OSA's Digital Library

Optics Express

Optics Express

  • Editor: C. Martijn de Sterke
  • Vol. 18, Iss. 15 — Jul. 19, 2010
  • pp: 16096–16101

Optics InfoBase > Optics Express > Volume 18 > Issue 15 > Page 16096

« Show journal navigation

Generation of 30-fs ultraviolet pulses by four-wave optical parametric chirped pulse amplification

J. Darginavicius, G. Tamošauskas, A. Piskarskas, and A. Dubietis  »View Author Affiliations


Optics Express, Vol. 18, Issue 15, pp. 16096-16101 (2010)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.016096


View Full Text Article

Acrobat PDF (1001 KB)


Advanced Search

Browse Journals / Lookup Meetings

Browse by Journal and Year


   


Lookup Conference Papers

Close Browse Journals / Lookup Meetings

Article Tools

Share
Citations

Abstract

We report on the generation of ~ 30-fs ultraviolet pulses with ~ 10 µJ energy by means of four-wave optical parametric chirped pulse amplification in fused silica. The four-wave optical parametric amplifier is pumped by the second-harmonic of the Ti:sapphire laser and is seeded by visible broadband chirped signal pulses. The idler pulses are produced in the ultraviolet by four-wave mixing and are compressed in a medium with normal group velocity dispersion.

© 2010 Optical Society of America

1. Introduction

Ultrashort ultraviolet (UV) pulses are demanded for many applications in material processing and ultrafast spectroscopy [1

P. Simon, J. Bekesi, C. Dölle, J. H. Klein-Wiele, G. Marowsky, S. Szatmari, and B. Wellegehausen, “Ultraviolet femtosecond pulses: Key technology for sub-micron machining and efficient XUV pulse generation,” Appl. Phys. B 74, S189–S192 (2002). [CrossRef]

, 2

I. V. Hertel and V. Radloff, “Ultrafast dynamics in isolated molecules and molecular clusters,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 69, 1987–2003 (2006). [CrossRef]

]. Efficient generation of tunable < 50 fs ultraviolet pulses is a non-trivial task. The most straightforward way for tunable femtosecond UV pulse generation relies on the frequency doubling or sum-frequency conversion of the ultrashort light pulses provided by the optical parametric amplifiers operating in the visible and near infrared [3

L. D. Ziegler, J. Morais, Y. Zhou, S. Constantine, M. K. Reed, M. K. Steiner-Shepard, and D. Lommel, “Tunable 50-fs pulse generation in the 250–310-nm ultraviolet range,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 1758–1764 (1998). [CrossRef]

, 4

A. Kummrow, M. Wittmann, F. Tschirschwitz, G. Korn, and E. T. J. Nibbering, “Femtosecond ultraviolet pulses generated using noncollinear optical parametric amplification and sum frequency mixing,” Appl. Phys. B 71, 885–887 (2000).

]. However, the frequency conversion efficiency in most cases does not exceed 20% and drops down notably, when the pulse duration approaches 10 fs. Therefore typical energy of tunable femtosecond UV pulses of around several µJ is routinely achieved. The frequency conversion process is difficult to optimize because of large group velocity mismatch and group velocity dispersion, which in turn restrict achieving broadband phase matching over wide frequency band. Various modifications of the achromatic phase-matching technique, such as pulse front tilting and pulse chirping, help to solve broadband phase-matching issues, but on the other hand, require complex experimental setups [5–8

I. Z. Kozma, P. Baum, S. Lochbrunner, and E. Riedle, “Widely tunable sub-30 fs ultraviolet pulses by chirped sum frequency mixing,” Opt. Express 11, 3110–3115 (2003), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-11-23-3110. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

]. The UV pulse energy might be improved using frequency doubling of high-energy noncollinear optical parametric amplifier (NOPA) [9

M. Beutler, M. Ghotbi, F. Noack, D. Brida, C. Manzoni, and G. Cerullo, “Generation of high-energy sub-20 fs pulses tunable in the 250–310 nm region by frequency doubling of a high-power noncollinear optical parametric amplifier,” Opt. Lett. 34, 10–712 (2009). [CrossRef]

], however, commercial devices routinely deliver much lower energy output [10

TOPAS-white data sheet, Light Conversion Ltd., www.lightcon.com.

