Abstract

We have investigated the spectroscopic properties of the $1.6‐\mathit{\mu }\mathrm{m}$ emission from the ${{}^{5}I}_5\to {{}^{5}I}_7$ transition of ${\mathrm{Ho}}^{3+}$ ions in fluoride glasses for use in U-band fiber amplifiers. The intensity profile of the emission peaks at $\sim 1660 \mathrm{nm}$, with a full width at half-maximum of $\sim 60 \mathrm{nm}$. The measured lifetime and emission cross section are $\sim 230 \mathit{\mu }\mathrm{s}$ and $\sim 5.4\times {10}^{-21} {\mathrm{cm}}^2$, respectively. Frequency upconversion to the ${{}^{5}F}_1$ state occurs simultaneously with excitation of the $1.6‐\mathit{\mu }\mathrm{m}$ emission, so the shorter-wavelength side of the ${{}^{5}I}_8\to {{}^{5}I}_5$ absorption spectrum is favorable for population of the ${{}^{5}I}_5$ state. Codoping with rare earths such as ${\mathrm{Tb}}^{3+}$, ${\mathrm{Dy}}^{3+}$, ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{3+}$, and ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$ decreases the lifetimes of the lower-lying ${{}^{5}I}_6$ and ${{}^{5}I}_7$ levels and as a result would be of benefit in achieving population inversion between the fluorescing level and the lower-lying levels.

© 2003 Optical Society of America

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