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Design of a high efficiency ultrathin CdS/CdTe solar cell using back surface field and backside distributed Bragg reflector

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Abstract

A high efficiency CdS/CdTe solar cell was designed with a reduced CdTe absorber-layer thickness and a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) as an optical reflector and a ZnTe layer as back surface field (BSF) layer. Simulation results showed that with combination of DBR and BSF layers and 0.3 µm thick CdTe, the conversion efficiency was increased about 3.2% as compared with a reference cell (with 4 µm thick CdTe layer). It was also shown that the efficiency can be increased up to 6.02% by using a long carrier lifetime in the absorber layer. Under global AM 1.5G conditions, the proposed cell structure had an open-circuit voltage of 1.062 V, a short-circuit current density of 24.64 mA/cm2, and a fill factor of 81.3%, corresponding to a total area conversion efficiency of 21.02%.

© 2014 Optical Society of America

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Figures (12)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Configuration of the reference cell structure [4].
Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Refractive index for different materials.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Extinction coefficient for different materials.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Schematic structure of the ultrathin cell with BSF layer.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Calculated band diagram of the proposed cell with bias.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6 The DBR structure in ultrathin CdS/CdTe cell.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7 Reflective spectra of the DBR structure.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8 Absorbance spectra of the DBR structure.
Fig. 9
Fig. 9 The Proposed structure with DBR on the back side of ZnO transparent contact.
Fig. 10
Fig. 10 Current density and power output of the CdS/CdTe solar cell for four structures at 1 sun AM 1.5G illumination for reference cell, ultrathin cell with BSF layer, ultrathin cell with DBR and BSF layers, and ultrathin cell with DBR and BSF layer with longer carrier lifetimes in the CdTe layer.
Fig. 11
Fig. 11 QE spectrum for the cells with and without back contacted DBR.
Fig. 12
Fig. 12 Basic parameters of the cell as a function of the CdTe layer’s carrier lifetime.

Tables (3)

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Table 1 Comparison between the Characteristics of the Reference Cell [4] and the Simulated Cell

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Table 2 Best Physical Parameters [24]

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Table 3 Output Parameters of the Reference and Different Simulated Cells

Equations (1)

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V OC = nkT q ln( J SC J o +1)
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