2D infrared self-focusing in bulk photorefractive SBN

doi:10.1364/OME.1.001178

2D infrared self-focusing in bulk photorefractive SBN

Delphine Wolfersberger and Denis Tranca »View Author Affiliations

Optical Materials Express, Vol. 1, Issue 7, pp. 1178-1184 (2011)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OME.1.001178

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Abstract
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Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate the possibility of photorefractive 2D self-focusing in bulk Cerium doped Strontium Barium Niobate (SBN:Ce) directly at telecommunications wavelengths (1.06 μm and 1.55 μm). Although the electro-optic coefficient of SBN is smaller at infrared wavelengths, 2D infrared self-trapping is observed and analyzed versus different parameters such as the laser beam intensity, the external applied electric field and time.

OCIS Codes
(190.5330) Nonlinear optics : Photorefractive optics
(190.5940) Nonlinear optics : Self-action effects
(260.3060) Physical optics : Infrared
(260.5950) Physical optics : Self-focusing

ToC Category:
Nonlinear Optical Materials

History
Original Manuscript: September 6, 2011
Revised Manuscript: September 29, 2011
Manuscript Accepted: September 29, 2011
Published: October 5, 2011

Citation
Delphine Wolfersberger and Denis Tranca, "2D infrared self-focusing in bulk photorefractive SBN," Opt. Mater. Express 1, 1178-1184 (2011)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/ome/abstract.cfm?URI=ome-1-7-1178

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References

G. I. Stegeman and M. Segev, “Optical spatial solitons and their interactions: universality and diversity,” Science286(5444), 1518–1523 (1999). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Shih, Z. Chen, M. Mitchell, M. Segev, H. Lee, R. S. Feigelson, and J. P. Wilde, “Waveguides induced by photorefractive screening solitons,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B14(11), 3091–3101 (1997). [CrossRef]
S. Lan, E. DelRe, Z. Chen, M. Shih, and M. Segev, “Directional coupler with soliton-induced waveguides,” Opt. Lett.24(7), 475–477 (1999). [CrossRef]
J. Petter and C. Denz, “Guiding and dividing waves with photorefractive solitons,” Opt. Commun.188, 55–61 (2001). [CrossRef]
E. DelRe, M. Tamburini, and A. J. Agranat, “Soliton electro-optic effects in paraelectrics,” Opt. Lett.25(13), 963–965 (2000). [CrossRef]
M. Tiemann, J. Petter, and T. Tschudi, “Infrared guiding behavior in a 1 X N spatial soliton switch,” Opt. Commun.281, 175–180 (2008). [CrossRef]
D. Kip, M. Wesner, V. Shandarov, and P. Moretti, “Observation of bright spatial photorefractive solitons in a planar strontium barium niobate waveguide,” Opt. Lett.23(12), 921–923 (1998). [CrossRef]
M. Wesner, C. Herden, D. Kip, E. Krätzig, and P. Moretti, “Photorefractive steady state solitons up to telecommunication wavelengths in planar SBN waveguides,” Opt. Commun.188, 69–76 (2001). [CrossRef]
M. Wesner, C. Herden, R. Pankrath, D. Kip, and M. Moretti, “Temporal development of photorefractive solitons up to telecommunication wavelengths in SBN,” Phys. Rev. E64, 036613 (2001). [CrossRef]
M. Chauvet, S. Hawkins, G. Salamo, M. Segev, D. Bliss, and G. Bryant, “Self-trapping of planar optical beams by use of the photorefractive effect in InP:Fe,” Opt. Lett.21(17), 1333–1335 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Chauvet, S. Hawkins, G. Salamo, M. Segev, D. Bliss, and G. Bryant, “Self-trapping of two-dimensional optical beams and light-induced waveguiding in photorefractive InP at telecommunication wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.70(19), 2499–2501 (1997). [CrossRef]
R. Uzdin, M. Segev, and G. Salamo, “Theory of self-focusing in photorefractive InP,” Opt. Lett.26(20), 1547–1549 (2001). [CrossRef]
N. Fressengeas, N. Khelfaoui, C. Dan, D. Wolfersberger, H. Leblond, and M. Chauvet, “Roles of resonance and dark irradiance for infrared photorefractive self-focusing and solitons in bipolar InP:Fe,” Phys. Rev. A75(6), 063834 (2007). [CrossRef]
D. Wolfersberger, N. Khelfaoui, C. Dan, N. Fressengeas, and H. Leblond, “Fast photorefractive self-focusing in InP:Fe semiconductor at infrared wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92(2), 021106 (2008). [CrossRef]
M. Alonzo, C. Dan, D. Wolfersberger, and E. Fazio, “Coherent collisions of infrared self-trapped beams in photorefractive InP:Fe,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96(12), 121111 (2010). [CrossRef]
T. Schwartz, Y. Ganor, T. Carmon, R. Uzdin, S. Schwartz, M. Segev, and U. El-Hanany, “Photorefractive solitons and light-induced resonance control in semiconductor CdZnTe,” Opt. Lett.27(14), 1229–1231 (2002). [CrossRef]
C. Dan, D. Wolfersberger, N. Fressengeas, G. Montemezzani, and A. Grabar, “Near infrared photorefractive self focusing in Sn2P2S6:Te crystals,” Opt. Express15(20), 12777–12782 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
G. Montemezzani, C. Dan, M. Gorram, N. Fressengeas, D. Wolfersberger, F. Juvalta, R. Mosimann, M. Jazbinsek, P. Gunter, and A. A. Grabar, “Real-time photoinduced waveguides in Sn2P2S6 bulk crystals with visible or near infrared light,” in Controlling Light with Light: Photorefractive Effects, Photosensitivity, Fiber Gratings, Photonic Materials and More, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2007), paper TuB3. [PubMed]
M. Klotz, H. Meng, G. J. Salamo, M. Segev, and S. R. Montgomery, “Fixing the photorefractive soliton,” Opt. Lett.24(2), 77–79 (1999). [CrossRef]
M. Wesner, C. Herden, and D. Kip, “Electrical fixing of waveguide channels in strontium–barium niobate crystals,” Appl. Phys. B72, 733–736 (2001).
M. F. Shih, P. Leach, M. Segev, M. H. Garret, G. Salamo, and G. C. Valley, “Incoherent collisions between two-dimensional bright steady-state photorefractive spatial screening solitons,” Opt. Lett.21(5), 324–326 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
N. Fressengeas, D. Wolfersberger, J. Maufoy, and G. Kugel, “Build up mechanisms of (1+1)-dimensional photorefractive bright spatial quasi-steady-state and screening solitons,” Opt. Commun.145, 393–400 (1998). [CrossRef]
N. Fressengeas, J. Maufoy, and G. Kugel, “Temporal behavior of bidimensional photorefractive bright spatial solitons,” Phys. Rev. E54(6), 6866–6875 (1996). [CrossRef]
N. Kukhtarev, V. Markov, S. Odulov, M. Soskin, and V. Vinetskii, “Holographic storage in electrooptic crystals,” Ferroelectrics22, 949–960 (1979). [CrossRef]

