Optics InfoBase > Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics > Volume 1 > Issue 4 > Page 2211
Multimodal near infrared spectral imaging as an exploratory tool for dysplastic esophageal lesion identification
Chad A. Lieber, Shiro Urayama, Nazir Rahim, Raymond Tu, Ramez Saroufeem, Boris Reubner, and Stavros G. Demos »View Author Affiliations
Chad A. Lieber,1
Shiro Urayama,2
Nazir Rahim,2
Raymond Tu,2
Ramez Saroufeem,3
Boris Reubner,3
and Stavros G. Demos4
1UC Davis-Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology, 4800 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817
2UC Davis Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 4400 V Street, Sacramento, CA 95817
3UC Davis Medical Center, Department of Pathology, 4400 V Street, Sacramento, CA 95817
4Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551 and UC Davis Medical School, Department of Urology, 4860 Y Street, Sacramento, CA 95817
Optics Express, Vol. 14, Issue 6, pp. 2211-2219 (2006)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.14.002211
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Abstract
We explore nine different combinations of fluorescence, light scattering, and polarization spectral imaging approaches in the near-infrared spectral region toward the diagnosis of pathologic and normal esophageal lesions. The combinations of all the imaging techniques were evaluated for maximal sensitivity and specificity. The results suggest that this multimodal approach is capable of highly accurate detection of the presence of pathologic tissue.
© 2006 Optical Society of America
OCIS Codes
(170.3880) Medical optics and biotechnology : Medical and biological imaging
(170.6510) Medical optics and biotechnology : Spectroscopy, tissue diagnostics
ToC Category:
Medical Optics and Biotechnology
History
Original Manuscript: November 22, 2005
Revised Manuscript: March 6, 2006
Manuscript Accepted: March 8, 2006
Published: March 20, 2006
Virtual Issues
Vol. 1, Iss. 4 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics
Citation
Chad A. Lieber, Shiro Urayama, Nazir Rahim, Raymond Tu, Ramez Saroufeem, Boris Reubner, and Stavros G. Demos, "Multimodal near infrared spectral imaging as an exploratory tool for dysplastic esophageal lesion identification," Opt. Express 14, 2211-2219 (2006)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/vjbo/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-14-6-2211
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References
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- R. S. Gurjar, V. Backman, L. T. Perelman, I. Georgakoudi, K. Badizadegan, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, "Imaging human epithelial properties with polarized light-scattering spectroscopy," Nat. Med. 7, 1245-1248 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. B. Wallace, L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, J. M. Crawford, M. Fitzmaurice, M. Seiler, K. Badizadegan, S. J. Shields, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, J. Van Dam, and M. S. Feld, "Endoscopic detection of dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus using light-scattering spectroscopy," Gastroenterology 119, 677-682 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- R. S. Gurjar, V. Backman, L. T. Perelman, I. Georgakoudi, K. Badizadegan, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, "Imaging human epithelial properties with polarized light-scattering spectroscopy," Nat. Med. 7, 1245-1248 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- I. Georgakoudi, B. C. Jacobson, J. Van Dam, V. Backman, M. B. Wallace, M. G. Muller, Q. Zhang, K. Badizadegan, D. Sun, G. A. Thomas, L. T. Perelman, and M. S. Feld, "Fluorescence, reflectance, and light-scattering spectroscopy for evaluating dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 120, 1620-1629 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. B. Wallace, L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, J. M. Crawford, M. Fitzmaurice, M. Seiler, K. Badizadegan, S. J. Shields, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, J. Van Dam, and M. S. Feld, "Endoscopic detection of dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus using light-scattering spectroscopy," Gastroenterology 119, 677-682 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Kendall, N. Stone, N. Shepherd, K. Geboes, B. Warren, R. Bennett, and H. Barr, "Raman spectroscopy, a potential tool for the objective identification and classification of neoplasia in Barrett's oesophagus," J. Pathol. 200, 602-609 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Kendall, N. Stone, N. Shepherd, K. Geboes, B. Warren, R. Bennett, and H. Barr, "Raman spectroscopy, a potential tool for the objective identification and classification of neoplasia in Barrett's oesophagus," J. Pathol. 200, 602-609 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Fang, M. Ollero, E. Vitkin, L. M. Kimerer, P. B. Cipolloni, M. M. Zaman, S. D. Freedman, I. J. Bigio, I. Itzkan, E. B. Hanlon, L. T. Perelman, "Noninvasive sizing of subcellular organelles with light scattering spectroscopy," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 267-276 (2003). [CrossRef]
- D. C. Pickard, I. J. Bigio, S. G. Bown, L. B. Lovat, P. M. Ripley, M. Novelli, "Optical biopsy for the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus," in Optical Biopsy IV, R. R. Alfono ed., Proc. SPIE 4613, 234-243, (2002). [CrossRef]
