Optics InfoBase > Optical Materials Express > Volume 1 > Issue 7 > Page 1383
|
|
Near IR nonlinear absorption of an organic supermolecule [Invited]San-Hui Chi, Armand Rosenberg, Animesh Nayak, Timothy V. Duncan, Michael J. Therien, James J. Butler, Steven R. Montgomery, Guy Beadie, Richard G. S. Pong, James S. Shirk, and Steven R. Flom »View Author Affiliations
San-Hui Chi,1
Armand Rosenberg,2
Animesh Nayak,3,4
Timothy V. Duncan,3
Michael J. Therien,4
James J. Butler,5
Steven R. Montgomery,6
Guy Beadie,2
Richard G. S. Pong,7
James S. Shirk,7
and Steven R. Flom2,*
1NRL/NRC Fellow Residing at Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA 2Optical Sciences Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA 3Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA 4Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA 5Department of Physics, Pacific University, Forest Grove, OR 97116, USA 6Department of Physics, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD 21402, USA 7Global Inc. Resident at Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA *Corresponding author: NLO_materials@nrl.navy.mil |
Optical Materials Express, Vol. 1, Issue 7, pp. 1383-1392 (2011)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OME.1.001383
View Full Text Article
Enhanced HTML
Acrobat PDF (1048 KB)
Abstract
The photophysics of bis(terpyridyl)osmium-(porphinato)zinc-bis(terpyridyl)osmium (OsPZnOs), a D-π-A-π-D symmetric supermolecule, were investigated in the femtosecond and nanosecond regimes. The supermolecule exhibits a two-photon absorption (δpeak ~900 GM) in the near IR (900-1300 nm) and optical pumping by two-photon absorption leads to a broad excited state absorption (σpeak ~1.1 × 10−16 cm2) in the same near IR region. Since the excited state has a long lifetime, OsPZnOs exhibits a strong nanosecond nonlinear absorption in this region. That nonlinear absorption is substantially enhanced when OsPZnOs is incorporated into a multimode waveguide. When two-photon pumping is the dominant mechanism, an additional enhancement of up to ~100 × in the nonlinear absorption is observed in a microchannel waveguide. OsPZnOs is a promising material for photonic applications such as optical noise suppression and optical limiting in the near IR.
© 2011 OSA
OCIS Codes
(160.4330) Materials : Nonlinear optical materials
(190.0190) Nonlinear optics : Nonlinear optics
(190.4710) Nonlinear optics : Optical nonlinearities in organic materials
(190.7110) Nonlinear optics : Ultrafast nonlinear optics
ToC Category:
Organics and Polymers
History
Original Manuscript: September 6, 2011
Revised Manuscript: October 24, 2011
Manuscript Accepted: October 25, 2011
Published: October 31, 2011
Virtual Issues
Nonlinear Optics (2011) Optical Materials Express
Citation
San-Hui Chi, Armand Rosenberg, Animesh Nayak, Timothy V. Duncan, Michael J. Therien, James J. Butler, Steven R. Montgomery, Guy Beadie, Richard G. S. Pong, James S. Shirk, and Steven R. Flom, "Near IR nonlinear absorption of an organic supermolecule [Invited]," Opt. Mater. Express 1, 1383-1392 (2011)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/ome/abstract.cfm?URI=ome-1-7-1383
Sort: Author | Year | Journal | Reset
References
- S. Keinan, M. J. Therien, D. N. Beratan, and W. T. Yang, “Molecular design of porphyrin-based nonlinear optical materials,” J. Phys. Chem. A112(47), 12203–12207 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. J. Butler, J. J. Wathen, S. R. Flom, R. G. S. Pong, and J. S. Shirk, “Optical limiting properties of nonlinear multimode waveguides,” Opt. Lett.28(18), 1689–1691 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. H. Chi, J. M. Hales, M. Cozzuol, C. Ochoa, M. Fitzpatrick, and J. W. Perry, “Conjugated polymer-fullerene blend with strong optical limiting in the near-infrared,” Opt. Express17(24), 22062–22072 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. M. Hales, M. Cozzuol, T. E. O. Screen, H. L. Anderson, and J. W. Perry, “Metalloporphyrin polymer with temporally agile, broadband nonlinear absorption for optical limiting in the near infrared,” Opt. Express17(21), 18478–18488 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, I. Y. S. Lee, X. L. Wu, P. V. Bedworth, C. T. Chen, D. Ng, S. R. Marder, P. Miles, T. Wada, M. Tian, and H. Sasabe, “Organic optical limiter with a strong nonlinear absorptive response,” Science273(5281), 1533–1536 (1996). [CrossRef]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, S. R. Marder, K. J. Perry, D. Alvarez, and I. Choong, “Enhanced reverse saturable absorption and optical limiting in heavy-atom-substituted phthalocyanines,” Opt. Lett.19(9), 625–627 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, D. C. Hutchings, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Dispersion of bound electronic nonlinear refraction in Solids,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.27(6), 1296–1309 (1991). [CrossRef]
- J. S. Shirk, R. G. S. Pong, F. J. Bartoli, and A. W. Snow, “Optical limiter using a lead phthalocyanine,” Appl. Phys. Lett.63(14), 1880–1882 (1993). [CrossRef]
- J. S. Shirk, R. G. S. Pong, S. R. Flom, H. Heckmann, and M. Hanack, “Effect of axial substitution on the optical limiting properties of indium phthalocyanines,” J. Phys. Chem. A104(7), 1438–1449 (2000). [CrossRef]
- C. W. Spangler, “Recent development in the design of organic materials for optical power limiting,” J. Mater. Chem.9(9), 2013–2020 (1999). [CrossRef]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. T. Uyeda, Y. X. Zhao, K. Wostyn, I. Asselberghs, K. Clays, A. Persoons, and M. J. Therien, “Unusual frequency dispersion effects of the nonlinear optical response in highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.124(46), 13806–13813 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, T. Ishizuka, and M. J. Therien, “Molecular engineering of intensely near-infrared absorbing excited states in highly conjugated oligo(porphinato)zinc-(polypyridyl)metal(II) supermolecules,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.129(31), 9691–9703 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. J. Yang, S. A. Jenekhe, J. S. Meth, and H. Vanherzeele, “Probing structure-property relationships in third-order nonlinear optical polymers: Third harmonic generation spectroscopy and theoretical modeling of systematically derivatized conjugated aromatic polyimines,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.38(5), 1759–1774 (1999). [CrossRef]
- T. Ishizuka, L. E. Sinks, K. Song, S. T. Hung, A. Nayak, K. Clays, and M. J. Therien, “The roles of molecular structure and effective optical symmetry in evolving dipolar chromophoric building blocks to potent octopolar nonlinear optical chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.133(9), 2884–2896 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. de la Torre, P. Vázquez, F. Agulló-López, and T. Torres, “Role of structural factors in the nonlinear optical properties of phthalocyanines and related compounds,” Chem. Rev.104(9), 3723–3750 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Rosenberg and J. S. Shirk, “Nonlinear absorption in waveguides,” Nonlinear Opt., Quantum Opt.40, 11 (2010).
- T. V. Duncan, I. V. Rubtsov, H. T. Uyeda, and M. J. Therien, “Highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) compounds: long-lived, high oscillator strength, excited-state absorbers having exceptional spectral coverage of the near-infrared,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.126(31), 9474–9475 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Drobizhev, Y. Stepanenko, Y. Dzenis, A. Karotki, A. Rebane, P. N. Taylor, and H. L. Anderson, “Extremely strong near-IR two-photon absorption in conjugated porphyrin dimers: quantitative description with three-essential-states model,” J. Phys. Chem. B109(15), 7223–7236 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. E. O'Keefe, G. J. Denton, E. J. Harvey, R. T. Phillips, R. H. Friend, and H. L. Anderson, “Femtosecond transient photoinduced transmission measurements on a novel conjugated zinc porphyrin system,” J. Chem. Phys.104(3), 805–811 (1996). [CrossRef]
- T. V. Duncan, K. Song, S. T. Hung, I. Miloradovic, A. Nayak, A. Persoons, T. Verbiest, M. J. Therien, and K. Clays, “Molecular symmetry and solution-phase structure interrogated by hyper-Rayleigh depolarization measurements: elaborating highly hyperpolarizable D2-symmetric chromophores,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.47(16), 2978–2981 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Juris, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, S. Campagna, P. Belser, and A. Vonzelewsky, “Ru(II) polypyridine complexes - photophysics, photochemistry, electrochemistry, and chemi-luminescence,” Coord. Chem. Rev.84, 85–277 (1988). [CrossRef]
- J. P. Sauvage, J. P. Collin, J. C. Chambron, S. Guillerez, C. Coudret, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, L. Decola, and L. Flamigni, “Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II) bis(terpyridine) complexes in covalently-linked multicomponent systems: synthesis, electrochemical behavior, absorption spectra, and photochemical and photophysical properties,” Chem. Rev.94(4), 993–1019 (1994). [CrossRef]
- F. W. Vance and J. T. Hupp, “Probing the symmetry of the nonlinear optic chromophore Ru(trans-4,4 '-diethylaminostyryl-2,2 '-bipyridine)32+: Insight from polarized Hyper-Rayleigh scattering and electroabsorption (Stark) spectroscopy,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.121(16), 4047–4053 (1999). [CrossRef]
- M. Konstantaki, E. Koudoumas, S. Couris, P. Laine, E. Amouyal, and S. Leach, “Substantial non-linear optical response of new polyads based on Ru and Os complexes of modified terpyridines,” J. Phys. Chem. B105(44), 10797–10804 (2001). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, A. A. Said, and E. W. Van Stryland, “High-sensitivity, single-beam n(2) measurements,” Opt. Lett.14(17), 955–957 (1989). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, A. A. Said, T. H. Wei, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Sensitive measurement of optical nonlinearities using a single beam,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.26(4), 760–769 (1990). [CrossRef]
- E. W. Van Stryland and M. Sheik-Bahae, “Z-Scan measurements of optical nonlinearities,” in Characterization techniques and tabulation for organic nonlinear materials, M. G. Kuzyk, and C. W. Dirk, eds. (Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1998), pp. 655–692.
