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Hybrid retinal imager using line-scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and spectral domain optical coherence tomography
Nicusor V. Iftimia, Daniel X. Hammer, Chad E. Bigelow, Teoman Ustun, Johannes F. de Boer, and R. D. Ferguson »View Author Affiliations
1Physical Sciences, Inc., Andover, MA 01810
2Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, MA 02248
Optics Express, Vol. 14, Issue 26, pp. 12909-12914 (2006)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.14.012909
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Abstract
We demonstrate for the first time the integration of two technologies, Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SDOCT) and Line-Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy (LSLO) into a single compact instrument that shares the same imaging optics and line scan camera for both OCT and LSLO imaging. Co-registered high contrast wide-field en face retinal LSLO and SDOCT images are obtained non-mydriatically with less than 600 microwatts of broadband illumination at 15 frames/sec. The LSLO/SDOCT hybrid instrument could have important applications in clinical ophthalmic diagnostics and emergency medicine.
© 2006 Optical Society of America
OCIS Codes
(120.3890) Instrumentation, measurement, and metrology : Medical optics instrumentation
(170.0170) Medical optics and biotechnology : Medical optics and biotechnology
ToC Category:
Medical Optics and Biotechnology
History
Original Manuscript: October 13, 2006
Revised Manuscript: December 8, 2006
Manuscript Accepted: December 15, 2006
Published: December 22, 2006
Virtual Issues
Vol. 2, Iss. 1 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics
Citation
Nicusor V. Iftimia, Daniel X. Hammer, Chad E. Bigelow, Teoman Ustun, Johannes F. de Boer, and R. D. Ferguson, "Hybrid retinal imager using line-scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and spectral domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 14, 12909-12914 (2006)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/vjbo/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-14-26-12909
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References
- D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, "Optical coherence tomography," Science 254, 1178-1181 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Nassif, B. Cense, B. Park, M. Pierce, S. Yun, B. Bouma, G. Tearney, T. Chen, and J. de Boer, "In vivo high-resolution video-rate spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of the human retina and optic nerve," Opt. Express 12, 367-376 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Leitgeb, L. Schmetterer, W. Drexler, A. Fercher, "Real-time assessment of retinal blood flow with ultrafast acquisition by color doppler fourier domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 11, 3116-3121 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Cense, N. A. Nassif, T. C. Chen, M. C. Pierce, S. H. Yun, B. H. Park, B. E. Bouma, G. J. Tearney, and J. F. de Boer, "Ultrahigh-resolution high-speed retinal imaging using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 12, 2435-2447 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Wojtkowski, T. Bajraszewski, P. Targowski, A. Kowalczyk, "Real-time in vivo imaging by high-speed spectral optical coherence tomography," Opt. Lett. 28, 1745-1747 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Leitgeb, C.K. Hitzenberger and A.F. Fercher, "Performance of fourier domain vs. time domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 11, 889-894 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J.F. de Boer, B. Cense, B.H. Park, et al., "Improved signal-to-noise ratio in spectral-domain compared with timedomain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Lett. 28, 2067-2069 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M.A. Choma, M.V. Sarunic, C.H. Yang and J.A. Izatt, "Sensitivity advantage of swept source and Fourier domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 11, 2183-2189 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Daniel X. Hammer, R. Daniel Ferguson,Teoman E. Ustun, Chad E. Bigelow, Nicusor V . Iftimia, and Robert H. Webb, "Line-scanning laser ophthalmoscope", J. Biomed. Opt. 11, 041126, (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. X. Hammer, R. D. Ferguson, J. C. Magill, M. A. White, A. E. Elsner, and R. H. Webb, "Image stabilization for scanning laser ophthalmoscopy," Opt. Express 10, 1542-1549 (2002). [PubMed]
- D. Hammer, R. D. Ferguson, N. Iftimia, T. Ustun, G. Wollstein, H. Ishikawa, M. Gabriele, W. Dilworth, L. Kagemann, and J. Schuman, "Advanced scanning methods with tracking optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 13, 7937-7947 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. V. Iftimia, D. X. Hammer, C. E. Bigelow, D. I. Rosen, T. Ustun, A. A. Ferrante, D. Vu, and R. D. Ferguson, "Toward noninvasive measurement of blood hematocrit using spectral domain low coherence interferometry and retinal tracking," Opt. Express 14, 3377-88(2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Cense, N. A. Nassif, T. C. Chen, M. C. Pierce, S. H. Yun, B. H. Park, B. E. Bouma, G. J. Tearney, and J. F. de Boer, "Ultrahigh-resolution high-speed retinal imaging using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 12, 2435-2447 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Nassif, B. Cense, B. Park, M. Pierce, S. Yun, B. Bouma, G. Tearney, T. Chen, and J. de Boer, "In vivo high-resolution video-rate spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of the human retina and optic nerve," Opt. Express 12, 367-376 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J.F. de Boer, B. Cense, B.H. Park, et al., "Improved signal-to-noise ratio in spectral-domain compared with timedomain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Lett. 28, 2067-2069 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, "Optical coherence tomography," Science 254, 1178-1181 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. V. Iftimia, D. X. Hammer, C. E. Bigelow, D. I. Rosen, T. Ustun, A. A. Ferrante, D. Vu, and R. D. Ferguson, "Toward noninvasive measurement of blood hematocrit using spectral domain low coherence interferometry and retinal tracking," Opt. Express 14, 3377-88(2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Hammer, R. D. Ferguson, N. Iftimia, T. Ustun, G. Wollstein, H. Ishikawa, M. Gabriele, W. Dilworth, L. Kagemann, and J. Schuman, "Advanced scanning methods