- S. G. Demos, R. Bold, R. D. White, and R. Ramsamooj, "Investigation of near infrared autofluorescence imaging for the detection of breast cancer," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 11, 791-798 (2005). [CrossRef]
- D. C. Pickard, I. J. Bigio, S. G. Bown, L. B. Lovat, P. M. Ripley, M. Novelli, "Optical biopsy for the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus," in Optical Biopsy IV, R. R. Alfono ed., Proc. SPIE 4613, 234-243, (2002). [CrossRef]
- M. Panjehpour, B. Overholt, T. Vo-Dinh, R. Haggitt, D. Edwards, and F. Buckley, "Endoscopic fluorescence detection of high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 111, 93-101 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Fang, M. Ollero, E. Vitkin, L. M. Kimerer, P. B. Cipolloni, M. M. Zaman, S. D. Freedman, I. J. Bigio, I. Itzkan, E. B. Hanlon, L. T. Perelman, "Noninvasive sizing of subcellular organelles with light scattering spectroscopy," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 267-276 (2003). [CrossRef]
- M. B. Wallace, L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, J. M. Crawford, M. Fitzmaurice, M. Seiler, K. Badizadegan, S. J. Shields, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, J. Van Dam, and M. S. Feld, "Endoscopic detection of dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus using light-scattering spectroscopy," Gastroenterology 119, 677-682 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, "Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution," Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 627-630 (1998). [CrossRef]
- R. S. Gurjar, V. Backman, L. T. Perelman, I. Georgakoudi, K. Badizadegan, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, "Imaging human epithelial properties with polarized light-scattering spectroscopy," Nat. Med. 7, 1245-1248 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. B. Wallace, L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, J. M. Crawford, M. Fitzmaurice, M. Seiler, K. Badizadegan, S. J. Shields, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, J. Van Dam, and M. S. Feld, "Endoscopic detection of dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus using light-scattering spectroscopy," Gastroenterology 119, 677-682 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. G. Demos, R. Bold, R. D. White, and R. Ramsamooj, "Investigation of near infrared autofluorescence imaging for the detection of breast cancer," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 11, 791-798 (2005). [CrossRef]
- S. G. Demos, R. Gandour-Edwards, R. Ramsamooj, and R. D. White, "Near-infrared autofluorescence imaging for detection of cancer," J. Biomed. Opt. 9, 587-592 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. T. Moesta, B. Ebert, T. Handke, D. Nolte, C. Nowak, W. E. Haensch, R. K. Pandey, T. J. Dougherty, H. Rinneberg, P. M. Schlag, "Protoporphyrin IX occurs naturally in colorectal cancers and their metastases," Cancer Res. 61, 991-999 (2001) [PubMed]
- J. S. Wang, J. S. Shi, Y. Z. Xu, X. Y Duan, L. Zhang, J. Wang, L. M. Yang, S. F. Weng, and J. G. Wu, "FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of normal and cancerous tissues of esophagus," World J. Gastroenterol. 9, 1897-1899 (2003). [PubMed]
- M. T. Moesta, B. Ebert, T. Handke, D. Nolte, C. Nowak, W. E. Haensch, R. K. Pandey, T. J. Dougherty, H. Rinneberg, P. M. Schlag, "Protoporphyrin IX occurs naturally in colorectal cancers and their metastases," Cancer Res. 61, 991-999 (2001) [PubMed]
- M. Panjehpour, B. Overholt, T. Vo-Dinh, R. Haggitt, D. Edwards, and F. Buckley, "Endoscopic fluorescence detection of high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 111, 93-101 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Fang, M. Ollero, E. Vitkin, L. M. Kimerer, P. B. Cipolloni, M. M. Zaman, S. D. Freedman, I. J. Bigio, I. Itzkan, E. B. Hanlon, L. T. Perelman, "Noninvasive sizing of subcellular organelles with light scattering spectroscopy," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 267-276 (2003). [CrossRef]
- R. S. Gurjar, V. Backman, L. T. Perelman, I. Georgakoudi, K. Badizadegan, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, "Imaging human epithelial properties with polarized light-scattering spectroscopy," Nat. Med. 7, 1245-1248 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- I. Georgakoudi, B. C. Jacobson, J. Van Dam, V. Backman, M. B. Wallace, M. G. Muller, Q. Zhang, K. Badizadegan, D. Sun, G. A. Thomas, L. T. Perelman, and M. S. Feld, "Fluorescence, reflectance, and light-scattering spectroscopy for evaluating dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 120, 1620-1629 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. B. Wallace, L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, J. M. Crawford, M. Fitzmaurice, M. Seiler, K. Badizadegan, S. J. Shields, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, J. Van Dam, and M. S. Feld, "Endoscopic detection of dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus using light-scattering spectroscopy," Gastroenterology 119, 677-682 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, "Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution," Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 627-630 (1998). [CrossRef]
