Effect of the carrier-envelope-offset dynamics on the stabilization of a diode-pumped solid-state frequency comb

doi:10.1364/OL.37.004428

Effect of the carrier-envelope-offset dynamics on the stabilization of a diode-pumped solid-state frequency comb

N. Bucalovic, V. Dolgovskiy, M. C. Stumpf, C. Schori, G. Di Domenico, U. Keller, S. Schilt, and T. Südmeyer »View Author Affiliations

Optics Letters, Vol. 37, Issue 21, pp. 4428-4430 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.37.004428

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Abstract

We investigate the dynamics of the carrier-envelope-offset (CEO) frequency, $f_{CEO}$ , controlled by a pump current on the self-referencing of an optical frequency comb generated from a diode-pumped solid-state laser at 1.56 μm. We observe a reversal point in the tuning of $f_{CEO}$ with the pump current. Between the low- and high-frequency region in the dynamic response of $f_{CEO}$ to pump current modulation, we observe a significant phase shift of $\approx 180 \deg$ in the transfer function. As a result, it is impossible to stabilize $f_{CEO}$ at a pump current above the reversal point, although the free-running CEO beat at this point has a higher signal-to-noise ratio than underneath the reversal point at which the locking is straightforward. Our results indicate that a high signal-to-noise ratio and a low-noise CEO beat are not sufficient indicators for the feasibility of comb self-referencing in cases for which CEO dynamics play a dominant role.

OCIS Codes
(120.3940) Instrumentation, measurement, and metrology : Metrology
(140.3580) Lasers and laser optics : Lasers, solid-state
(140.4050) Lasers and laser optics : Mode-locked lasers
(140.6810) Lasers and laser optics : Thermal effects
(140.7090) Lasers and laser optics : Ultrafast lasers
(140.3425) Lasers and laser optics : Laser stabilization

ToC Category:
Lasers and Laser Optics

History
Original Manuscript: July 16, 2012
Revised Manuscript: September 4, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: September 14, 2012
Published: October 22, 2012

Citation
N. Bucalovic, V. Dolgovskiy, M. C. Stumpf, C. Schori, G. Di Domenico, U. Keller, S. Schilt, and T. Südmeyer, "Effect of the carrier-envelope-offset dynamics on the stabilization of a diode-pumped solid-state frequency comb," Opt. Lett. 37, 4428-4430 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/ol/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-37-21-4428

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References

D. J. Jones, S. A. Diddams, J. K. Ranka, A. Stentz, R. S. Windeler, J. L. Hall, and S. T. Cundiff, Science 288, 635 (2000). [CrossRef]
R. Ell, U. Morgner, F. X. Kärtner, J. G. Fujimoto, E. P. Ippen, V. Scheuer, G. Angelow, T. Tschudi, M. J. Lederer, A. Boiko, and B. Luther-Davies, Opt. Lett. 26, 373 (2001). [CrossRef]
H. R. Telle, G. Steinmeyer, A. E. Dunlop, J. Stenger, D. H. Sutter, and U. Keller, Appl. Phys. B 69, 327 (1999). [CrossRef]
N. Newbury and B. Washburn, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 41, 1388 (2005). [CrossRef]
K. W. Holman, R. J. Jones, A. Marian, S. T. Cundiff, and Y. Je, IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 1018 (2003). [CrossRef]
M. C. Stumpf, S. Pekarek, A. E. H. Oehler, T. Südmeyer, J. M. Dudley, and U. Keller, Appl. Phys. B 99, 401 (2010). [CrossRef]
S. Schilt, N. Bucalovic, V. Dolgovskiy, C. Schori, M. Stumpf, G. Di Domenico, S. Pekarek, A. Oehler, T. Südmeyer, U. Keller, and P. Thomann, Opt. Express 19, 24171 (2011). [CrossRef]
N. Bucalovic, V. Dolgovskiy, C. Schori, P. Thomann, G. Di Domenico, and S. Schilt, Appl. Opt. 51, 4582 (2012). [CrossRef]
S. Schilt, N. Bucalovic, L. Tombez, V. Dolgovskiy, C. Schori, G. Di Domenico, M. Zaffalon, and P. Thomann, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 82, 123116 (2011). [CrossRef]
M. C. Stumpf, “Diode-pumped solid state lasers for optical frequency combs,” Dissertation ETH Nr. 18799 (University of Neuchatel, 2009).
R. W. Fox, C. W. Oates, and L. Hollberg, “Cavity-enhanced spectroscopies,” in Experimental Methods in the Physical Sciences (Academic, 2003), Vol. 40, Chap. 1, pp. 1–323.

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[1] D. J. Jones, S. A. Diddams, J. K. Ranka, A. Stentz, R. S. Windeler, J. L. Hall, and S. T. Cundiff, Science 288, 635 (2000). [CrossRef]

[2] R. Ell, U. Morgner, F. X. Kärtner, J. G. Fujimoto, E. P. Ippen, V. Scheuer, G. Angelow, T. Tschudi, M. J. Lederer, A. Boiko, and B. Luther-Davies, Opt. Lett. 26, 373 (2001). [CrossRef]

[3] H. R. Telle, G. Steinmeyer, A. E. Dunlop, J. Stenger, D. H. Sutter, and U. Keller, Appl. Phys. B 69, 327 (1999). [CrossRef]

[4] N. Newbury and B. Washburn, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 41, 1388 (2005). [CrossRef]

[5] K. W. Holman, R. J. Jones, A. Marian, S. T. Cundiff, and Y. Je, IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 1018 (2003). [CrossRef]

[6] M. C. Stumpf, S. Pekarek, A. E. H. Oehler, T. Südmeyer, J. M. Dudley, and U. Keller, Appl. Phys. B 99, 401 (2010). [CrossRef]

[7] S. Schilt, N. Bucalovic, V. Dolgovskiy, C. Schori, M. Stumpf, G. Di Domenico, S. Pekarek, A. Oehler, T. Südmeyer, U. Keller, and P. Thomann, Opt. Express 19, 24171 (2011). [CrossRef]

[8] N. Bucalovic, V. Dolgovskiy, C. Schori, P. Thomann, G. Di Domenico, and S. Schilt, Appl. Opt. 51, 4582 (2012). [CrossRef]

[9] S. Schilt, N. Bucalovic, L. Tombez, V. Dolgovskiy, C. Schori, G. Di Domenico, M. Zaffalon, and P. Thomann, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 82, 123116 (2011). [CrossRef]

[10] M. C. Stumpf, “Diode-pumped solid state lasers for optical frequency combs,” Dissertation ETH Nr. 18799 (University of Neuchatel, 2009).

[11] R. W. Fox, C. W. Oates, and L. Hollberg, “Cavity-enhanced spectroscopies,” in Experimental Methods in the Physical Sciences (Academic, 2003), Vol. 40, Chap. 1, pp. 1–323.

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Effect of the carrier-envelope-offset dynamics on the stabilization of a diode-pumped solid-state frequency comb