].

There are several alternatives for ultraviolet pulse generation. The first considers direct optical parametric amplification of the ultraviolet pulses [11

P. Tzankov, T. Fiebig, and I. Buchvarov, “Tunable femtosecond pulses in the near-ultraviolet from ultrabroadband parametric amplification,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 517–519 (2003). [CrossRef]

]. The energy scaling could be readily achieved by employing the optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA [12

A. Dubietis, G. Jonušauskas, and A. Piskarskas, “Powerful femtosecond pulse generation by chirped and stretched pulse parametric amplification in BBO crystal,” Opt. Commun. 88, 437–440 (1992). [CrossRef]

]) technique [13

P. Wnuk, Y. Stepanenko, and C. Radziewicz, “High gain broadband amplification of ultraviolet pulses in optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier,” Opt. Express 18, 7911–7916 (2010), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-8-7911. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

]. Here, however, intense ultraviolet pumping causes problems related to strong nonlinear absorption and transient thermal effects occurring in the nonlinear crystal. The second alternative considers non-resonant four-wave parametric interactions in gases, either in the guided wave [14

C. G. Durfee III, S. Backus, M. M. Murnane, and H. C. Kapteyn, “Ultrabroadband phase-matched optical parametric generation in the ultraviolet by use of guided waves,” Opt. Lett. 22, 1565–1567 (1997). [CrossRef]

, 15

A. Jailaubekov and S. E. Bradforth, “Tunable 30-femtosecond pulses across the deep ultraviolet,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 021107 (2005). [CrossRef]

], or in the filamentation regime [16

T. Fuji, T. Horyo, and T. Suzuki, “Generation of 12 fs deep-ultraviolet pulses by four-wave mixing through filamentation in neon gas,” Opt. Lett. 32, 2481–2483 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

], where many issues related to high material dispersion and nonlinear absorption could be circumvented. These methods offer a wide choice of achievable wavelengths, and more recently, generation of sub-50-fs vacuum UV pulses in argon has been demonstrated [17

M. Beutler, M. Ghotbi, F. Noack, and I. V. Hertel, “Generation of sub-50-fs vacuum ultraviolet pulses by four-wave mixing in argon,” Opt. Lett. 35, 1491–1493 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

]. To this end, the use of four-wave parametric interactions in transparent isotropic solid-state media, which have larger dispersion, but also have much greater cubic nonlinearity, could be considered as well. Indeed, energy limitations inherent to stable guided wave propagation, could be overcome using elliptical beams [18

A. Dubietis, G. Tamošauskas, P. Polesana, G. Valiulis, H. Valtna, D. Faccio, P. Di Trapani, and A. Piskarskas, “Highly efficient four-wave parametric amplification in transparent bulk Kerr medium,” Opt. Express 15, 11126–11132 (2007), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-15-18-11126. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

]. Phase-matched four-wave optical parametric amplification in bulk isotropic media has been recently demonstrated to be capable of supporting broadband amplification of sub-10 fs pulses in the visible [19

H. Valtna, G. Tamošauskas, A. Dubietis, and A. Piskarskas, “High-energy broadband four-wave optical parametric amplification in bulk fused silica,” Opt. Lett. 33, 971–973 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

] and in the ultraviolet [20

J. Darginavičius, G. Tamošauskas, G. Valiulis, and A. Dubietis, “Broadband four-wave optical parametric amplification in bulk isotropic media in the ultraviolet,” Opt. Commun. 282, 2995–2999 (2009). [CrossRef]

], in transparent solids, such as fused silica and CaF2. Recently this method was applied for amplification and compression of the pulses down ~ 12 fs around 500 nm [21

J. Liu, Y. Kida, T. Teramoto, and T. Kobayashi, “Simultaneous compression and amplification of a laser pulse in a glass plate,” Opt. Express 18, 2495–2502 (2010), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-3-2495. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

].

