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Experimental measurements of a prototype high concentration Fresnel lens CPV module for the harvesting of diffuse solar radiation

Noboru Yamada and Kazuya Okamoto

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

A prototype concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) module with high solar concentration, an added low-cost solar cell, and an adjoining multi-junction solar cell is fabricated and experimentally demonstrated. In the present CPV module, the low cost solar cell captures diffuse solar radiation penetrating the concentrator lens and the multi-junction cell captures concentrated direct solar radiation. On-sun test results show that the electricity generated by a Fresnel lens-based CPV module with an additional crystalline silicon solar cell is greater than that for a conventional CPV module by a factor of 1.44 when the mean ratio of diffuse normal irradiation to global normal irradiation at the module aperture is 0.4. Several fundamental optical characteristics are presented for the present module.

© 2013 Optical Society of America

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Figures (8)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Optical configuration of a high concentration CPV module harvesting diffuse solar radiation [3].

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Image of Fresnel-lens CPV module with additional low-cost solar cells.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 (a) Schematic diagram of the test module. (b) Photograph of Si solar cell and triple-junction cell. Mirrors are not shown.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Time variation of the measured Pmax for the test module (outdoor test).

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Relationship between short circuit current ratio of the built-in Si cell in the test module to the reference Si cell mounted on the same two-axis solar tracker. Short circuit current of the reference cell is corrected by γ.

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Fig. 6
Fig. 6 Improvement factor vs. diffuse-to-total ratio for τ = 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0.

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Fig. 7
Fig. 7 Simulation of the boosted generated electricity ΔP vs. the diffuse-to-total ratio.

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Fig. 8
Fig. 8 Effect of CSR on local concentration distribution for a built-in low cost cell with and without tracking angle error. The inset shows the angular solar intensity profile based on the literature [9]. The full spectrum analysis is based on AM1.5D + circumsolar standard solar spectrum and the optical properties of PMMA.

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Equations (6)

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η CPV+ = η opt_CPV η cell_CPV DNI+ η opt_PV η cell_PV (GNI−DNI) GNI ,
η CPV = η opt_CPV η cell_CPV DNI GNI .
f= η CPV+ − η CPV η CPV = η opt_PV η cell_PV η opt_CPV η cell_CPV GNI−DNI DNI .
f= γ τ( 1−γ ) ,
τ= η opt_CPV η cell_CPV η opt_PV η cell_PV ,
γ= GNI−DNI GNI .
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