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Spectral engineering by Gaussian phase-matching for quantum photonicsP. Ben Dixon, Jeffrey H. Shapiro, and Franco N. C. Wong »View Author Affiliations
P. Ben Dixon,
Jeffrey H. Shapiro,
and Franco N. C. Wong
Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA *Corresponding author: bendixon@mit.edu |
Optics Express, Vol. 21, Issue 5, pp. 5879-5890 (2013)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.005879
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Abstract
We demonstrate Gaussian-shaped phase matching of a periodically-poled potassium titanyl phosphate (PPKTP) crystal by imposing a custom duty-cycle pattern on its grating structure while keeping the grating period fixed. The PPKTP’s phase-matching characteristics are verified through optical difference-frequency generation measurements, showing good agreement with expected values based on our design parameters. Our theoretical analysis predicts that under extended phase-matching conditions the custom-poled PPKTP crystal is capable of generating heralded single photons with a spectral purity of 97%, and can reach as high as 99.5% with gentle spectral filtering, something that is highly desirable for photonic quantum information processing applications.
© 2013 OSA
OCIS Codes
(190.4410) Nonlinear optics : Nonlinear optics, parametric processes
(270.5585) Quantum optics : Quantum information and processing
ToC Category:
Quantum Optics
History
Original Manuscript: December 21, 2012
Revised Manuscript: February 21, 2013
Manuscript Accepted: February 21, 2013
Published: March 1, 2013
Citation
P. Ben Dixon, Jeffrey H. Shapiro, and Franco N. C. Wong, "Spectral engineering by Gaussian phase-matching for quantum photonics," Opt. Express 21, 5879-5890 (2013)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-21-5-5879
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References
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- A. Muller, W. Fang, J. Lawall, and G. S. Solomon, “Creating polarization-entangled photon pairs from a semiconductor quantum dot using the optical stark effect,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103, 217402 (2009). [CrossRef]
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- M. B. Nasr, S. Carrasco, B. E. A. Saleh, A. V. Sergienko, M. C. Teich, J. P. Torres, L. Torner, D. S. Hum, and M. M. Fejer, “Ultrabroadband biphotons generated via chirped quasi-phase-matched optical parametric down-conversion,” Phys. Rev. Lett.100, 183601 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. A. Arbore, A. Galvanauskas, D. Harter, M. H. Chou, and M. M. Fejer, “Engineerable compression of ultrashort pulses by use of second-harmonic generation in chirped-period-poled lithium niobate,” Opt. Lett.22, 1341–1343 (1997). [CrossRef]
- O. Kuzucu, M. Fiorentino, M. A. Albota, F. N. C. Wong, and F. X. Kärtner, “Two-Photon Coincident-Frequency Entanglement via Extended Phase Matching,” Phys. Rev. Lett.94, 083601 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- T. Gerrits, M. J. Stevens, B. Baek, B. Calkins, A. Lita, S. Glancy, E. Knill, S. W. Nam, R. P. Mirin, R. H. Hadfield, R. S. Bennink, W. P. Grice, S. Dorenbos, T. Zijlstra, T. Klapwijk, and V. Zwiller, “Generation of degenerate, factorizable, pulsed squeezed light at telecom wavelengths,” Opt. Express19, 24434–24447 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- V. Giovannetti, L. Maccone, J. H. Shapiro, and F. N. C. Wong, “Extended phase-matching conditions for improved entanglement generation,” Phys. Rev. A66, 043813 (2002). [CrossRef]
- V. Giovannetti, L. Maccone, J. H. Shapiro, and F. N. C. Wong, “Generating entangled two-photon states with coincident frequencies,” Phys. Rev. Lett.88, 183602 (2002).