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[1] G. I. Stegeman and M. Segev, “Optical spatial solitons and their interactions: universality and diversity,” Science286(5444), 1518–1523 (1999). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[2] M. Shih, Z. Chen, M. Mitchell, M. Segev, H. Lee, R. S. Feigelson, and J. P. Wilde, “Waveguides induced by photorefractive screening solitons,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B14(11), 3091–3101 (1997). [CrossRef]

[3] S. Lan, E. DelRe, Z. Chen, M. Shih, and M. Segev, “Directional coupler with soliton-induced waveguides,” Opt. Lett.24(7), 475–477 (1999). [CrossRef]

[4] J. Petter and C. Denz, “Guiding and dividing waves with photorefractive solitons,” Opt. Commun.188, 55–61 (2001). [CrossRef]

[5] E. DelRe, M. Tamburini, and A. J. Agranat, “Soliton electro-optic effects in paraelectrics,” Opt. Lett.25(13), 963–965 (2000). [CrossRef]

[6] M. Tiemann, J. Petter, and T. Tschudi, “Infrared guiding behavior in a 1 X N spatial soliton switch,” Opt. Commun.281, 175–180 (2008). [CrossRef]

[7] D. Kip, M. Wesner, V. Shandarov, and P. Moretti, “Observation of bright spatial photorefractive solitons in a planar strontium barium niobate waveguide,” Opt. Lett.23(12), 921–923 (1998). [CrossRef]

[8] M. Wesner, C. Herden, D. Kip, E. Krätzig, and P. Moretti, “Photorefractive steady state solitons up to telecommunication wavelengths in planar SBN waveguides,” Opt. Commun.188, 69–76 (2001). [CrossRef]