- K. W. DeLong, R. Trebino, J. Hunter, and W. E. White, “Frequency-resolved optical gating with the use of second-harmonic generation,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B11(11), 2206–2215 (1994). [CrossRef]
- M. Dinu, F. Quochi, and H. Garcia, “Third-order nonlinearities in silicon at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.82(18), 2954–2956 (2003). [CrossRef]
- A. A. Said, M. Sheik-Bahae, D. J. Hagan, T. H. Wei, J. Wang, J. Young, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Determination of bound-electronic and free-carrier nonlinearities in ZnSe, GaAs, CdTe, and ZnTe,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B9(3), 405–414 (1992). [CrossRef]
- D. Milam, “Review and assessment of measured values of the nonlinear refractive-index coefficient of fused silica,” Appl. Opt.37(3), 546–550 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Major, F. Yoshino, J. S. Aitchison, P. W. E. Smith, E. Sorokin, and I. T. Sorokina, “Ultrafast nonresonant third-order optical nonlinearities in ZnSe for photonic switching at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.85(20), 4606–4608 (2004). [CrossRef]
- T. D. Krauss and F. W. Wise, “Femtosecond measurement of nonlinear absorption and refraction in CdS, ZnSe, and ZnS,” Appl. Phys. Lett.65(14), 1739–1741 (1994). [CrossRef]
- R. L. Sutherland, M. C. Brant, J. Heinrichs, J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. G. McLean, and P. A. Fleitz, “Excited-state characterization and effective three-photon absorption model of two-photon-induced excited-state absorption in organic push-pull charge-transfer chromophores,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B22(9), 1939–1948 (2005). [CrossRef]
- I. C. Khoo, A. Diaz, M. V. Wood, and P. H. Chen, “Passive optical limiting of picosecond-nanosecond laser pulses using highly nonlinear organic liquid cored fiber array,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.7(5), 760–768 (2001). [CrossRef]
- I. C. Khoo, A. Diaz, and J. W. Ding, “Nonlinear-absorbing fiber array for large-dynamic-range optical limiting application against intense short laser pulses,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B21(6), 1234–1240 (2004). [CrossRef]
- G. de la Torre, P. Vázquez, F. Agulló-López, and T. Torres, “Role of structural factors in the nonlinear optical properties of phthalocyanines and related compounds,” Chem. Rev.104(9), 3723–3750 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Major, F. Yoshino, J. S. Aitchison, P. W. E. Smith, E. Sorokin, and I. T. Sorokina, “Ultrafast nonresonant third-order optical nonlinearities in ZnSe for photonic switching at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.85(20), 4606–4608 (2004). [CrossRef]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Konstantaki, E. Koudoumas, S. Couris, P. Laine, E. Amouyal, and S. Leach, “Substantial non-linear optical response of new polyads based on Ru and Os complexes of modified terpyridines,” J. Phys. Chem. B105(44), 10797–10804 (2001). [CrossRef]
- J. M. Hales, M. Cozzuol, T. E. O. Screen, H. L. Anderson, and J. W. Perry, “Metalloporphyrin polymer with temporally agile, broadband nonlinear absorption for optical limiting in the near infrared,” Opt. Express17(21), 18478–18488 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Drobizhev, Y. Stepanenko, Y. Dzenis, A. Karotki, A. Rebane, P. N. Taylor, and H. L. Anderson, “Extremely strong near-IR two-photon absorption in conjugated porphyrin dimers: quantitative description with three-essential-states model,” J. Phys. Chem. B109(15), 7223–7236 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. E. O'Keefe, G. J. Denton, E. J. Harvey, R. T. Phillips, R. H. Friend, and H. L. Anderson, “Femtosecond transient photoinduced transmission measurements on a novel conjugated zinc porphyrin system,” J. Chem. Phys.104(3), 805–811 (1996). [CrossRef]
- H. T. Uyeda, Y. X. Zhao, K. Wostyn, I. Asselberghs, K. Clays, A. Persoons, and M. J. Therien, “Unusual frequency dispersion effects of the nonlinear optical response in highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.124(46), 13806–13813 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. P. Sauvage, J. P. Collin, J. C. Chambron, S. Guillerez, C. Coudret, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, L. Decola, and L. Flamigni, “Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II) bis(terpyridine) complexes in covalently-linked multicomponent systems: synthesis, electrochemical behavior, absorption spectra, and photochemical and photophysical properties,” Chem. Rev.94(4), 993–1019 (1994). [CrossRef]
- A. Juris, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, S. Campagna, P. Belser, and A. Vonzelewsky, “Ru(II) polypyridine complexes - photophysics, photochemistry, electrochemistry, and chemi-luminescence,” Coord. Chem. Rev.84, 85–277 (1988). [CrossRef]
- J. P. Sauvage, J. P. Collin, J. C. Chambron, S. Guillerez, C. Coudret, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, L. Decola, and L. Flamigni, “Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II) bis(terpyridine) complexes in covalently-linked multicomponent systems: synthesis, electrochemical behavior, absorption spectra, and photochemical and photophysical properties,” Chem. Rev.94(4), 993–1019 (1994). [CrossRef]
- A. Juris, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, S. Campagna, P. Belser, and A. Vonzelewsky, “Ru(II) polypyridine complexes - photophysics, photochemistry, electrochemistry, and chemi-luminescence,” Coord. Chem. Rev.84, 85–277 (1988). [CrossRef]
- J. S. Shirk, R. G. S. Pong, F. J. Bartoli, and A. W. Snow, “Optical limiter using a lead phthalocyanine,” Appl. Phys. Lett.63(14), 1880–1882 (1993). [CrossRef]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, I. Y. S. Lee, X. L. Wu, P. V. Bedworth, C. T. Chen, D. Ng, S. R. Marder, P. Miles, T. Wada, M. Tian, and H. Sasabe, “Organic optical limiter with a strong nonlinear absorptive response,” Science273(5281), 1533–1536 (1996). [CrossRef]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Juris, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, S. Campagna, P. Belser, and A. Vonzelewsky, “Ru(II) polypyridine complexes - photophysics, photochemistry, electrochemistry, and chemi-luminescence,” Coord. Chem. Rev.84, 85–277 (1988). [CrossRef]
- S. Keinan, M. J. Therien, D. N. Beratan, and W. T. Yang, “Molecular design of porphyrin-based nonlinear optical materials,” J. Phys. Chem. A112(47), 12203–12207 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. L. Sutherland, M. C. Brant, J. Heinrichs, J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. G. McLean, and P. A. Fleitz, “Excited-state characterization and effective three-photon absorption model of two-photon-induced excited-state absorption in organic push-pull charge-transfer chromophores,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B22(9), 1939–1948 (2005). [CrossRef]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Juris, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, S. Campagna, P. Belser, and A. Vonzelewsky, “Ru(II) polypyridine complexes - photophysics, photochemistry, electrochemistry, and chemi-luminescence,” Coord. Chem. Rev.84, 85–277 (1988). [CrossRef]
- J. P. Sauvage, J. P. Collin, J. C. Chambron, S. Guillerez, C. Coudret, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, L. Decola, and L. Flamigni, “Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II) bis(terpyridine) complexes in covalently-linked multicomponent systems: synthesis, electrochemical behavior, absorption spectra, and photochemical and photophysical properties,” Chem. Rev.94(4), 993–1019 (1994). [CrossRef]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, I. Y. S. Lee, X. L. Wu, P. V. Bedworth, C. T. Chen, D. Ng, S. R. Marder, P. Miles, T. Wada, M. Tian, and H. Sasabe, “Organic optical limiter with a strong nonlinear absorptive response,” Science273(5281), 1533–1536 (1996). [CrossRef]
- I. C. Khoo, A. Diaz, M. V. Wood, and P. H. Chen, “Passive optical limiting of picosecond-nanosecond laser pulses using highly nonlinear organic liquid cored fiber array,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.7(5), 760–768 (2001). [CrossRef]
- T. Ishizuka, L. E. Sinks, K. Song, S. T. Hung, A. Nayak, K. Clays, and M. J. Therien, “The roles of molecular structure and effective optical symmetry in evolving dipolar chromophoric building blocks to potent octopolar nonlinear optical chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.133(9), 2884–2896 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, K. Song, S. T. Hung, I. Miloradovic, A. Nayak, A. Persoons, T. Verbiest, M. J. Therien, and K. Clays, “Molecular symmetry and solution-phase structure interrogated by hyper-Rayleigh depolarization measurements: elaborating highly hyperpolarizable D2-symmetric chromophores,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.47(16), 2978–2981 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. T. Uyeda, Y. X. Zhao, K. Wostyn, I. Asselberghs, K. Clays, A. Persoons, and M. J. Therien, “Unusual frequency dispersion effects of the nonlinear optical response in highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.124(46), 13806–13813 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. P. Sauvage, J. P. Collin, J. C. Chambron, S. Guillerez, C. Coudret, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, L. Decola, and L. Flamigni, “Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II) bis(terpyridine) complexes in covalently-linked multicomponent systems: synthesis, electrochemical behavior, absorption spectra, and photochemical and photophysical properties,” Chem. Rev.94(4), 993–1019 (1994). [CrossRef]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. P. Sauvage, J. P. Collin, J. C. Chambron, S. Guillerez, C. Coudret, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, L. Decola, and L. Flamigni, “Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II) bis(terpyridine) complexes in covalently-linked multicomponent systems: synthesis, electrochemical behavior, absorption spectra, and photochemical and photophysical properties,” Chem. Rev.94(4), 993–1019 (1994). [CrossRef]
