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Measurement of fiber-cladding diameter uniformity by use of whispering-gallery modes: nanometer resolution in diameter variations along millimeter to centimeter lengths

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Abstract

Variations in fiber-cladding diameter on a nanometer scale were measured along millimeter to centimeter lengths by use of whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) in the elastic scattering of the fiber. The fiber was side coupled with a wavelength-tunable Gaussian beam. The scattered light was imaged 1:1 onto a multichannel photodiode array detector. Based on the WGM wavelength shifts along the fiber, the taper of the fiber cladding’s diameter was measured on a nanometer/millimeter scale. The fiber’s surface roughness amplitude (in nanometers) and granular size 100 μm along centimeter-length fibers could also be revealed by use of higher-Q resonances.

© 2001 Optical Society of America

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