In this Paper, we demonstrate a simple and efficient method for frequency up-conversion of 35-fs visible pulses into ultraviolet via four-wave optical parametric chirped pulse amplification in fused silica.

2. Experimental setup and results

The idea of the experiment is essentially similar to that of a small-scale OPCPA: the visible pulses delivered by a commercial NOPA are chirped and stretched, and then amplified in transparent isotropic medium by the four-wave mixing (FWM) process: ω p + ω p = ω s + ω i, where indexes p, s and i denote pump, signal and idler waves, respectively. The idler pulses at frequency ω i are generated in the UV spectral range: note here, that ω i is the highest frequency in the FWM process. The idler pulses acquire an opposite chirp as compared to that of the seed signal, and therefore are compressed by the propagation in a medium with normal group velocity dispersion. The major benefit of the proposed approach is that instead of conventional frequency upconversion of the NOPA output, FWM allows conversion of the visible pulses into the UV and amplification at the same time.

Fig. 1. Experimental setup. NOPA is the non-collinear optical parametric amplifier, SHG is the second harmonic generator, ATT is the attenuator, CL1, CL2 and CL3 are the cylindrical lenses used for beam manipulation. θ ext denotes the external phase matching angle, θ ext ≈ n(ωs )θ pm.

The experimental setup is sketched in Fig. 1. In the experiment we used a Ti:sapphire laser system consisting of an oscillator (Tsunami, Spectra Physics) and a regenerative amplifier (Spitfire PRO, Spectra Physics). The laser system delivered 130 fs, 3 mJ pulses with central wavelength of 800 nm at 1 kHz repetition rate. The laser output was split into two parts. The first part (0.5 mJ/pulse) was used to pump a commercial three-wave noncollinear optical parametric amplifier, NOPA (Topas White, Light Conversion Ltd.), which was tuned to deliver 35 fs, 5 µJ signal pulses with central wavelength of 560 nm. These pulses were chirped and temporally stretched from 35 fs to 80 fs after propagation in fused silica slab and focusing optics, with total length of 15 mm, and served as a seed for the four-wave optical parametric amplifier (FWOPA). The second part of the laser radiation (2.5 mJ/pulse) was attenuated and made variable in energy by means of the attenuator (λ/2 plate and thin film polarizer) and, after frequency doubling in 0.2-mm-thick BBO crystal cut for type I phase-matching with 40% energy conversion efficiency, served as a pump pulse for the FWOPA. Figure 2 shows the third-order autocorrelation traces of the pump and seed signal pulses, as measured by scanning autocorrelator, which used self-diffraction in 0.6 mm thick fused silica sample.

Fig. 2. Third-order intensity autocorrelation traces of the pump (circles) and seed signal (squares) pulses. The FWHM pulse duration was estimated as τ = τ corr/1.22 assuming Gaussian pulse shape, which is indicated by a Gaussian fit (curves).

The temporal delay between co-polarized pump and seed signal pulses was adjusted using a delay line. The pump and seed signal beams were focused using identical cylindrical lenses CL1 and CL2 (f horizontal=+500 mm; f vertical=∞). Cylindrical focusing geometry allowed to perform four-wave parametric amplification reasonably below the optical damage threshold even with millijoule-level pump energies. The spot sizes (defined at FWHM) of the seed signal and the pump beams on the input face of the amplifying medium were measured as 1.5 mm×45 µm and 1.5 mm×60 µm, respectively. As an amplifying medium we used 1-mm-thick fused silica plate. Our choice of the nonlinear medium was dictated by its wide transparency range, high optical damage threshold and low nonlinear absorption for the wavelengths of interest. The plate thickness was set to be slightly shorter than the group velocity mismatch length between the pump and signal pulses (lps = 1.25 mm), which was calculated with account for noncollinear interaction geometry.

Fig. 3. Phase matching curve for the four wave optical parametric amplification in fused silica pumped with λ p = 400 nm. Wavelength ranges for broadband signal and idler pulses are bolded and indicated by dashed lines. The inset shows the wave vector diagram.