- M. Halder, A. Beveratos, N. Gisin, V. Scarani, C. Simon, and H. Zbinden, “Entangling independent photons by time measurement,” Nat. Phys.3, 692–695 (2007). [CrossRef]
- T. Gerrits, M. J. Stevens, B. Baek, B. Calkins, A. Lita, S. Glancy, E. Knill, S. W. Nam, R. P. Mirin, R. H. Hadfield, R. S. Bennink, W. P. Grice, S. Dorenbos, T. Zijlstra, T. Klapwijk, and V. Zwiller, “Generation of degenerate, factorizable, pulsed squeezed light at telecom wavelengths,” Opt. Express19, 24434–24447 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Peyronel, O. Firstenberg, Q.-Y. Liang, S. Hoffenberth, A. V. Gorshkov, T. Pohl, M. D. Lukin, and V. Vuletić, “Quantum nonlinear optics with single photons enabled by strongly interacting atoms,” Nature488, 57–60 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Erdmann, D. Branning, W. Grice, and I. A. Walmsley, “Restoring dispersion cancellation for entangled photons produced by ultrashort pulses,” Phys. Rev. A62, 053810 (2000). [CrossRef]
- T. Gerrits, M. J. Stevens, B. Baek, B. Calkins, A. Lita, S. Glancy, E. Knill, S. W. Nam, R. P. Mirin, R. H. Hadfield, R. S. Bennink, W. P. Grice, S. Dorenbos, T. Zijlstra, T. Klapwijk, and V. Zwiller, “Generation of degenerate, factorizable, pulsed squeezed light at telecom wavelengths,” Opt. Express19, 24434–24447 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Science
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2012, Aspuru-Guzik, Nat. Phys.
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- T. Peyronel, O. Firstenberg, Q.-Y. Liang, S. Hoffenberth, A. V. Gorshkov, T. Pohl, M. D. Lukin, and V. Vuletić, “Quantum nonlinear optics with single photons enabled by strongly interacting atoms,” Nature488, 57–60 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Pomarico, B. Sanguinetti, C. I. Osorio, H. Herrmann, and R. T. Thew, “Engineering integrated pure narrow-band photon sources,” New J. Phys.14, 033008 (2012). [CrossRef]
- R. Rangarajan, L. E. Vicent, A. B. U’Ren, and P. G. Kwiat, “Engineering an ideal indistinguishable photon-pair source for optical quantum information processing,” J. Mod. Opt.58, 318–327 (2011). [CrossRef]
- T. Gerrits, M. J. Stevens, B. Baek, B. Calkins, A. Lita, S. Glancy, E. Knill, S. W. Nam, R. P. Mirin, R. H. Hadfield, R. S. Bennink, W. P. Grice, S. Dorenbos, T. Zijlstra, T. Klapwijk, and V. Zwiller, “Generation of degenerate, factorizable, pulsed squeezed light at telecom wavelengths,” Opt. Express19, 24434–24447 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y.-P. Huang, J. B. Altepeter, and P. Kumar, “Heralding single photons without spectral factorability,” Phys. Rev. A82, 043826 (2010). [CrossRef]
- R. S. Bennink, “Optimal collinear Gaussian beams for spontaneous parametric down-conversion,” Phys. Rev. A81, 053805 (2010). [CrossRef]
- O. Cohen, J. S. Lundeen, B. J. Smith, G. Puentes, P. J. Mosley, and I. A. Walmsley, “Tailored photon-pair generation in optical fibers,” Phys. Rev. Lett.102, 123603 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Kaltenbaek, R. Prevedel, M. Aspelmeyer, and A. Zeilinger, “High-fidelity entanglement swapping with fully independent sources,” Phys. Rev. A79, 040302 (2009). [CrossRef]
- A. Muller, W. Fang, J. Lawall, and G. S. Solomon, “Creating polarization-entangled photon pairs from a semiconductor quantum dot using the optical stark effect,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103, 217402 (2009). [CrossRef]
- O. Kuzucu, F. N. C. Wong, S. Kurimura, and S. Tovstonog, “Joint temporal density measurements for two-photon state characterization,” Phys. Rev. Lett.101, 153602 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. J. Mosley, J. S. Lundeen, B. J. Smith, P. Wasylczyk, A. B. U’Ren, C. Silberhorn, and I. A. Walmsley, “Heralded generation of ultrafast single photons in pure quantum states,” Phys. Rev. Lett.100, 133601 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. J. Mosley, J. S. Lundeen, B. J. Smith, and I. A. Walmsley, “Conditional preparation of single photons using parametric downconversion: a recipe for purity,” New J. Phys.10, 093011 (2008). [CrossRef]