[9] M. Wesner, C. Herden, R. Pankrath, D. Kip, and M. Moretti, “Temporal development of photorefractive solitons up to telecommunication wavelengths in SBN,” Phys. Rev. E64, 036613 (2001). [CrossRef]

[10] M. Chauvet, S. Hawkins, G. Salamo, M. Segev, D. Bliss, and G. Bryant, “Self-trapping of planar optical beams by use of the photorefractive effect in InP:Fe,” Opt. Lett.21(17), 1333–1335 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[11] M. Chauvet, S. Hawkins, G. Salamo, M. Segev, D. Bliss, and G. Bryant, “Self-trapping of two-dimensional optical beams and light-induced waveguiding in photorefractive InP at telecommunication wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.70(19), 2499–2501 (1997). [CrossRef]

[12] R. Uzdin, M. Segev, and G. Salamo, “Theory of self-focusing in photorefractive InP,” Opt. Lett.26(20), 1547–1549 (2001). [CrossRef]

[13] N. Fressengeas, N. Khelfaoui, C. Dan, D. Wolfersberger, H. Leblond, and M. Chauvet, “Roles of resonance and dark irradiance for infrared photorefractive self-focusing and solitons in bipolar InP:Fe,” Phys. Rev. A75(6), 063834 (2007). [CrossRef]

[14] D. Wolfersberger, N. Khelfaoui, C. Dan, N. Fressengeas, and H. Leblond, “Fast photorefractive self-focusing in InP:Fe semiconductor at infrared wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92(2), 021106 (2008). [CrossRef]

[15] M. Alonzo, C. Dan, D. Wolfersberger, and E. Fazio, “Coherent collisions of infrared self-trapped beams in photorefractive InP:Fe,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96(12), 121111 (2010). [CrossRef]

[16] T. Schwartz, Y. Ganor, T. Carmon, R. Uzdin, S. Schwartz, M. Segev, and U. El-Hanany, “Photorefractive solitons and light-induced resonance control in semiconductor CdZnTe,” Opt. Lett.27(14), 1229–1231 (2002). [CrossRef]

[17] C. Dan, D. Wolfersberger, N. Fressengeas, G. Montemezzani, and A. Grabar, “Near infrared photorefractive self focusing in Sn2P2S6:Te crystals,” Opt. Express15(20), 12777–12782 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[18] G. Montemezzani, C. Dan, M. Gorram, N. Fressengeas, D. Wolfersberger, F. Juvalta, R. Mosimann, M. Jazbinsek, P. Gunter, and A. A. Grabar, “Real-time photoinduced waveguides in Sn2P2S6 bulk crystals with visible or near infrared light,” in Controlling Light with Light: Photorefractive Effects, Photosensitivity, Fiber Gratings, Photonic Materials and More, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2007), paper TuB3. [PubMed]

[19] M. Klotz, H. Meng, G. J. Salamo, M. Segev, and S. R. Montgomery, “Fixing the photorefractive soliton,” Opt. Lett.24(2), 77–79 (1999). [CrossRef]

[20] M. Wesner, C. Herden, and D. Kip, “Electrical fixing of waveguide channels in strontium–barium niobate crystals,” Appl. Phys. B72, 733–736 (2001).

[21] M. F. Shih, P. Leach, M. Segev, M. H. Garret, G. Salamo, and G. C. Valley, “Incoherent collisions between two-dimensional bright steady-state photorefractive spatial screening solitons,” Opt. Lett.21(5), 324–326 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[22] N. Fressengeas, D. Wolfersberger, J. Maufoy, and G. Kugel, “Build up mechanisms of (1+1)-dimensional photorefractive bright spatial quasi-steady-state and screening solitons,” Opt. Commun.145, 393–400 (1998). [CrossRef]

[23] N. Fressengeas, J. Maufoy, and G. Kugel, “Temporal behavior of bidimensional photorefractive bright spatial solitons,” Phys. Rev. E54(6), 6866–6875 (1996). [CrossRef]

[24] N. Kukhtarev, V. Markov, S. Odulov, M. Soskin, and V. Vinetskii, “Holographic storage in electrooptic crystals,” Ferroelectrics22, 949–960 (1979). [CrossRef]

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2D infrared self-focusing in bulk photorefractive SBN