- M. Konstantaki, E. Koudoumas, S. Couris, P. Laine, E. Amouyal, and S. Leach, “Substantial non-linear optical response of new polyads based on Ru and Os complexes of modified terpyridines,” J. Phys. Chem. B105(44), 10797–10804 (2001). [CrossRef]
- S. H. Chi, J. M. Hales, M. Cozzuol, C. Ochoa, M. Fitzpatrick, and J. W. Perry, “Conjugated polymer-fullerene blend with strong optical limiting in the near-infrared,” Opt. Express17(24), 22062–22072 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. M. Hales, M. Cozzuol, T. E. O. Screen, H. L. Anderson, and J. W. Perry, “Metalloporphyrin polymer with temporally agile, broadband nonlinear absorption for optical limiting in the near infrared,” Opt. Express17(21), 18478–18488 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. de la Torre, P. Vázquez, F. Agulló-López, and T. Torres, “Role of structural factors in the nonlinear optical properties of phthalocyanines and related compounds,” Chem. Rev.104(9), 3723–3750 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. P. Sauvage, J. P. Collin, J. C. Chambron, S. Guillerez, C. Coudret, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, L. Decola, and L. Flamigni, “Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II) bis(terpyridine) complexes in covalently-linked multicomponent systems: synthesis, electrochemical behavior, absorption spectra, and photochemical and photophysical properties,” Chem. Rev.94(4), 993–1019 (1994). [CrossRef]
- G. E. O'Keefe, G. J. Denton, E. J. Harvey, R. T. Phillips, R. H. Friend, and H. L. Anderson, “Femtosecond transient photoinduced transmission measurements on a novel conjugated zinc porphyrin system,” J. Chem. Phys.104(3), 805–811 (1996). [CrossRef]
- I. C. Khoo, A. Diaz, and J. W. Ding, “Nonlinear-absorbing fiber array for large-dynamic-range optical limiting application against intense short laser pulses,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B21(6), 1234–1240 (2004). [CrossRef]
- I. C. Khoo, A. Diaz, M. V. Wood, and P. H. Chen, “Passive optical limiting of picosecond-nanosecond laser pulses using highly nonlinear organic liquid cored fiber array,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.7(5), 760–768 (2001). [CrossRef]
- M. Dinu, F. Quochi, and H. Garcia, “Third-order nonlinearities in silicon at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.82(18), 2954–2956 (2003). [CrossRef]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Drobizhev, Y. Stepanenko, Y. Dzenis, A. Karotki, A. Rebane, P. N. Taylor, and H. L. Anderson, “Extremely strong near-IR two-photon absorption in conjugated porphyrin dimers: quantitative description with three-essential-states model,” J. Phys. Chem. B109(15), 7223–7236 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, K. Song, S. T. Hung, I. Miloradovic, A. Nayak, A. Persoons, T. Verbiest, M. J. Therien, and K. Clays, “Molecular symmetry and solution-phase structure interrogated by hyper-Rayleigh depolarization measurements: elaborating highly hyperpolarizable D2-symmetric chromophores,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.47(16), 2978–2981 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, T. Ishizuka, and M. J. Therien, “Molecular engineering of intensely near-infrared absorbing excited states in highly conjugated oligo(porphinato)zinc-(polypyridyl)metal(II) supermolecules,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.129(31), 9691–9703 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, I. V. Rubtsov, H. T. Uyeda, and M. J. Therien, “Highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) compounds: long-lived, high oscillator strength, excited-state absorbers having exceptional spectral coverage of the near-infrared,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.126(31), 9474–9475 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Drobizhev, Y. Stepanenko, Y. Dzenis, A. Karotki, A. Rebane, P. N. Taylor, and H. L. Anderson, “Extremely strong near-IR two-photon absorption in conjugated porphyrin dimers: quantitative description with three-essential-states model,” J. Phys. Chem. B109(15), 7223–7236 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. P. Sauvage, J. P. Collin, J. C. Chambron, S. Guillerez, C. Coudret, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, L. Decola, and L. Flamigni, “Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II) bis(terpyridine) complexes in covalently-linked multicomponent systems: synthesis, electrochemical behavior, absorption spectra, and photochemical and photophysical properties,” Chem. Rev.94(4), 993–1019 (1994). [CrossRef]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. L. Sutherland, M. C. Brant, J. Heinrichs, J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. G. McLean, and P. A. Fleitz, “Excited-state characterization and effective three-photon absorption model of two-photon-induced excited-state absorption in organic push-pull charge-transfer chromophores,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B22(9), 1939–1948 (2005). [CrossRef]
- J. J. Butler, J. J. Wathen, S. R. Flom, R. G. S. Pong, and J. S. Shirk, “Optical limiting properties of nonlinear multimode waveguides,” Opt. Lett.28(18), 1689–1691 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. S. Shirk, R. G. S. Pong, S. R. Flom, H. Heckmann, and M. Hanack, “Effect of axial substitution on the optical limiting properties of indium phthalocyanines,” J. Phys. Chem. A104(7), 1438–1449 (2000). [CrossRef]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. E. O'Keefe, G. J. Denton, E. J. Harvey, R. T. Phillips, R. H. Friend, and H. L. Anderson, “Femtosecond transient photoinduced transmission measurements on a novel conjugated zinc porphyrin system,” J. Chem. Phys.104(3), 805–811 (1996). [CrossRef]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- M. Dinu, F. Quochi, and H. Garcia, “Third-order nonlinearities in silicon at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.82(18), 2954–2956 (2003). [CrossRef]
- J. P. Sauvage, J. P. Collin, J. C. Chambron, S. Guillerez, C. Coudret, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, L. Decola, and L. Flamigni, “Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II) bis(terpyridine) complexes in covalently-linked multicomponent systems: synthesis, electrochemical behavior, absorption spectra, and photochemical and photophysical properties,” Chem. Rev.94(4), 993–1019 (1994). [CrossRef]
- A. A. Said, M. Sheik-Bahae, D. J. Hagan, T. H. Wei, J. Wang, J. Young, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Determination of bound-electronic and free-carrier nonlinearities in ZnSe, GaAs, CdTe, and ZnTe,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B9(3), 405–414 (1992). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, D. C. Hutchings, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Dispersion of bound electronic nonlinear refraction in Solids,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.27(6), 1296–1309 (1991). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, A. A. Said, T. H. Wei, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Sensitive measurement of optical nonlinearities using a single beam,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.26(4), 760–769 (1990). [CrossRef]
- S. H. Chi, J. M. Hales, M. Cozzuol, C. Ochoa, M. Fitzpatrick, and J. W. Perry, “Conjugated polymer-fullerene blend with strong optical limiting in the near-infrared,” Opt. Express17(24), 22062–22072 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. M. Hales, M. Cozzuol, T. E. O. Screen, H. L. Anderson, and J. W. Perry, “Metalloporphyrin polymer with temporally agile, broadband nonlinear absorption for optical limiting in the near infrared,” Opt. Express17(21), 18478–18488 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. S. Shirk, R. G. S. Pong, S. R. Flom, H. Heckmann, and M. Hanack, “Effect of axial substitution on the optical limiting properties of indium phthalocyanines,” J. Phys. Chem. A104(7), 1438–1449 (2000). [CrossRef]
- G. E. O'Keefe, G. J. Denton, E. J. Harvey, R. T. Phillips, R. H. Friend, and H. L. Anderson, “Femtosecond transient photoinduced transmission measurements on a novel conjugated zinc porphyrin system,” J. Chem. Phys.104(3), 805–811 (1996). [CrossRef]
- J. S. Shirk, R. G. S. Pong, S. R. Flom, H. Heckmann, and M. Hanack, “Effect of axial substitution on the optical limiting properties of indium phthalocyanines,” J. Phys. Chem. A104(7), 1438–1449 (2000). [CrossRef]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. L. Sutherland, M. C. Brant, J. Heinrichs, J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. G. McLean, and P. A. Fleitz, “Excited-state characterization and effective three-photon absorption model of two-photon-induced excited-state absorption in organic push-pull charge-transfer chromophores,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B22(9), 1939–1948 (2005). [CrossRef]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Ishizuka, L. E. Sinks, K. Song, S. T. Hung, A. Nayak, K. Clays, and M. J. Therien, “The roles of molecular structure and effective optical symmetry in evolving dipolar chromophoric building blocks to potent octopolar nonlinear optical chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.133(9), 2884–2896 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, K. Song, S. T. Hung, I. Miloradovic, A. Nayak, A. Persoons, T. Verbiest, M. J. Therien, and K. Clays, “Molecular symmetry and solution-phase structure interrogated by hyper-Rayleigh depolarization measurements: elaborating highly hyperpolarizable D2-symmetric chromophores,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.47(16), 2978–2981 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. W. Vance and J. T. Hupp, “Probing the symmetry of the nonlinear optic chromophore Ru(trans-4,4 '-diethylaminostyryl-2,2 '-bipyridine)32+: Insight from polarized Hyper-Rayleigh scattering and electroabsorption (Stark) spectroscopy,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.121(16), 4047–4053 (1999). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, D. C. Hutchings, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Dispersion of bound electronic nonlinear refraction in Solids,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.27(6), 1296–1309 (1991). [CrossRef]