The phase matching curve for fused silica, calculated for plane and monochromatic waves, is depicted in Fig. 3, and the diagram of the interacting wave vectors is shown in the inset. Geometrically, the beams were crossed in the horizontal plane at the phase matching angle θ pm = 6.8°; at the same plane the cylindrical beam focusing was performed, so as to increase the angular spread of the interacting beams and therefore to increase the angular acceptance and phase-matching bandwidth.

In the experiment, energy of the pump pulse was varied up to 0.5 mJ, that yielded maximum focused beam intensity of I max = 5 TW/cm2 and fluence of F max = 0.6 J/cm2, which was two times below the optical damage threshold of fused silica at 400 nm (F th = 1.3 J/cm2 [22

T. Q. Jia, H. X. Chen, M. Huang, F. L. Zhao, X. X. Li, S. Z. Xu, H. Y. Sun, D. H. Feng, C. B. Li, X. F. Wang, R. X. Li, Z. Z. Xu, X. K. He, and H. Kuroda, “Ultraviolet-infrared femtosecond laser-induced damage in fused silica and CaF2 crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 73, 054105 (2006). [CrossRef]

]). At this condition, the highest generated idler pulse energy of E idler = 10 µJ was measured, suggesting 2% pump-to-idler energy conversion efficiency in the gain saturation regime. The obtained energy conversion is quite typical, as compared to that achieved in non-resonant four-wave mixing processes. In our case it was limited mainly by the self-phase modulation of intense pump pulse (the pump pulse spectrum has broadened from 2.5 nm to 4 nm, as estimated at FWHM), which incurs a time-varying phase mismatch [23

A. Penzkofer and H. J. Lehmeier, “Theoretical investigation of noncollinear phase-matched parametric four-photon amplification of ultrashort light pulses in isotropic media,” Opt. Quantum Electron. 25, 815–844 (1993). [CrossRef]

]. On the other hand, it is worth mentioning that the energy conversion could still be improved by increasing the seed signal energy and approaching four-wave difference frequency generation regime [24

J. Darginavičius, G. Tamošauskas, G. Valiulis, and A. Dubietis, “Generation and amplification of ultraviolet light pulses by means of parametric four-wave interactions in transparent solid-state media,” AIP Conf. Proc. 1228, 351–358 (2010). [CrossRef]

].

Fig. 4. Spectra of: (a) seed signal pulse (dashed curve) and amplified signal pulse (solid curve), (b) idler pulse.

Spectra of the seed signal, amplified signal and the generated idler pulses are plotted in Fig. 4. During the four-wave amplification process, the seed signal was amplified by a factor of ~ 2, its spectrum has broadened from 13.4 nm to 15.4 nm (measured at FWHM), and its central wavelength was slightly shifted towards shorter wavelengths [Fig. 4(a)] due to the cross-phase modulation effect induced by the intense pump pulse, which in turn slightly modified the phase-matching condition [20

J. Darginavičius, G. Tamošauskas, G. Valiulis, and A. Dubietis, “Broadband four-wave optical parametric amplification in bulk isotropic media in the ultraviolet,” Opt. Commun. 282, 2995–2999 (2009). [CrossRef]

]. Spectrum of the idler pulse at 310 nm is illustrated in Fig. 4(b) and has FWHM width of 5.2 nm, which suggests the transform-limited pulse duration of 27 fs.

Assuming that the seed signal pulse has a positive chirp (the red-shifted leading edge and the blue-shifted trailing edge) and the pump pulse is weakly positively chirped as a result of the self-phase modulation, the generated idler pulse has a negative chirp, therefore it could be compressed simply by passing through the medium with normal group velocity dispersion (GVD). With GVD coefficient of 146 fs2/mm for fused silica at 310 nm, we estimate that 3-mm-thick fused silica plate is sufficient to compress the idler pulse. 3 mm is exactly the thickness of the beam-reshaping lens CL3, which restores spherical symmetry of the beam (see Fig. 1), hence we expect a fully compressed pulse at the output of our setup. However, the autocorrelator optics (it uses spherical 3-mm-thick fused silica lens for beam focusing) introduces additional amount of the positive dispersion, therefore to optimize the compression of the idler pulse, we used a sequence of two fused silica prisms with 70° apex angle in a double-pass configuration.

