We report a novel (to the best of our knowledge) simultaneous $1310/1550$ two-wavelength band swept laser source and dual-band common-path swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Synchronized dual- wavelength tuning is performed by using two laser cavities and narrowband wavelength filters with a single dual-window polygonal scanner. Measured average output powers of 60 and $27\mathrm{mW}$ have been achieved for the 1310 and $1550\mathrm{nm}$ bands, respectively, while the two wavelengths were swept simultaneously from 1227 to $1387\mathrm{nm}$ for the $1310\mathrm{nm}$ band and from 1519 to $1581\mathrm{nm}$ for the $1550\mathrm{nm}$ band at an A-scan rate of $65\mathrm{kHz}$ . Broadband wavelength-division multiplexing is used for coupling two wavelengths into a common-path single-mode GRIN-lensed fiber probe to form dual-band common-path SS-OCT. Simultaneous OCT imaging at 1310 and $1550\mathrm{nm}$ is achieved. This technique allows for in vivo high-speed OCT imaging with potential application in functional (spectroscopic) investigations.