- T. Ishizuka, L. E. Sinks, K. Song, S. T. Hung, A. Nayak, K. Clays, and M. J. Therien, “The roles of molecular structure and effective optical symmetry in evolving dipolar chromophoric building blocks to potent octopolar nonlinear optical chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.133(9), 2884–2896 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, T. Ishizuka, and M. J. Therien, “Molecular engineering of intensely near-infrared absorbing excited states in highly conjugated oligo(porphinato)zinc-(polypyridyl)metal(II) supermolecules,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.129(31), 9691–9703 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. J. Yang, S. A. Jenekhe, J. S. Meth, and H. Vanherzeele, “Probing structure-property relationships in third-order nonlinear optical polymers: Third harmonic generation spectroscopy and theoretical modeling of systematically derivatized conjugated aromatic polyimines,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.38(5), 1759–1774 (1999). [CrossRef]
- A. Juris, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, S. Campagna, P. Belser, and A. Vonzelewsky, “Ru(II) polypyridine complexes - photophysics, photochemistry, electrochemistry, and chemi-luminescence,” Coord. Chem. Rev.84, 85–277 (1988). [CrossRef]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- M. Drobizhev, Y. Stepanenko, Y. Dzenis, A. Karotki, A. Rebane, P. N. Taylor, and H. L. Anderson, “Extremely strong near-IR two-photon absorption in conjugated porphyrin dimers: quantitative description with three-essential-states model,” J. Phys. Chem. B109(15), 7223–7236 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Keinan, M. J. Therien, D. N. Beratan, and W. T. Yang, “Molecular design of porphyrin-based nonlinear optical materials,” J. Phys. Chem. A112(47), 12203–12207 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- I. C. Khoo, A. Diaz, and J. W. Ding, “Nonlinear-absorbing fiber array for large-dynamic-range optical limiting application against intense short laser pulses,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B21(6), 1234–1240 (2004). [CrossRef]
- I. C. Khoo, A. Diaz, M. V. Wood, and P. H. Chen, “Passive optical limiting of picosecond-nanosecond laser pulses using highly nonlinear organic liquid cored fiber array,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.7(5), 760–768 (2001). [CrossRef]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Konstantaki, E. Koudoumas, S. Couris, P. Laine, E. Amouyal, and S. Leach, “Substantial non-linear optical response of new polyads based on Ru and Os complexes of modified terpyridines,” J. Phys. Chem. B105(44), 10797–10804 (2001). [CrossRef]
- M. Konstantaki, E. Koudoumas, S. Couris, P. Laine, E. Amouyal, and S. Leach, “Substantial non-linear optical response of new polyads based on Ru and Os complexes of modified terpyridines,” J. Phys. Chem. B105(44), 10797–10804 (2001). [CrossRef]
- T. D. Krauss and F. W. Wise, “Femtosecond measurement of nonlinear absorption and refraction in CdS, ZnSe, and ZnS,” Appl. Phys. Lett.65(14), 1739–1741 (1994). [CrossRef]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- M. Konstantaki, E. Koudoumas, S. Couris, P. Laine, E. Amouyal, and S. Leach, “Substantial non-linear optical response of new polyads based on Ru and Os complexes of modified terpyridines,” J. Phys. Chem. B105(44), 10797–10804 (2001). [CrossRef]
- M. Konstantaki, E. Koudoumas, S. Couris, P. Laine, E. Amouyal, and S. Leach, “Substantial non-linear optical response of new polyads based on Ru and Os complexes of modified terpyridines,” J. Phys. Chem. B105(44), 10797–10804 (2001). [CrossRef]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, I. Y. S. Lee, X. L. Wu, P. V. Bedworth, C. T. Chen, D. Ng, S. R. Marder, P. Miles, T. Wada, M. Tian, and H. Sasabe, “Organic optical limiter with a strong nonlinear absorptive response,” Science273(5281), 1533–1536 (1996). [CrossRef]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Major, F. Yoshino, J. S. Aitchison, P. W. E. Smith, E. Sorokin, and I. T. Sorokina, “Ultrafast nonresonant third-order optical nonlinearities in ZnSe for photonic switching at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.85(20), 4606–4608 (2004). [CrossRef]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, I. Y. S. Lee, X. L. Wu, P. V. Bedworth, C. T. Chen, D. Ng, S. R. Marder, P. Miles, T. Wada, M. Tian, and H. Sasabe, “Organic optical limiter with a strong nonlinear absorptive response,” Science273(5281), 1533–1536 (1996). [CrossRef]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, S. R. Marder, K. J. Perry, D. Alvarez, and I. Choong, “Enhanced reverse saturable absorption and optical limiting in heavy-atom-substituted phthalocyanines,” Opt. Lett.19(9), 625–627 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, I. Y. S. Lee, X. L. Wu, P. V. Bedworth, C. T. Chen, D. Ng, S. R. Marder, P. Miles, T. Wada, M. Tian, and H. Sasabe, “Organic optical limiter with a strong nonlinear absorptive response,” Science273(5281), 1533–1536 (1996). [CrossRef]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, S. R. Marder, K. J. Perry, D. Alvarez, and I. Choong, “Enhanced reverse saturable absorption and optical limiting in heavy-atom-substituted phthalocyanines,” Opt. Lett.19(9), 625–627 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. L. Sutherland, M. C. Brant, J. Heinrichs, J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. G. McLean, and P. A. Fleitz, “Excited-state characterization and effective three-photon absorption model of two-photon-induced excited-state absorption in organic push-pull charge-transfer chromophores,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B22(9), 1939–1948 (2005). [CrossRef]
- C. J. Yang, S. A. Jenekhe, J. S. Meth, and H. Vanherzeele, “Probing structure-property relationships in third-order nonlinear optical polymers: Third harmonic generation spectroscopy and theoretical modeling of systematically derivatized conjugated aromatic polyimines,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.38(5), 1759–1774 (1999). [CrossRef]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, I. Y. S. Lee, X. L. Wu, P. V. Bedworth, C. T. Chen, D. Ng, S. R. Marder, P. Miles, T. Wada, M. Tian, and H. Sasabe, “Organic optical limiter with a strong nonlinear absorptive response,” Science273(5281), 1533–1536 (1996). [CrossRef]
- T. V. Duncan, K. Song, S. T. Hung, I. Miloradovic, A. Nayak, A. Persoons, T. Verbiest, M. J. Therien, and K. Clays, “Molecular symmetry and solution-phase structure interrogated by hyper-Rayleigh depolarization measurements: elaborating highly hyperpolarizable D2-symmetric chromophores,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.47(16), 2978–2981 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- T. Ishizuka, L. E. Sinks, K. Song, S. T. Hung, A. Nayak, K. Clays, and M. J. Therien, “The roles of molecular structure and effective optical symmetry in evolving dipolar chromophoric building blocks to potent octopolar nonlinear optical chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.133(9), 2884–2896 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, K. Song, S. T. Hung, I. Miloradovic, A. Nayak, A. Persoons, T. Verbiest, M. J. Therien, and K. Clays, “Molecular symmetry and solution-phase structure interrogated by hyper-Rayleigh depolarization measurements: elaborating highly hyperpolarizable D2-symmetric chromophores,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.47(16), 2978–2981 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, I. Y. S. Lee, X. L. Wu, P. V. Bedworth, C. T. Chen, D. Ng, S. R. Marder, P. Miles, T. Wada, M. Tian, and H. Sasabe, “Organic optical limiter with a strong nonlinear absorptive response,” Science273(5281), 1533–1536 (1996). [CrossRef]
- G. E. O'Keefe, G. J. Denton, E. J. Harvey, R. T. Phillips, R. H. Friend, and H. L. Anderson, “Femtosecond transient photoinduced transmission measurements on a novel conjugated zinc porphyrin system,” J. Chem. Phys.104(3), 805–811 (1996). [CrossRef]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- S. H. Chi, J. M. Hales, M. Cozzuol, C. Ochoa, M. Fitzpatrick, and J. W. Perry, “Conjugated polymer-fullerene blend with strong optical limiting in the near-infrared,” Opt. Express17(24), 22062–22072 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. M. Hales, M. Cozzuol, T. E. O. Screen, H. L. Anderson, and J. W. Perry, “Metalloporphyrin polymer with temporally agile, broadband nonlinear absorption for optical limiting in the near infrared,” Opt. Express17(21), 18478–18488 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, I. Y. S. Lee, X. L. Wu, P. V. Bedworth, C. T. Chen, D. Ng, S. R. Marder, P. Miles, T. Wada, M. Tian, and H. Sasabe, “Organic optical limiter with a strong nonlinear absorptive response,” Science273(5281), 1533–1536 (1996). [CrossRef]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, S. R. Marder, K. J. Perry, D. Alvarez, and I. Choong, “Enhanced reverse saturable absorption and optical limiting in heavy-atom-substituted phthalocyanines,” Opt. Lett.19(9), 625–627 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, K. Song, S. T. Hung, I. Miloradovic, A. Nayak, A. Persoons, T. Verbiest, M. J. Therien, and K. Clays, “Molecular symmetry and solution-phase structure interrogated by hyper-Rayleigh depolarization measurements: elaborating highly hyperpolarizable D2-symmetric chromophores,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.47(16), 2978–2981 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. T. Uyeda, Y. X. Zhao, K. Wostyn, I. Asselberghs, K. Clays, A. Persoons, and M. J. Therien, “Unusual frequency dispersion effects of the nonlinear optical response in highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.124(46), 13806–13813 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. E. O'Keefe, G. J. Denton, E. J. Harvey, R. T. Phillips, R. H. Friend, and H. L. Anderson, “Femtosecond transient photoinduced transmission measurements on a novel conjugated zinc porphyrin system,” J. Chem. Phys.104(3), 805–811 (1996). [CrossRef]