Figure 5(a) shows the measured idler pulse duration versus the distance between prisms. The curve serves as a guide for the eye. We note that under our experimental settings (with beam focusing in the phase-matching plane, and assuming the spectral width of the pump pulse) the idler pulse-front tilt, which might be deduced from Fig. 3, was barely detectable and has not altered the results of the correlation measurements. At the optimal compressor length, the shortest pulse of 33 fs was measured, and its third-order autocorrelation trace is presented in Fig. 5(b). We note that the compressed idler pulse quality is reasonably high: its temporal profile is smooth, its shape is almost perfectly Gaussian, as indicated by the Gaussian fit, and its width is just ≈ 1.2 times from the transform limit.

Fig. 5. (a) FWHM duration of the idler pulse versus distance between the prisms. (b) third-order autocorrelation trace of 33-fs idler pulse, measured at the best compression point. Curve shows a Gaussian fit.

3. Conclusions

In conclusion, we have proposed and demonstrated efficient visible-to-ultraviolet frequency conversion method based on chirped-pulse four-wave optical parametric amplification in fused silica, which produces ~ 30 fs, ~ 10 µJ pulses in the UV spectral range. The advantage of our scheme is reasonable overall energy conversion from the laser output to the UV, and simplicity and compactness of the setup. The proposed approach may be easily extended in the tuning range of 280–320 nm, which is ensured by the tuning range of the NOPA signal (530–700 nm) [10

TOPAS-white data sheet, Light Conversion Ltd., www.lightcon.com.

]. Moreover, the phase matching conditions for the four-wave interaction could be fulfilled in the vacuum UV spectral range, using shorter pump wavelength, which might facilitate generation of tunable femtosecond pulses by four-wave difference frequency mixing in transparent wide-bandgap solids, such as MgF2 [24

J. Darginavičius, G. Tamošauskas, G. Valiulis, and A. Dubietis, “Generation and amplification of ultraviolet light pulses by means of parametric four-wave interactions in transparent solid-state media,” AIP Conf. Proc. 1228, 351–358 (2010). [CrossRef]

].

Acknowledgment

The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Research Council of Lithuania (project FORTAS, No. AUT-04/2010).

References and links

1.

P. Simon, J. Bekesi, C. Dölle, J. H. Klein-Wiele, G. Marowsky, S. Szatmari, and B. Wellegehausen, “Ultraviolet femtosecond pulses: Key technology for sub-micron machining and efficient XUV pulse generation,” Appl. Phys. B 74, S189–S192 (2002). [CrossRef]

2.

I. V. Hertel and V. Radloff, “Ultrafast dynamics in isolated molecules and molecular clusters,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 69, 1987–2003 (2006). [CrossRef]

3.

L. D. Ziegler, J. Morais, Y. Zhou, S. Constantine, M. K. Reed, M. K. Steiner-Shepard, and D. Lommel, “Tunable 50-fs pulse generation in the 250–310-nm ultraviolet range,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 1758–1764 (1998). [CrossRef]

4.

A. Kummrow, M. Wittmann, F. Tschirschwitz, G. Korn, and E. T. J. Nibbering, “Femtosecond ultraviolet pulses generated using noncollinear optical parametric amplification and sum frequency mixing,” Appl. Phys. B 71, 885–887 (2000).

5.

I. Z. Kozma, P. Baum, S. Lochbrunner, and E. Riedle, “Widely tunable sub-30 fs ultraviolet pulses by chirped sum frequency mixing,” Opt. Express 11, 3110–3115 (2003), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-11-23-3110. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

6.