- M. B. Nasr, S. Carrasco, B. E. A. Saleh, A. V. Sergienko, M. C. Teich, J. P. Torres, L. Torner, D. S. Hum, and M. M. Fejer, “Ultrabroadband biphotons generated via chirped quasi-phase-matched optical parametric down-conversion,” Phys. Rev. Lett.100, 183601 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Nagata, R. Okamoto, J. L. O’Brien, K. Sasaki, and S. Takeuchi, “Beating the standard quantum limit with four-entangled photons,” Science316, 726–729 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Halder, A. Beveratos, N. Gisin, V. Scarani, C. Simon, and H. Zbinden, “Entangling independent photons by time measurement,” Nat. Phys.3, 692–695 (2007). [CrossRef]
- R. Kaltenbaek, B. Blauensteiner, M. Żukowski, M. Aspelmeyer, and A. Zeilinger, “Experimental interference of independent photons,” Phys. Rev. Lett.96, 240502 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- I. Ali Khan and J. C. Howell, “Experimental demonstration of high two-photon time-energy entanglement,” Phys. Rev. A73, 031801 (2006). [CrossRef]
- O. Kuzucu, M. Fiorentino, M. A. Albota, F. N. C. Wong, and F. X. Kärtner, “Two-Photon Coincident-Frequency Entanglement via Extended Phase Matching,” Phys. Rev. Lett.94, 083601 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. G. Raymer, J. Noh, K. Banaszek, and I. A. Walmsley, “Pure-state single-photon wave-packet generation by parametric down-conversion in a distributed microcavity,” Phys. Rev. A72, 023825 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. B. U’Ren, C. Silberhorn, R. Erdmann, K. Banaszek, W. P. Grice, I. A. Walmsley, and M. G. Raymer, “Generation of pure-state single-photon wavepackets by conditional preparation based on spontaneous parametric downconversion,” Las. Phys.15, 146 (2005).
- V. Giovannetti, S. Lloyd, and L. Maccone, “Quantum-enhanced measurements: Beating the standard quantum limit,” Science306, 1330–1336 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. K. Law and J. H. Eberly, “Analysis and interpretation of high transverse entanglement in optical parametric down conversion,” Phys. Rev. Lett.92, 127903 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. König and F. N. C. Wong, “Extended phase matching of second-harmonic generation in periodically poled KTiOPO4 with zero group-velocity mismatch,” Appl. Phys. Lett.84, 1644–1646 (2004). [CrossRef]
- V. Giovannetti, L. Maccone, J. H. Shapiro, and F. N. C. Wong, “Extended phase-matching conditions for improved entanglement generation,” Phys. Rev. A66, 043813 (2002). [CrossRef]
- P. Kok, H. Lee, and J. P. Dowling, “Creation of large-photon-number path entanglement conditioned on photodetection,” Phys. Rev. A65, 052104 (2002). [CrossRef]
- W. P. Grice, A. B. U’Ren, and I. A. Walmsley, “Eliminating frequency and space-time correlations in multiphoton states,” Phys. Rev. A64, 063815 (2001). [CrossRef]
- R. Erdmann, D. Branning, W. Grice, and I. A. Walmsley, “Restoring dispersion cancellation for entangled photons produced by ultrashort pulses,” Phys. Rev. A62, 053810 (2000). [CrossRef]
- C. K. Law, I. A. Walmsley, and J. H. Eberly, “Continuous frequency entanglement: Effective finite Hilbert space and entropy control,” Phys. Rev. Lett.84, 5304–5307 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. Fradkin, A. Arie, A. Skliar, and G. Rosenman, “Tunable midinfrared source by difference frequency generation in bulk periodically poled KTiOPO4,” Appl. Phys. Lett.74, 914–916 (1999). [CrossRef]
- S. Popescu and D. Rohrlich, “Thermodynamics and the measure of entanglement,” Phys. Rev. A56, R3319–R3321 (1997). [CrossRef]
- M. Fejer, G. Magel, D. Jundt, and R. Byer, “Quasi-phase-matched second harmonic generation: tuning and tolerances,” IEEE J. Quant.Electron.28, 2631–2654 (1992). [CrossRef]
- C. K. Hong, Z. Y. Ou, and L. Mandel, “Measurement of subpicosecond time intervals between two photons by interference,” Phys. Rev. Lett.59, 2044–2046 (1987). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. K. Hong and L. Mandel, “Theory of parametric frequency down conversion of light,” Phys. Rev. A31, 2409–2418 (1985). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- V. Giovannetti, L. Maccone, J. H. Shapiro, and F. N. C. Wong, “Generating entangled two-photon states with coincident frequencies,” Phys. Rev. Lett.88, 183602 (2002).
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