- J. J. Butler, J. J. Wathen, S. R. Flom, R. G. S. Pong, and J. S. Shirk, “Optical limiting properties of nonlinear multimode waveguides,” Opt. Lett.28(18), 1689–1691 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. S. Shirk, R. G. S. Pong, S. R. Flom, H. Heckmann, and M. Hanack, “Effect of axial substitution on the optical limiting properties of indium phthalocyanines,” J. Phys. Chem. A104(7), 1438–1449 (2000). [CrossRef]
- J. S. Shirk, R. G. S. Pong, F. J. Bartoli, and A. W. Snow, “Optical limiter using a lead phthalocyanine,” Appl. Phys. Lett.63(14), 1880–1882 (1993). [CrossRef]
- M. Dinu, F. Quochi, and H. Garcia, “Third-order nonlinearities in silicon at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.82(18), 2954–2956 (2003). [CrossRef]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Drobizhev, Y. Stepanenko, Y. Dzenis, A. Karotki, A. Rebane, P. N. Taylor, and H. L. Anderson, “Extremely strong near-IR two-photon absorption in conjugated porphyrin dimers: quantitative description with three-essential-states model,” J. Phys. Chem. B109(15), 7223–7236 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. L. Sutherland, M. C. Brant, J. Heinrichs, J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. G. McLean, and P. A. Fleitz, “Excited-state characterization and effective three-photon absorption model of two-photon-induced excited-state absorption in organic push-pull charge-transfer chromophores,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B22(9), 1939–1948 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. Rosenberg and J. S. Shirk, “Nonlinear absorption in waveguides,” Nonlinear Opt., Quantum Opt.40, 11 (2010).
- T. V. Duncan, I. V. Rubtsov, H. T. Uyeda, and M. J. Therien, “Highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) compounds: long-lived, high oscillator strength, excited-state absorbers having exceptional spectral coverage of the near-infrared,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.126(31), 9474–9475 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. A. Said, M. Sheik-Bahae, D. J. Hagan, T. H. Wei, J. Wang, J. Young, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Determination of bound-electronic and free-carrier nonlinearities in ZnSe, GaAs, CdTe, and ZnTe,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B9(3), 405–414 (1992). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, A. A. Said, T. H. Wei, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Sensitive measurement of optical nonlinearities using a single beam,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.26(4), 760–769 (1990). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, A. A. Said, and E. W. Van Stryland, “High-sensitivity, single-beam n(2) measurements,” Opt. Lett.14(17), 955–957 (1989). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, I. Y. S. Lee, X. L. Wu, P. V. Bedworth, C. T. Chen, D. Ng, S. R. Marder, P. Miles, T. Wada, M. Tian, and H. Sasabe, “Organic optical limiter with a strong nonlinear absorptive response,” Science273(5281), 1533–1536 (1996). [CrossRef]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- J. P. Sauvage, J. P. Collin, J. C. Chambron, S. Guillerez, C. Coudret, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, L. Decola, and L. Flamigni, “Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II) bis(terpyridine) complexes in covalently-linked multicomponent systems: synthesis, electrochemical behavior, absorption spectra, and photochemical and photophysical properties,” Chem. Rev.94(4), 993–1019 (1994). [CrossRef]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. A. Said, M. Sheik-Bahae, D. J. Hagan, T. H. Wei, J. Wang, J. Young, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Determination of bound-electronic and free-carrier nonlinearities in ZnSe, GaAs, CdTe, and ZnTe,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B9(3), 405–414 (1992). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, D. C. Hutchings, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Dispersion of bound electronic nonlinear refraction in Solids,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.27(6), 1296–1309 (1991). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, A. A. Said, T. H. Wei, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Sensitive measurement of optical nonlinearities using a single beam,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.26(4), 760–769 (1990). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, A. A. Said, and E. W. Van Stryland, “High-sensitivity, single-beam n(2) measurements,” Opt. Lett.14(17), 955–957 (1989). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- A. Rosenberg and J. S. Shirk, “Nonlinear absorption in waveguides,” Nonlinear Opt., Quantum Opt.40, 11 (2010).
- J. J. Butler, J. J. Wathen, S. R. Flom, R. G. S. Pong, and J. S. Shirk, “Optical limiting properties of nonlinear multimode waveguides,” Opt. Lett.28(18), 1689–1691 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. S. Shirk, R. G. S. Pong, S. R. Flom, H. Heckmann, and M. Hanack, “Effect of axial substitution on the optical limiting properties of indium phthalocyanines,” J. Phys. Chem. A104(7), 1438–1449 (2000). [CrossRef]
- J. S. Shirk, R. G. S. Pong, F. J. Bartoli, and A. W. Snow, “Optical limiter using a lead phthalocyanine,” Appl. Phys. Lett.63(14), 1880–1882 (1993). [CrossRef]
- T. Ishizuka, L. E. Sinks, K. Song, S. T. Hung, A. Nayak, K. Clays, and M. J. Therien, “The roles of molecular structure and effective optical symmetry in evolving dipolar chromophoric building blocks to potent octopolar nonlinear optical chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.133(9), 2884–2896 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. L. Sutherland, M. C. Brant, J. Heinrichs, J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. G. McLean, and P. A. Fleitz, “Excited-state characterization and effective three-photon absorption model of two-photon-induced excited-state absorption in organic push-pull charge-transfer chromophores,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B22(9), 1939–1948 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. Major, F. Yoshino, J. S. Aitchison, P. W. E. Smith, E. Sorokin, and I. T. Sorokina, “Ultrafast nonresonant third-order optical nonlinearities in ZnSe for photonic switching at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.85(20), 4606–4608 (2004). [CrossRef]
- J. S. Shirk, R. G. S. Pong, F. J. Bartoli, and A. W. Snow, “Optical limiter using a lead phthalocyanine,” Appl. Phys. Lett.63(14), 1880–1882 (1993). [CrossRef]
- T. Ishizuka, L. E. Sinks, K. Song, S. T. Hung, A. Nayak, K. Clays, and M. J. Therien, “The roles of molecular structure and effective optical symmetry in evolving dipolar chromophoric building blocks to potent octopolar nonlinear optical chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.133(9), 2884–2896 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, K. Song, S. T. Hung, I. Miloradovic, A. Nayak, A. Persoons, T. Verbiest, M. J. Therien, and K. Clays, “Molecular symmetry and solution-phase structure interrogated by hyper-Rayleigh depolarization measurements: elaborating highly hyperpolarizable D2-symmetric chromophores,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.47(16), 2978–2981 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Major, F. Yoshino, J. S. Aitchison, P. W. E. Smith, E. Sorokin, and I. T. Sorokina, “Ultrafast nonresonant third-order optical nonlinearities in ZnSe for photonic switching at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.85(20), 4606–4608 (2004). [CrossRef]
- A. Major, F. Yoshino, J. S. Aitchison, P. W. E. Smith, E. Sorokin, and I. T. Sorokina, “Ultrafast nonresonant third-order optical nonlinearities in ZnSe for photonic switching at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.85(20), 4606–4608 (2004). [CrossRef]
- C. W. Spangler, “Recent development in the design of organic materials for optical power limiting,” J. Mater. Chem.9(9), 2013–2020 (1999). [CrossRef]
- M. Drobizhev, Y. Stepanenko, Y. Dzenis, A. Karotki, A. Rebane, P. N. Taylor, and H. L. Anderson, “Extremely strong near-IR two-photon absorption in conjugated porphyrin dimers: quantitative description with three-essential-states model,” J. Phys. Chem. B109(15), 7223–7236 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. L. Sutherland, M. C. Brant, J. Heinrichs, J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. G. McLean, and P. A. Fleitz, “Excited-state characterization and effective three-photon absorption model of two-photon-induced excited-state absorption in organic push-pull charge-transfer chromophores,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B22(9), 1939–1948 (2005). [CrossRef]