Y. Nabekawa and K. Midorikawa, “Group-delay-dispersion-matched sum-frequency mixing for the indirect phase control of deep ultraviolet pulses in the sub-20-fs regime,” Appl. Phys. B 78, 569–581 (2004). [CrossRef]

7.

P. Baum, S. Lochbrunner, and E. Riedle, “Tunable sub-10-fs ultraviolet pulses generated by achromatic frequency doubling,” Opt. Lett. 29, 1686–1688 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

8.

B. Zhao, Y. Jiang, K. Sueda, N. Miyanaga, and T. Kobayashi, “Sub-15 fs ultraviolet pulses generated by achromatic phase-matching sum-frequency mixing,” Opt. Express 17, 17711–17714 (2009), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-17-20-17711. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

9.

M. Beutler, M. Ghotbi, F. Noack, D. Brida, C. Manzoni, and G. Cerullo, “Generation of high-energy sub-20 fs pulses tunable in the 250–310 nm region by frequency doubling of a high-power noncollinear optical parametric amplifier,” Opt. Lett. 34, 10–712 (2009). [CrossRef]

10.

TOPAS-white data sheet, Light Conversion Ltd., www.lightcon.com.

11.

P. Tzankov, T. Fiebig, and I. Buchvarov, “Tunable femtosecond pulses in the near-ultraviolet from ultrabroadband parametric amplification,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 517–519 (2003). [CrossRef]

12.

A. Dubietis, G. Jonušauskas, and A. Piskarskas, “Powerful femtosecond pulse generation by chirped and stretched pulse parametric amplification in BBO crystal,” Opt. Commun. 88, 437–440 (1992). [CrossRef]

13.

P. Wnuk, Y. Stepanenko, and C. Radziewicz, “High gain broadband amplification of ultraviolet pulses in optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier,” Opt. Express 18, 7911–7916 (2010), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-8-7911. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

14.

C. G. Durfee III, S. Backus, M. M. Murnane, and H. C. Kapteyn, “Ultrabroadband phase-matched optical parametric generation in the ultraviolet by use of guided waves,” Opt. Lett. 22, 1565–1567 (1997). [CrossRef]

15.

A. Jailaubekov and S. E. Bradforth, “Tunable 30-femtosecond pulses across the deep ultraviolet,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 021107 (2005). [CrossRef]

16.

T. Fuji, T. Horyo, and T. Suzuki, “Generation of 12 fs deep-ultraviolet pulses by four-wave mixing through filamentation in neon gas,” Opt. Lett. 32, 2481–2483 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

17.

M. Beutler, M. Ghotbi, F. Noack, and I. V. Hertel, “Generation of sub-50-fs vacuum ultraviolet pulses by four-wave mixing in argon,” Opt. Lett. 35, 1491–1493 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

18.

A. Dubietis, G. Tamošauskas, P. Polesana, G. Valiulis, H. Valtna, D. Faccio, P. Di Trapani, and A. Piskarskas, “Highly efficient four-wave parametric amplification in transparent bulk Kerr medium,” Opt. Express 15, 11126–11132 (2007), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-15-18-11126. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

19.

H. Valtna, G. Tamošauskas, A. Dubietis, and A. Piskarskas, “High-energy broadband four-wave optical parametric amplification in bulk fused silica,” Opt. Lett. 33, 971–973 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

20.

J. Darginavičius, G. Tamošauskas, G. Valiulis, and A. Dubietis, “Broadband four-wave optical parametric amplification in bulk isotropic media in the ultraviolet,” Opt. Commun. 282, 2995–2999 (2009). [CrossRef]

21.

J. Liu, Y. Kida, T. Teramoto, and T. Kobayashi, “Simultaneous compression and amplification of a laser pulse in a glass plate,” Opt. Express 18, 2495–2502 (2010), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-3-2495. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

22.

T. Q. Jia, H. X. Chen, M. Huang, F. L. Zhao, X. X. Li, S. Z. Xu, H. Y. Sun, D. H. Feng, C. B. Li, X. F. Wang, R. X. Li, Z. Z. Xu, X. K. He, and H. Kuroda, “Ultraviolet-infrared femtosecond laser-induced damage in fused silica and CaF2 crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 73, 054105 (2006). [CrossRef]

23.

