J. Fricke, A. Ginolas, A. Knauer, P. Ressel, and G. Erbert, “10W continuous-wave monolithically integrated master-oscillator power-amplifier,” Electron. Lett.43(3), 160–161 (2007). [CrossRef]
M. Troccoli, C. Gmachl, F. Capasso, D. L. Sivco, and A. Y. Cho, “Mid-infrared (λ~7.4µm) quantum cascade laser amplifier for high power single-mode emission and improved beam quality,” Appl. Phys. Lett.80(22), 4103–4105 (2002). [CrossRef]
S. Menzel, L. Diehl, C. Pflügl, A. Goyal, C. Wang, A. Sanchez, G. Turner, and F. Capasso, “Quantum cascade laser master-oscillator power-amplifier with 1.5 W output power at 300 K,” Opt. Express19(17), 16229–16235 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
P. Rauter, S. Menzel, A. K. Goyal, B. Gökden, C. A. Wang, A. Sanchez, G. Turner, and F. Capasso, “Master-oscillator power-amplifier quantum cascade laser array,” Appl. Phys. Lett.101(26), 261117 (2012). [CrossRef]
A. Wittmann, T. Gresch, E. Gini, L. Hvozdara, N. Hoyler, M. Giovannini, and J. Faist, “High-performance bound-to-continuum quantum-cascade laser for broad-gain applications,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.44(1), 36–40 (2008). [CrossRef]
C. Pflügl, W. Schrenk, S. Anders, and G. Strasser, “Spectral dynamics of distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers,” Semicond. Sci. Technol.19(4), S336–S338 (2004). [CrossRef]
A. Yariv and P. Yeh, Photonics: Optical Electronics in Modern Communications, 6th ed. (Oxford University Press, 2006), Chap. 16.
A. K. Goyal, M. Spencer, O. Shatrovoy, B. G. Lee, L. Diehl, C. Pfluegl, A. Sanchez, and F. Capasso, “Dispersion-compensated wavelength beam combining of quantum-cascade-laser arrays,” Opt. Express19(27), 26725–26732 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
K. Utaka, S. Akiba, K. Sakai, and Y. Matsushima, “λ/4-shifted InGaAsP/InP DFB lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.22(7), 1042–1051 (1986). [CrossRef]
M. Usami, S. Akiba, and K. Utaka, “Asymmetric λ/4-shifted InGaAsP/InP DFB lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.23(6), 815–821 (1987). [CrossRef]
G. Morthier and P. Vankenwinkelberge, “Handbook of distributed feedback laser diodes” (Artech House, 1997).

Akiba, S.
Anders, S.
Audet, R. M.
Bai, Y.
Bandyopadhyay, N.
Belkin, M. A.
Bour, D. P.
Brox, O.
Bugge, F.
Capasso, F.
Chen, J.
Cho, A. Y.
Corzine, S. W.
Costa, J.
Dasheva, P.
Degreif, K.
Diehl, L.
DiLiberto, M.
Erbert, G.
Faist, J.
Fricke, J.
Fuchs, F.
Furstenberg, R.
Gini, E.
Ginolas, A.
Giovannini, M.
Gmachl, C.
Gökden, B.
Goyal, A.
Goyal, A. K.
Gresch, T.
Höfler, G. E.
Hoyler, N.
Hugger, S.
Hugi, A.
Hutchinson, A. L.
Hvozdara, L.
Jeys, T.
Johnson, P.
Jones, R. M.
Kelly, M.
Kendziora, C. A.
Knauer, A.
Le, H. Q.
Lee, B. G.
Lu, Q. Y.
Luo, G.
MacArthur, J.
Matsushima, Y.
Maulini, R.
McGill, R. A.
Mehuys, D.
Menzel, S.
Meyer, E.
Mujagic, E.
Nguyen, V.
Papantonakis, M.
Parke, R.
Paschke, K.
Pfluegl, C.
Pflügl, C.
Rademacher, S.
Rauter, P.
Razeghi, M.
Ressel, P.
Sakai, K.
Sanchez, A.
Schnürer, F.
Schrenk, W.
Schwarzer, C.
Schweikert, W.
Scifres, D.
Seetharaman, A.
Shatrovoy, O.
Sirtori, C.
Sivco, D. L.
Slivken, S.
Spencer, M.
Strasser, G.
Streifer, W.
Troccoli, M.
Turner, G.
Usami, M.
Utaka, K.
Waarts, R.
Wang, C.
Wang, C. A.
Welch, D. F.
Wenzel, H.
Wittmann, A.
Yao, Y.
Zhang, H.
Zhang, H. A.

Appl. Phys. Lett.