- M. Drobizhev, Y. Stepanenko, Y. Dzenis, A. Karotki, A. Rebane, P. N. Taylor, and H. L. Anderson, “Extremely strong near-IR two-photon absorption in conjugated porphyrin dimers: quantitative description with three-essential-states model,” J. Phys. Chem. B109(15), 7223–7236 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Ishizuka, L. E. Sinks, K. Song, S. T. Hung, A. Nayak, K. Clays, and M. J. Therien, “The roles of molecular structure and effective optical symmetry in evolving dipolar chromophoric building blocks to potent octopolar nonlinear optical chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.133(9), 2884–2896 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Keinan, M. J. Therien, D. N. Beratan, and W. T. Yang, “Molecular design of porphyrin-based nonlinear optical materials,” J. Phys. Chem. A112(47), 12203–12207 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, K. Song, S. T. Hung, I. Miloradovic, A. Nayak, A. Persoons, T. Verbiest, M. J. Therien, and K. Clays, “Molecular symmetry and solution-phase structure interrogated by hyper-Rayleigh depolarization measurements: elaborating highly hyperpolarizable D2-symmetric chromophores,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.47(16), 2978–2981 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, T. Ishizuka, and M. J. Therien, “Molecular engineering of intensely near-infrared absorbing excited states in highly conjugated oligo(porphinato)zinc-(polypyridyl)metal(II) supermolecules,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.129(31), 9691–9703 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, I. V. Rubtsov, H. T. Uyeda, and M. J. Therien, “Highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) compounds: long-lived, high oscillator strength, excited-state absorbers having exceptional spectral coverage of the near-infrared,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.126(31), 9474–9475 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. T. Uyeda, Y. X. Zhao, K. Wostyn, I. Asselberghs, K. Clays, A. Persoons, and M. J. Therien, “Unusual frequency dispersion effects of the nonlinear optical response in highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.124(46), 13806–13813 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, I. Y. S. Lee, X. L. Wu, P. V. Bedworth, C. T. Chen, D. Ng, S. R. Marder, P. Miles, T. Wada, M. Tian, and H. Sasabe, “Organic optical limiter with a strong nonlinear absorptive response,” Science273(5281), 1533–1536 (1996). [CrossRef]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- G. de la Torre, P. Vázquez, F. Agulló-López, and T. Torres, “Role of structural factors in the nonlinear optical properties of phthalocyanines and related compounds,” Chem. Rev.104(9), 3723–3750 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, I. V. Rubtsov, H. T. Uyeda, and M. J. Therien, “Highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) compounds: long-lived, high oscillator strength, excited-state absorbers having exceptional spectral coverage of the near-infrared,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.126(31), 9474–9475 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. T. Uyeda, Y. X. Zhao, K. Wostyn, I. Asselberghs, K. Clays, A. Persoons, and M. J. Therien, “Unusual frequency dispersion effects of the nonlinear optical response in highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.124(46), 13806–13813 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. A. Said, M. Sheik-Bahae, D. J. Hagan, T. H. Wei, J. Wang, J. Young, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Determination of bound-electronic and free-carrier nonlinearities in ZnSe, GaAs, CdTe, and ZnTe,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B9(3), 405–414 (1992). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, D. C. Hutchings, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Dispersion of bound electronic nonlinear refraction in Solids,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.27(6), 1296–1309 (1991). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, A. A. Said, T. H. Wei, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Sensitive measurement of optical nonlinearities using a single beam,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.26(4), 760–769 (1990). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, A. A. Said, and E. W. Van Stryland, “High-sensitivity, single-beam n(2) measurements,” Opt. Lett.14(17), 955–957 (1989). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. W. Vance and J. T. Hupp, “Probing the symmetry of the nonlinear optic chromophore Ru(trans-4,4 '-diethylaminostyryl-2,2 '-bipyridine)32+: Insight from polarized Hyper-Rayleigh scattering and electroabsorption (Stark) spectroscopy,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.121(16), 4047–4053 (1999). [CrossRef]
- C. J. Yang, S. A. Jenekhe, J. S. Meth, and H. Vanherzeele, “Probing structure-property relationships in third-order nonlinear optical polymers: Third harmonic generation spectroscopy and theoretical modeling of systematically derivatized conjugated aromatic polyimines,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.38(5), 1759–1774 (1999). [CrossRef]
- G. de la Torre, P. Vázquez, F. Agulló-López, and T. Torres, “Role of structural factors in the nonlinear optical properties of phthalocyanines and related compounds,” Chem. Rev.104(9), 3723–3750 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, K. Song, S. T. Hung, I. Miloradovic, A. Nayak, A. Persoons, T. Verbiest, M. J. Therien, and K. Clays, “Molecular symmetry and solution-phase structure interrogated by hyper-Rayleigh depolarization measurements: elaborating highly hyperpolarizable D2-symmetric chromophores,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.47(16), 2978–2981 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Juris, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, S. Campagna, P. Belser, and A. Vonzelewsky, “Ru(II) polypyridine complexes - photophysics, photochemistry, electrochemistry, and chemi-luminescence,” Coord. Chem. Rev.84, 85–277 (1988). [CrossRef]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, I. Y. S. Lee, X. L. Wu, P. V. Bedworth, C. T. Chen, D. Ng, S. R. Marder, P. Miles, T. Wada, M. Tian, and H. Sasabe, “Organic optical limiter with a strong nonlinear absorptive response,” Science273(5281), 1533–1536 (1996). [CrossRef]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. A. Said, M. Sheik-Bahae, D. J. Hagan, T. H. Wei, J. Wang, J. Young, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Determination of bound-electronic and free-carrier nonlinearities in ZnSe, GaAs, CdTe, and ZnTe,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B9(3), 405–414 (1992). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, A. A. Said, T. H. Wei, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Sensitive measurement of optical nonlinearities using a single beam,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.26(4), 760–769 (1990). [CrossRef]
- T. D. Krauss and F. W. Wise, “Femtosecond measurement of nonlinear absorption and refraction in CdS, ZnSe, and ZnS,” Appl. Phys. Lett.65(14), 1739–1741 (1994). [CrossRef]
- I. C. Khoo, A. Diaz, M. V. Wood, and P. H. Chen, “Passive optical limiting of picosecond-nanosecond laser pulses using highly nonlinear organic liquid cored fiber array,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.7(5), 760–768 (2001). [CrossRef]
- H. T. Uyeda, Y. X. Zhao, K. Wostyn, I. Asselberghs, K. Clays, A. Persoons, and M. J. Therien, “Unusual frequency dispersion effects of the nonlinear optical response in highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.124(46), 13806–13813 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, I. Y. S. Lee, X. L. Wu, P. V. Bedworth, C. T. Chen, D. Ng, S. R. Marder, P. Miles, T. Wada, M. Tian, and H. Sasabe, “Organic optical limiter with a strong nonlinear absorptive response,” Science273(5281), 1533–1536 (1996). [CrossRef]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- C. J. Yang, S. A. Jenekhe, J. S. Meth, and H. Vanherzeele, “Probing structure-property relationships in third-order nonlinear optical polymers: Third harmonic generation spectroscopy and theoretical modeling of systematically derivatized conjugated aromatic polyimines,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.38(5), 1759–1774 (1999). [CrossRef]
- S. Keinan, M. J. Therien, D. N. Beratan, and W. T. Yang, “Molecular design of porphyrin-based nonlinear optical materials,” J. Phys. Chem. A112(47), 12203–12207 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Major, F. Yoshino, J. S. Aitchison, P. W. E. Smith, E. Sorokin, and I. T. Sorokina, “Ultrafast nonresonant third-order optical nonlinearities in ZnSe for photonic switching at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.85(20), 4606–4608 (2004). [CrossRef]
- H. T. Uyeda, Y. X. Zhao, K. Wostyn, I. Asselberghs, K. Clays, A. Persoons, and M. J. Therien, “Unusual frequency dispersion effects of the nonlinear optical response in highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.124(46), 13806–13813 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.
- T. V. Duncan, K. Song, S. T. Hung, I. Miloradovic, A. Nayak, A. Persoons, T. Verbiest, M. J. Therien, and K. Clays, “Molecular symmetry and solution-phase structure interrogated by hyper-Rayleigh depolarization measurements: elaborating highly hyperpolarizable D2-symmetric chromophores,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.47(16), 2978–2981 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Appl. Opt.
- D. Milam, “Review and assessment of measured values of the nonlinear refractive-index coefficient of fused silica,” Appl. Opt.37(3), 546–550 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Appl. Phys. Lett.