A. Penzkofer and H. J. Lehmeier, “Theoretical investigation of noncollinear phase-matched parametric four-photon amplification of ultrashort light pulses in isotropic media,” Opt. Quantum Electron. 25, 815–844 (1993). [CrossRef]

24.

J. Darginavičius, G. Tamošauskas, G. Valiulis, and A. Dubietis, “Generation and amplification of ultraviolet light pulses by means of parametric four-wave interactions in transparent solid-state media,” AIP Conf. Proc. 1228, 351–358 (2010). [CrossRef]

OCIS Codes
(190.4380) Nonlinear optics : Nonlinear optics, four-wave mixing
(190.4410) Nonlinear optics : Nonlinear optics, parametric processes
(190.4970) Nonlinear optics : Parametric oscillators and amplifiers
(190.7110) Nonlinear optics : Ultrafast nonlinear optics

ToC Category:
Nonlinear Optics

History
Original Manuscript: May 18, 2010
Revised Manuscript: June 28, 2010
Manuscript Accepted: June 29, 2010
Published: July 15, 2010

Citation
J. Darginavicius, G. Tamošauskas, A. Piskarskas, and A. Dubietis, "Generation of 30-fs ultraviolet pulses by four-wave optical parametric chirped pulse amplification," Opt. Express 18, 16096-16101 (2010)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-15-16096


