Abstract

A ${\mathrm{BaTiO}}_3$ thin-film electro-optic waveguide modulator with a low half-wave voltage–length product has been demonstrated at near-infrared wavelengths of $1–1.6 \mathit{\mu }\mathrm{m}$. Half-wave voltage–length products as small as 0.25 and 0.5 V cm were measured for a 5-mm-long device at wavelengths of 973 and 1561 nm, respectively. The effective electro-optic coefficients were calculated as 420 pm/V at 973 nm and 360 pm/V at 1561 nm. Further improvements in device performance by optimizing the ferroelectric domain structure are anticipated.

© 2005 Optical Society of America

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