- A. Major, F. Yoshino, J. S. Aitchison, P. W. E. Smith, E. Sorokin, and I. T. Sorokina, “Ultrafast nonresonant third-order optical nonlinearities in ZnSe for photonic switching at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.85(20), 4606–4608 (2004). [CrossRef]
- T. D. Krauss and F. W. Wise, “Femtosecond measurement of nonlinear absorption and refraction in CdS, ZnSe, and ZnS,” Appl. Phys. Lett.65(14), 1739–1741 (1994). [CrossRef]
- M. Dinu, F. Quochi, and H. Garcia, “Third-order nonlinearities in silicon at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.82(18), 2954–2956 (2003). [CrossRef]
- J. S. Shirk, R. G. S. Pong, F. J. Bartoli, and A. W. Snow, “Optical limiter using a lead phthalocyanine,” Appl. Phys. Lett.63(14), 1880–1882 (1993). [CrossRef]
Chem. Rev.
- G. de la Torre, P. Vázquez, F. Agulló-López, and T. Torres, “Role of structural factors in the nonlinear optical properties of phthalocyanines and related compounds,” Chem. Rev.104(9), 3723–3750 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. P. Sauvage, J. P. Collin, J. C. Chambron, S. Guillerez, C. Coudret, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, L. Decola, and L. Flamigni, “Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II) bis(terpyridine) complexes in covalently-linked multicomponent systems: synthesis, electrochemical behavior, absorption spectra, and photochemical and photophysical properties,” Chem. Rev.94(4), 993–1019 (1994). [CrossRef]
Coord. Chem. Rev.
- A. Juris, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, S. Campagna, P. Belser, and A. Vonzelewsky, “Ru(II) polypyridine complexes - photophysics, photochemistry, electrochemistry, and chemi-luminescence,” Coord. Chem. Rev.84, 85–277 (1988). [CrossRef]
IEEE J. Quantum Electron.
- M. Sheik-Bahae, A. A. Said, T. H. Wei, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Sensitive measurement of optical nonlinearities using a single beam,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.26(4), 760–769 (1990). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, D. C. Hutchings, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Dispersion of bound electronic nonlinear refraction in Solids,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.27(6), 1296–1309 (1991). [CrossRef]
IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
- I. C. Khoo, A. Diaz, M. V. Wood, and P. H. Chen, “Passive optical limiting of picosecond-nanosecond laser pulses using highly nonlinear organic liquid cored fiber array,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.7(5), 760–768 (2001). [CrossRef]
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
- C. J. Yang, S. A. Jenekhe, J. S. Meth, and H. Vanherzeele, “Probing structure-property relationships in third-order nonlinear optical polymers: Third harmonic generation spectroscopy and theoretical modeling of systematically derivatized conjugated aromatic polyimines,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.38(5), 1759–1774 (1999). [CrossRef]
Inorg. Chem.
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
- T. V. Duncan, I. V. Rubtsov, H. T. Uyeda, and M. J. Therien, “Highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) compounds: long-lived, high oscillator strength, excited-state absorbers having exceptional spectral coverage of the near-infrared,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.126(31), 9474–9475 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. W. Vance and J. T. Hupp, “Probing the symmetry of the nonlinear optic chromophore Ru(trans-4,4 '-diethylaminostyryl-2,2 '-bipyridine)32+: Insight from polarized Hyper-Rayleigh scattering and electroabsorption (Stark) spectroscopy,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.121(16), 4047–4053 (1999). [CrossRef]
- T. Ishizuka, L. E. Sinks, K. Song, S. T. Hung, A. Nayak, K. Clays, and M. J. Therien, “The roles of molecular structure and effective optical symmetry in evolving dipolar chromophoric building blocks to potent octopolar nonlinear optical chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.133(9), 2884–2896 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- H. T. Uyeda, Y. X. Zhao, K. Wostyn, I. Asselberghs, K. Clays, A. Persoons, and M. J. Therien, “Unusual frequency dispersion effects of the nonlinear optical response in highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.124(46), 13806–13813 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, T. Ishizuka, and M. J. Therien, “Molecular engineering of intensely near-infrared absorbing excited states in highly conjugated oligo(porphinato)zinc-(polypyridyl)metal(II) supermolecules,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.129(31), 9691–9703 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Chem. Phys.
- G. E. O'Keefe, G. J. Denton, E. J. Harvey, R. T. Phillips, R. H. Friend, and H. L. Anderson, “Femtosecond transient photoinduced transmission measurements on a novel conjugated zinc porphyrin system,” J. Chem. Phys.104(3), 805–811 (1996). [CrossRef]
J. Mater. Chem.
- C. W. Spangler, “Recent development in the design of organic materials for optical power limiting,” J. Mater. Chem.9(9), 2013–2020 (1999). [CrossRef]
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B
- K. W. DeLong, R. Trebino, J. Hunter, and W. E. White, “Frequency-resolved optical gating with the use of second-harmonic generation,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B11(11), 2206–2215 (1994). [CrossRef]
- A. A. Said, M. Sheik-Bahae, D. J. Hagan, T. H. Wei, J. Wang, J. Young, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Determination of bound-electronic and free-carrier nonlinearities in ZnSe, GaAs, CdTe, and ZnTe,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B9(3), 405–414 (1992). [CrossRef]
- I. C. Khoo, A. Diaz, and J. W. Ding, “Nonlinear-absorbing fiber array for large-dynamic-range optical limiting application against intense short laser pulses,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B21(6), 1234–1240 (2004). [CrossRef]
- R. L. Sutherland, M. C. Brant, J. Heinrichs, J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. G. McLean, and P. A. Fleitz, “Excited-state characterization and effective three-photon absorption model of two-photon-induced excited-state absorption in organic push-pull charge-transfer chromophores,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B22(9), 1939–1948 (2005). [CrossRef]
J. Phys. Chem. A
- J. S. Shirk, R. G. S. Pong, S. R. Flom, H. Heckmann, and M. Hanack, “Effect of axial substitution on the optical limiting properties of indium phthalocyanines,” J. Phys. Chem. A104(7), 1438–1449 (2000). [CrossRef]
- S. Keinan, M. J. Therien, D. N. Beratan, and W. T. Yang, “Molecular design of porphyrin-based nonlinear optical materials,” J. Phys. Chem. A112(47), 12203–12207 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Phys. Chem. B
- M. Konstantaki, E. Koudoumas, S. Couris, P. Laine, E. Amouyal, and S. Leach, “Substantial non-linear optical response of new polyads based on Ru and Os complexes of modified terpyridines,” J. Phys. Chem. B105(44), 10797–10804 (2001). [CrossRef]
- M. Drobizhev, Y. Stepanenko, Y. Dzenis, A. Karotki, A. Rebane, P. N. Taylor, and H. L. Anderson, “Extremely strong near-IR two-photon absorption in conjugated porphyrin dimers: quantitative description with three-essential-states model,” J. Phys. Chem. B109(15), 7223–7236 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Nonlinear Opt., Quantum Opt.
- A. Rosenberg and J. S. Shirk, “Nonlinear absorption in waveguides,” Nonlinear Opt., Quantum Opt.40, 11 (2010).
Opt. Express
- S. H. Chi, J. M. Hales, M. Cozzuol, C. Ochoa, M. Fitzpatrick, and J. W. Perry, “Conjugated polymer-fullerene blend with strong optical limiting in the near-infrared,” Opt. Express17(24), 22062–22072 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. M. Hales, M. Cozzuol, T. E. O. Screen, H. L. Anderson, and J. W. Perry, “Metalloporphyrin polymer with temporally agile, broadband nonlinear absorption for optical limiting in the near infrared,” Opt. Express17(21), 18478–18488 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Lett.
- J. J. Butler, J. J. Wathen, S. R. Flom, R. G. S. Pong, and J. S. Shirk, “Optical limiting properties of nonlinear multimode waveguides,” Opt. Lett.28(18), 1689–1691 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, S. R. Marder, K. J. Perry, D. Alvarez, and I. Choong, “Enhanced reverse saturable absorption and optical limiting in heavy-atom-substituted phthalocyanines,” Opt. Lett.19(9), 625–627 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, A. A. Said, and E. W. Van Stryland, “High-sensitivity, single-beam n(2) measurements,” Opt. Lett.14(17), 955–957 (1989). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Science
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, I. Y. S. Lee, X. L. Wu, P. V. Bedworth, C. T. Chen, D. Ng, S. R. Marder, P. Miles, T. Wada, M. Tian, and H. Sasabe, “Organic optical limiter with a strong nonlinear absorptive response,” Science273(5281), 1533–1536 (1996). [CrossRef]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Other
- E. W. Van Stryland and M. Sheik-Bahae, “Z-Scan measurements of optical nonlinearities,” in Characterization techniques and tabulation for organic nonlinear materials, M. G. Kuzyk, and C. W. Dirk, eds. (Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1998), pp. 655–692.
2011, Ishizuka, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
- T. Ishizuka, L. E. Sinks, K. Song, S. T. Hung, A. Nayak, K. Clays, and M. J. Therien, “The roles of molecular structure and effective optical symmetry in evolving dipolar chromophoric building blocks to potent octopolar nonlinear optical chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.133(9), 2884–2896 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Rosenberg and J. S. Shirk, “Nonlinear absorption in waveguides,” Nonlinear Opt., Quantum Opt.40, 11 (2010).
