To understand the loss limitations of a splice between a hollow-core fiber and a conventional fiber, we use a numerical model to calculate the expected coupling loss between the NKT Photonics’ HC-1550-02 fiber and a single-mode fiber (SMF) of arbitrary step-index profile. When the SMF parameters are optimized, the splice loss is predicted to be as low as ~0.6 dB. This minimum is believed to be largely due to mode-shape mismatch. These predictions are confirmed experimentally by optimizing the splice loss between this photonic-bandgap fiber and five SMFs with different mode-field diameters (MFDs) and V numbers. With the SMF-28 fiber, the measured loss is $1.3\mathrm{dB}$ , in excellent agreement with theory. Using a SMF with parameters close to the optimum values ( $\mathrm{MFD}=7.2\mathrm{\mu m}$ and $V=2.16$ ), this loss was reduced to a new record value of $0.79\mathrm{dB}$ .

© 2010 Optical Society of America

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