Sort:  Author  |  Year  |  Journal  |  Reset  

References

  1. P. Simon, J. Bekesi, C. Dölle, J. H. Klein-Wiele, G. Marowsky, S. Szatmari, and B. Wellegehausen, “Ultraviolet femtosecond pulses: Key technology for sub-micron machining and efficient XUV pulse generation,” Appl. Phys. B 74, S189–S192 (2002). [CrossRef]
  2. I. V. Hertel and V. Radloff, “Ultrafast dynamics in isolated molecules and molecular clusters,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 69, 1987–2003 (2006). [CrossRef]
  3. L. D. Ziegler, J. Morais, Y. Zhou, S. Constantine, M. K. Reed, M. K. Steiner-Shepard, and D. Lommel, “Tunable 50-fs pulse generation in the 250-310-nm ultraviolet range,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 1758–1764 (1998). [CrossRef]
  4. A. Kummrow, M. Wittmann, F. Tschirschwitz, G. Korn, and E. T. J. Nibbering, “Femtosecond ultraviolet pulses generated using noncollinear optical parametric amplification and sum frequency mixing,” Appl. Phys. B 71, 885–887 (2000).
  5. I. Z. Kozma, P. Baum, S. Lochbrunner, and E. Riedle, “Widely tunable sub-30 fs ultraviolet pulses by chirped sum frequency mixing,” Opt. Express 11, 3110–3115 (2003), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-11-23-3110. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  6. Y. Nabekawa and K. Midorikawa, “Group-delay-dispersion-matched sum-frequency mixing for the indirect phase control of deep ultraviolet pulses in the sub-20-fs regime,” Appl. Phys. B 78, 569–581 (2004). [CrossRef]
  7. P. Baum, S. Lochbrunner, and E. Riedle, “Tunable sub-10-fs ultraviolet pulses generated by achromatic frequency doubling,” Opt. Lett. 29, 1686–1688 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  8. B. Zhao, Y. Jiang, K. Sueda, N. Miyanaga, and T. Kobayashi, “Sub-15 fs ultraviolet pulses generated by achromatic phase-matching sum-frequency mixing,” Opt. Express 17, 17711–17714 (2009), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-17-20-17711. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  9. M. Beutler, M. Ghotbi, F. Noack, D. Brida, C. Manzoni, and G. Cerullo, “Generation of high-energy sub-20 fs pulses tunable in the 250–310 nm region by frequency doubling of a high-power noncollinear optical parametric amplifier,” Opt. Lett. 34, 710–712 (2009). [CrossRef]
  10. TOPAS-white data sheet, Light Conversion Ltd., www.lightcon.com.
  11. P. Tzankov, T. Fiebig, and I. Buchvarov, “Tunable femtosecond pulses in the near-ultraviolet from ultrabroadband parametric amplification,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 517–519 (2003). [CrossRef]
  12. A. Dubietis, G. Jonušauskas, and A. Piskarskas, “Powerful femtosecond pulse generation by chirped and stretched pulse parametric amplification in BBO crystal,” Opt. Commun. 88, 437–440 (1992). [CrossRef]
  13. P. Wnuk, Y. Stepanenko, and C. Radziewicz, “High gain broadband amplification of ultraviolet pulses in optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier,” Opt. Express 18, 7911–7916 (2010), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-8-7911. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  14. C. G. DurfeeIII, S. Backus, M. M. Murnane, and H. C. Kapteyn, “Ultrabroadband phase-matched optical parametric generation in the ultraviolet by use of guided waves,” Opt. Lett. 22, 1565–1567 (1997). [CrossRef]
  15. A. Jailaubekov and S. E. Bradforth, “Tunable 30-femtosecond pulses across the deep ultraviolet,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 021107 (2005). [CrossRef]
  16. T. Fuji, T. Horyo, and T. Suzuki, “Generation of 12 fs deep-ultraviolet pulses by four-wave mixing through filamentation in neon gas,” Opt. Lett. 32, 2481–2483 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  17. M. Beutler, M. Ghotbi, F. Noack, and I. V. Hertel, “Generation of sub-50-fs vacuum ultraviolet pulses by four wave mixing in argon,” Opt. Lett. 35, 1491–1493 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  18. A. Dubietis, G. Tamošauskas, P. Polesana, G. Valiulis, H. Valtna, D. Faccio, P. Di Trapani, and A. Piskarskas, “Highly efficient four-wave parametric amplification in transparent bulk Kerr medium,” Opt. Express 15, 11126–11132 (2007), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-15-18-11126. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  19. H. Valtna, G. Tamošauskas, A. Dubietis, and A. Piskarskas, “High-energy broadband four-wave optical parametric amplification in bulk fused silica,” Opt. Lett. 33, 971–973 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  20. J. Darginavičius, G. Tamošauskas, G. Valiulis, and A. Dubietis, “Broadband four-wave optical parametric amplification in bulk isotropic media in the ultraviolet,” Opt. Commun. 282, 2995–2999 (2009). [CrossRef]
  21. J. Liu, Y. Kida, T. Teramoto, and T. Kobayashi, “Simultaneous compression and amplification of a laser pulse in a glass plate,” Opt. Express 18, 2495–2502 (2010), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-3-2495. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  22. T. Q. Jia, H. X. Chen, M. Huang, F. L. Zhao, X. X. Li, S. Z. Xu, H. Y. Sun, D. H. Feng, C. B. Li, X. F. Wang, R. X. Li, Z. Z. Xu, X. K. He, and H. Kuroda, “Ultraviolet-infrared femtosecond laser-induced damage in fused silica and CaF2 crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 73, 054105 (2006). [CrossRef]
  23. A. Penzkofer and H. J. Lehmeier, “Theoretical investigation of noncollinear phase-matched parametric four photon amplification of ultrashort light pulses in isotropic media,” Opt. Quantum Electron. 25, 815–844 (1993). [CrossRef]
  24. J. Darginavičius, G. Tamošauskas, G. Valiulis, and A. Dubietis, “Generation and amplification of ultraviolet light pulses by means of parametric four-wave interactions in transparent solid-state media,” AIP Conf. Proc. 1228, 351–358 (2010). [CrossRef]

Cited By

 Alert me when this paper is cited

OSA is able to provide readers links to articles that cite this paper by participating in CrossRef's Cited-By Linking service. CrossRef includes content from more than 3000 publishers and societies. In addition to listing OSA journal articles that cite this paper, citing articles from other participating publishers will also be listed.


« Previous Article  |  Next Article »

OSA is a member of CrossRef.

CrossCheck Deposited