E. Mujagic, C. Schwarzer, Y. Yao, J. Chen, C. Gmachl, and G. Strasser, “Two-dimensional broadband distributed-feedback quantum cascade laser arrays,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98(14), 141101 (2011). [CrossRef]
Q. Y. Lu, Y. Bai, N. Bandyopadhyay, S. Slivken, and M. Razeghi, “2.4 W room temperature continuous wave operation of distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98(18), 181106 (2011). [CrossRef]
M. Troccoli, C. Gmachl, F. Capasso, D. L. Sivco, and A. Y. Cho, “Mid-infrared (λ~7.4µm) quantum cascade laser amplifier for high power single-mode emission and improved beam quality,” Appl. Phys. Lett.80(22), 4103–4105 (2002). [CrossRef]
P. Rauter, S. Menzel, A. K. Goyal, B. Gökden, C. A. Wang, A. Sanchez, G. Turner, and F. Capasso, “Master-oscillator power-amplifier quantum cascade laser array,” Appl. Phys. Lett.101(26), 261117 (2012). [CrossRef]

Electron. Lett.

D. F. Welch, D. Mehuys, R. Parke, R. Waarts, D. Scifres, and W. Streifer, “Coherent operation of monolithically integrated master oscillator amplifiers,” Electron. Lett.26(17), 1327–1329 (1990). [CrossRef]
H. Wenzel, K. Paschke, O. Brox, F. Bugge, J. Fricke, A. Ginolas, A. Knauer, P. Ressel, and G. Erbert, “10W continuous-wave monolithically integrated master-oscillator power-amplifier,” Electron. Lett.43(3), 160–161 (2007). [CrossRef]

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

A. Wittmann, T. Gresch, E. Gini, L. Hvozdara, N. Hoyler, M. Giovannini, and J. Faist, “High-performance bound-to-continuum quantum-cascade laser for broad-gain applications,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.44(1), 36–40 (2008). [CrossRef]
B. G. Lee, M. A. Belkin, C. Pflügl, L. Diehl, H. A. Zhang, R. M. Audet, J. MacArthur, D. P. Bour, S. W. Corzine, G. E. Höfler, and F. Capasso, “DFB quantum cascade laser arrays,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.45(5), 554–565 (2009). [CrossRef]
K. Utaka, S. Akiba, K. Sakai, and Y. Matsushima, “λ/4-shifted InGaAsP/InP DFB lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.22(7), 1042–1051 (1986). [CrossRef]
M. Usami, S. Akiba, and K. Utaka, “Asymmetric λ/4-shifted InGaAsP/InP DFB lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.23(6), 815–821 (1987). [CrossRef]

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

H. Zhang, A. Seetharaman, P. Johnson, G. Luo, and H. Q. Le, “High-gain low-noise mid-infrared quantum cascade optical preamplifier for receiver,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.17(1), 13–15 (2005). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

Proc. SPIE

A. K. Goyal, M. Spencer, M. Kelly, J. Costa, M. DiLiberto, E. Meyer, and T. Jeys, “Active infrared multispectral imaging of chemicals on surfaces,” Proc. SPIE8018, 80180N, 80180N-11 (2011). [CrossRef]
C. A. Kendziora, R. M. Jones, R. Furstenberg, M. Papantonakis, V. Nguyen, and R. A. McGill, “Infrared photothermal imaging for standoff detection applications,” Proc. SPIE8373, 83732H, 83732H-10 (2012). [CrossRef]
K. Degreif, S. Rademacher, P. Dasheva, F. Fuchs, S. Hugger, F. Schnürer, and W. Schweikert, “Stand-off explosive detection on surfaces using multispectral MIR-imaging,” Proc. SPIE7945, 79450P, 79450P-8 (2011). [CrossRef]

Rep. Prog. Phys.

C. Gmachl, F. Capasso, D. L. Sivco, and A. Y. Cho, “Recent progress in quantum cascade lasers and applications,” Rep. Prog. Phys.64(11), 1533–1601 (2001). [CrossRef]

Science

J. Faist, F. Capasso, D. L. Sivco, C. Sirtori, A. L. Hutchinson, and A. Y. Cho, “Quantum cascade laser,” Science264(5158), 553–556 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Semicond. Sci. Technol.

For a review on external cavity QCLs see:A. Hugi, R. Maulini, and J. Faist, “External cavity quantum cascade laser,” Semicond. Sci. Technol.25(8), 083001 (2010). [CrossRef]
C. Pflügl, W. Schrenk, S. Anders, and G. Strasser, “Spectral dynamics of distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers,” Semicond. Sci. Technol.19(4), S336–S338 (2004). [CrossRef]

Other

A. Yariv and P. Yeh, Photonics: Optical Electronics in Modern Communications, 6th ed. (Oxford University Press, 2006), Chap. 16.
G. Morthier and P. Vankenwinkelberge, “Handbook of distributed feedback laser diodes” (Artech House, 1997).

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