The first planar optical waveguide to the authors’ knowledge has been formed in Cu-doped potassium sodium strontium barium niobate crystal by mega-electron-volt He⁺ implantation. Both TE and TM modes are observed. The profiles of the ordinary and the extraordinary refractive indices are deduced from dark-line mode spectroscopy. The results show that the mega-electron-volt He implantation results in a decrease in refractive index in barriers for both n_o and n_e, but for n_e there is an obvious increase in the waveguide region. From an experiment in photorefractive two-wave mixing, it is found that the erasure time for two-wave mixing is prolonged by ion implantation.

© 1997 Optical Society of America

[Optical Society of America ]

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