with tracking optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 13, 7937-7947 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. X. Hammer, R. D. Ferguson, J. C. Magill, M. A. White, A. E. Elsner, and R. H. Webb, "Image stabilization for scanning laser ophthalmoscopy," Opt. Express 10, 1542-1549 (2002). [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, "Optical coherence tomography," Science 254, 1178-1181 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, "Optical coherence tomography," Science 254, 1178-1181 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. V. Iftimia, D. X. Hammer, C. E. Bigelow, D. I. Rosen, T. Ustun, A. A. Ferrante, D. Vu, and R. D. Ferguson, "Toward noninvasive measurement of blood hematocrit using spectral domain low coherence interferometry and retinal tracking," Opt. Express 14, 3377-88(2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. X. Hammer, R. D. Ferguson, J. C. Magill, M. A. White, A. E. Elsner, and R. H. Webb, "Image stabilization for scanning laser ophthalmoscopy," Opt. Express 10, 1542-1549 (2002). [PubMed]
- D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, "Optical coherence tomography," Science 254, 1178-1181 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, "Optical coherence tomography," Science 254, 1178-1181 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Leitgeb, C.K. Hitzenberger and A.F. Fercher, "Performance of fourier domain vs. time domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 11, 889-894 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Leitgeb, L. Schmetterer, W. Drexler, A. Fercher, "Real-time assessment of retinal blood flow with ultrafast acquisition by color doppler fourier domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 11, 3116-3121 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, "Optical coherence tomography," Science 254, 1178-1181 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, "Optical coherence tomography," Science 254, 1178-1181 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, "Optical coherence tomography," Science 254, 1178-1181 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, "Optical coherence tomography," Science 254, 1178-1181 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, "Optical coherence tomography," Science 254, 1178-1181 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. V. Iftimia, D. X. Hammer, C. E. Bigelow, D. I. Rosen, T. Ustun, A. A. Ferrante, D. Vu, and R. D. Ferguson, "Toward noninvasive measurement of blood hematocrit using spectral domain low coherence interferometry and retinal tracking," Opt. Express 14, 3377-88(2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Hammer, R. D. Ferguson, N. Iftimia, T. Ustun, G. Wollstein, H. Ishikawa, M. Gabriele, W. Dilworth, L. Kagemann, and J. Schuman, "Advanced scanning methods with tracking optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 13, 7937-7947 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J Biomed Opt.
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Express
- D. X. Hammer, R. D. Ferguson, J. C. Magill, M. A. White, A. E. Elsner, and R. H. Webb, "Image stabilization for scanning laser ophthalmoscopy," Opt. Express 10, 1542-1549 (2002). [PubMed]
- D. Hammer, R. D. Ferguson, N. Iftimia, T. Ustun, G. Wollstein, H. Ishikawa, M. Gabriele, W. Dilworth, L. Kagemann, and J. Schuman, "Advanced scanning methods with tracking optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 13, 7937-7947 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. V. Iftimia, D. X. Hammer, C. E. Bigelow, D. I. Rosen, T. Ustun, A. A. Ferrante, D. Vu, and R. D. Ferguson, "Toward noninvasive measurement of blood hematocrit using spectral domain low coherence interferometry and retinal tracking," Opt. Express 14, 3377-88(2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Nassif, B. Cense, B. Park, M. Pierce, S. Yun, B. Bouma, G. Tearney, T. Chen, and J. de Boer, "In vivo high-resolution video-rate spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of the human retina and optic nerve," Opt. Express 12, 367-376 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Leitgeb, L. Schmetterer, W. Drexler, A. Fercher, "Real-time assessment of retinal blood flow with ultrafast acquisition by color doppler fourier domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 11, 3116-3121 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Cense, N. A. Nassif, T. C. Chen, M. C. Pierce, S. H. Yun, B. H. Park, B. E. Bouma, G. J. Tearney, and J. F. de Boer, "Ultrahigh-resolution high-speed retinal imaging using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 12, 2435-2447 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Leitgeb, C.K. Hitzenberger and A.F. Fercher, "Performance of fourier domain vs. time domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 11, 889-894 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M.A. Choma, M.V. Sarunic, C.H. Yang and J.A. Izatt, "Sensitivity advantage of swept source and Fourier domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 11, 2183-2189 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Lett.
- J.F. de Boer, B. Cense, B.H. Park, et al., "Improved signal-to-noise ratio in spectral-domain compared with timedomain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Lett. 28, 2067-2069 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Wojtkowski, T. Bajraszewski, P. Targowski, A. Kowalczyk, "Real-time in vivo imaging by high-speed spectral optical coherence tomography," Opt. Lett. 28, 1745-1747 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Science
- D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, "Optical coherence tomography," Science 254, 1178-1181 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Other
- Daniel X. Hammer, R. Daniel Ferguson,Teoman E. Ustun, Chad E. Bigelow, Nicusor V . Iftimia, and Robert H. Webb, "Line-scanning laser ophthalmoscope", J. Biomed. Opt. 11, 041126, (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
2006, Iftimia, Opt. Express
- A.G. Podoleanu, G.M. Dobre, R.C. Cucu, R.B. Rosen, P. Garcia, J. Nieto, D. Will, R. Gentile, T. Muldoon, J. Walsh, L.A. Yannuzzi, Y. Fisher, D. Orlock, R. Weitz, J.A. Rogers, S. Dunne, A. Boxer, "Combined multiplanar optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy", J Biomed Opt. 9, 86-93 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, "Optical coherence tomography," Science 254, 1178-1181 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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