- S. Keinan, M. J. Therien, D. N. Beratan, and W. T. Yang, “Molecular design of porphyrin-based nonlinear optical materials,” J. Phys. Chem. A112(47), 12203–12207 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, K. Song, S. T. Hung, I. Miloradovic, A. Nayak, A. Persoons, T. Verbiest, M. J. Therien, and K. Clays, “Molecular symmetry and solution-phase structure interrogated by hyper-Rayleigh depolarization measurements: elaborating highly hyperpolarizable D2-symmetric chromophores,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.47(16), 2978–2981 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. M. Krein, A. R. Burke, B. C. Hall, A. Fratini, D. G. McLean, P. A. Fleitz, T. M. Cooper, M. Drobizhev, N. S. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. Y. Kim, R. Farley, and K. S. Schanze, “Platinum acetylide two-photon chromophores,” Inorg. Chem.46(16), 6483–6494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Duncan, T. Ishizuka, and M. J. Therien, “Molecular engineering of intensely near-infrared absorbing excited states in highly conjugated oligo(porphinato)zinc-(polypyridyl)metal(II) supermolecules,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.129(31), 9691–9703 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Drobizhev, Y. Stepanenko, Y. Dzenis, A. Karotki, A. Rebane, P. N. Taylor, and H. L. Anderson, “Extremely strong near-IR two-photon absorption in conjugated porphyrin dimers: quantitative description with three-essential-states model,” J. Phys. Chem. B109(15), 7223–7236 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. L. Sutherland, M. C. Brant, J. Heinrichs, J. E. Rogers, J. E. Slagle, D. G. McLean, and P. A. Fleitz, “Excited-state characterization and effective three-photon absorption model of two-photon-induced excited-state absorption in organic push-pull charge-transfer chromophores,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B22(9), 1939–1948 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. Major, F. Yoshino, J. S. Aitchison, P. W. E. Smith, E. Sorokin, and I. T. Sorokina, “Ultrafast nonresonant third-order optical nonlinearities in ZnSe for photonic switching at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.85(20), 4606–4608 (2004). [CrossRef]
- T. V. Duncan, I. V. Rubtsov, H. T. Uyeda, and M. J. Therien, “Highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) compounds: long-lived, high oscillator strength, excited-state absorbers having exceptional spectral coverage of the near-infrared,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.126(31), 9474–9475 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. de la Torre, P. Vázquez, F. Agulló-López, and T. Torres, “Role of structural factors in the nonlinear optical properties of phthalocyanines and related compounds,” Chem. Rev.104(9), 3723–3750 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Dinu, F. Quochi, and H. Garcia, “Third-order nonlinearities in silicon at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.82(18), 2954–2956 (2003). [CrossRef]
- H. T. Uyeda, Y. X. Zhao, K. Wostyn, I. Asselberghs, K. Clays, A. Persoons, and M. J. Therien, “Unusual frequency dispersion effects of the nonlinear optical response in highly conjugated (polypyridyl)metal-(porphinato)zinc(II) chromophores,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.124(46), 13806–13813 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Konstantaki, E. Koudoumas, S. Couris, P. Laine, E. Amouyal, and S. Leach, “Substantial non-linear optical response of new polyads based on Ru and Os complexes of modified terpyridines,” J. Phys. Chem. B105(44), 10797–10804 (2001). [CrossRef]
- I. C. Khoo, A. Diaz, M. V. Wood, and P. H. Chen, “Passive optical limiting of picosecond-nanosecond laser pulses using highly nonlinear organic liquid cored fiber array,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.7(5), 760–768 (2001). [CrossRef]
- J. S. Shirk, R. G. S. Pong, S. R. Flom, H. Heckmann, and M. Hanack, “Effect of axial substitution on the optical limiting properties of indium phthalocyanines,” J. Phys. Chem. A104(7), 1438–1449 (2000). [CrossRef]
- C. W. Spangler, “Recent development in the design of organic materials for optical power limiting,” J. Mater. Chem.9(9), 2013–2020 (1999). [CrossRef]
- C. J. Yang, S. A. Jenekhe, J. S. Meth, and H. Vanherzeele, “Probing structure-property relationships in third-order nonlinear optical polymers: Third harmonic generation spectroscopy and theoretical modeling of systematically derivatized conjugated aromatic polyimines,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.38(5), 1759–1774 (1999). [CrossRef]
- F. W. Vance and J. T. Hupp, “Probing the symmetry of the nonlinear optic chromophore Ru(trans-4,4 '-diethylaminostyryl-2,2 '-bipyridine)32+: Insight from polarized Hyper-Rayleigh scattering and electroabsorption (Stark) spectroscopy,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.121(16), 4047–4053 (1999). [CrossRef]
- M. Albota, D. Beljonne, J. L. Brédas, J. E. Ehrlich, J. Y. Fu, A. A. Heikal, S. E. Hess, T. Kogej, M. D. Levin, S. R. Marder, D. McCord-Maughon, J. W. Perry, H. Röckel, M. Rumi, G. Subramaniam, W. W. Webb, X. L. Wu, and C. Xu, “Design of organic molecules with large two-photon absorption cross sections,” Science281(5383), 1653–1656 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. W. Perry, K. Mansour, I. Y. S. Lee, X. L. Wu, P. V. Bedworth, C. T. Chen, D. Ng, S. R. Marder, P. Miles, T. Wada, M. Tian, and H. Sasabe, “Organic optical limiter with a strong nonlinear absorptive response,” Science273(5281), 1533–1536 (1996). [CrossRef]
- T. Yamamoto, Z. H. Zhou, T. Kanbara, M. Shimura, K. Kizu, T. Maruyama, Y. Nakamura, T. Fukuda, B. L. Lee, N. Ooba, S. Tomaru, T. Kurihara, T. Kaino, K. Kubota, and S. Sasaki, “π-Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers constituted of π-excessive and π-deficient arylene units. Optical and electrochemical properties in relation to CT structure of the polymer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(43), 10389–10399 (1996). [CrossRef]
- G. E. O'Keefe, G. J. Denton, E. J. Harvey, R. T. Phillips, R. H. Friend, and H. L. Anderson, “Femtosecond transient photoinduced transmission measurements on a novel conjugated zinc porphyrin system,” J. Chem. Phys.104(3), 805–811 (1996). [CrossRef]
- J. P. Sauvage, J. P. Collin, J. C. Chambron, S. Guillerez, C. Coudret, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, L. Decola, and L. Flamigni, “Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II) bis(terpyridine) complexes in covalently-linked multicomponent systems: synthesis, electrochemical behavior, absorption spectra, and photochemical and photophysical properties,” Chem. Rev.94(4), 993–1019 (1994). [CrossRef]
- T. D. Krauss and F. W. Wise, “Femtosecond measurement of nonlinear absorption and refraction in CdS, ZnSe, and ZnS,” Appl. Phys. Lett.65(14), 1739–1741 (1994). [CrossRef]
- J. S. Shirk, R. G. S. Pong, F. J. Bartoli, and A. W. Snow, “Optical limiter using a lead phthalocyanine,” Appl. Phys. Lett.63(14), 1880–1882 (1993). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, D. C. Hutchings, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Dispersion of bound electronic nonlinear refraction in Solids,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.27(6), 1296–1309 (1991). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, A. A. Said, T. H. Wei, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Sensitive measurement of optical nonlinearities using a single beam,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.26(4), 760–769 (1990). [CrossRef]
- A. Juris, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, S. Campagna, P. Belser, and A. Vonzelewsky, “Ru(II) polypyridine complexes - photophysics, photochemistry, electrochemistry, and chemi-luminescence,” Coord. Chem. Rev.84, 85–277 (1988). [CrossRef]
Cited By |
OSA is able to provide readers links to articles that cite this paper by participating in CrossRef's Cited-By Linking service. CrossRef includes content from more than 3000 publishers and societies. In addition to listing OSA journal articles that cite this paper, citing articles from other participating publishers will also be listed.
Related Journal Articles 
- Fourier analysis of the femtosecond hyper-Rayleigh scattering signal from ionic fluorescent hemicyanine dyes (JOSAB)
- Novel electro-optic molecular cocrystals with ideal chromophoric orientation and large second-order optical nonlinearities (JOSAB)
- Measurements of the hyperpolarizability tensor by means of hyper-Rayleigh scattering (JOSAB)
- Theoretical upper limits and experimental overestimates for molecular hyperpolarizabilities: a symbiosis (OL)
- Optical-limiting response of rare-earth metallo-phthalocyanine-doped copolymer matrix (JOSAB)
Related Conference Papers 
- Toward the Realization of Practicable Materials for Chi(3) Based Photonic Applications
- Large Specific Third Order Polarizabilities in Organic Molecules for Vapor Deposition
- Highly Efficient Generation of THz Pulses Using Laser Pulses at Telecommunication Wavelengths
- Ultrafast Exciton Response of High Optical Density J-aggregates from Ultrathin Films of Cyanine Dyes
- Second-harmonic generation in nonpolar chiral materials: relationship between molecular and macroscopic properties
- Second-harmonic generation in nonpolar chiral materials: relationship between molecular and macroscopic properties
- Firefox 11+
- Google Chrome 17+
- Internet Explorer 9+
- Safari 5+




OSA is a member of 