- M. B. Wallace, L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, J. M. Crawford, M. Fitzmaurice, M. Seiler, K. Badizadegan, S. J. Shields, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, J. Van Dam, and M. S. Feld, "Endoscopic detection of dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus using light-scattering spectroscopy," Gastroenterology 119, 677-682 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Fang, M. Ollero, E. Vitkin, L. M. Kimerer, P. B. Cipolloni, M. M. Zaman, S. D. Freedman, I. J. Bigio, I. Itzkan, E. B. Hanlon, L. T. Perelman, "Noninvasive sizing of subcellular organelles with light scattering spectroscopy," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 267-276 (2003). [CrossRef]
- S. G. Demos, R. Gandour-Edwards, R. Ramsamooj, and R. D. White, "Near-infrared autofluorescence imaging for detection of cancer," J. Biomed. Opt. 9, 587-592 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Kendall, N. Stone, N. Shepherd, K. Geboes, B. Warren, R. Bennett, and H. Barr, "Raman spectroscopy, a potential tool for the objective identification and classification of neoplasia in Barrett's oesophagus," J. Pathol. 200, 602-609 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- I. Georgakoudi, B. C. Jacobson, J. Van Dam, V. Backman, M. B. Wallace, M. G. Muller, Q. Zhang, K. Badizadegan, D. Sun, G. A. Thomas, L. T. Perelman, and M. S. Feld, "Fluorescence, reflectance, and light-scattering spectroscopy for evaluating dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 120, 1620-1629 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. S. Gurjar, V. Backman, L. T. Perelman, I. Georgakoudi, K. Badizadegan, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, "Imaging human epithelial properties with polarized light-scattering spectroscopy," Nat. Med. 7, 1245-1248 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. S. Gurjar, V. Backman, L. T. Perelman, I. Georgakoudi, K. Badizadegan, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, "Imaging human epithelial properties with polarized light-scattering spectroscopy," Nat. Med. 7, 1245-1248 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. T. Moesta, B. Ebert, T. Handke, D. Nolte, C. Nowak, W. E. Haensch, R. K. Pandey, T. J. Dougherty, H. Rinneberg, P. M. Schlag, "Protoporphyrin IX occurs naturally in colorectal cancers and their metastases," Cancer Res. 61, 991-999 (2001) [PubMed]
- M. Panjehpour, B. Overholt, T. Vo-Dinh, R. Haggitt, D. Edwards, and F. Buckley, "Endoscopic fluorescence detection of high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 111, 93-101 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, "Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution," Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 627-630 (1998). [CrossRef]
- M. T. Moesta, B. Ebert, T. Handke, D. Nolte, C. Nowak, W. E. Haensch, R. K. Pandey, T. J. Dougherty, H. Rinneberg, P. M. Schlag, "Protoporphyrin IX occurs naturally in colorectal cancers and their metastases," Cancer Res. 61, 991-999 (2001) [PubMed]
- H. Fang, M. Ollero, E. Vitkin, L. M. Kimerer, P. B. Cipolloni, M. M. Zaman, S. D. Freedman, I. J. Bigio, I. Itzkan, E. B. Hanlon, L. T. Perelman, "Noninvasive sizing of subcellular organelles with light scattering spectroscopy," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 267-276 (2003). [CrossRef]
- H. Fang, M. Ollero, E. Vitkin, L. M. Kimerer, P. B. Cipolloni, M. M. Zaman, S. D. Freedman, I. J. Bigio, I. Itzkan, E. B. Hanlon, L. T. Perelman, "Noninvasive sizing of subcellular organelles with light scattering spectroscopy," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 267-276 (2003). [CrossRef]
- R. S. Gurjar, V. Backman, L. T. Perelman, I. Georgakoudi, K. Badizadegan, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, "Imaging human epithelial properties with polarized light-scattering spectroscopy," Nat. Med. 7, 1245-1248 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. B. Wallace, L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, J. M. Crawford, M. Fitzmaurice, M. Seiler, K. Badizadegan, S. J. Shields, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, J. Van Dam, and M. S. Feld, "Endoscopic detection of dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus using light-scattering spectroscopy," Gastroenterology 119, 677-682 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, "Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution," Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 627-630 (1998). [CrossRef]
- H. Tajiri, M. Kobayashi, K. Izuishi, and S. Yoshida, "Fluorescence endoscopy in the gastrointestinal tract," Dig. Endosc. 12, S28-S31 (2000). [CrossRef]
- I. Georgakoudi, B. C. Jacobson, J. Van Dam, V. Backman, M. B. Wallace, M. G. Muller, Q. Zhang, K. Badizadegan, D. Sun, G. A. Thomas, L. T. Perelman, and M. S. Feld, "Fluorescence, reflectance, and light-scattering spectroscopy for evaluating dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 120, 1620-1629 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Kendall, N. Stone, N. Shepherd, K. Geboes, B. Warren, R. Bennett, and H. Barr, "Raman spectroscopy, a potential tool for the objective identification and classification of neoplasia in Barrett's oesophagus," J. Pathol. 200, 602-609 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Fang, M. Ollero, E. Vitkin, L. M. Kimerer, P. B. Cipolloni, M. M. Zaman, S. D. Freedman, I. J. Bigio, I. Itzkan, E. B. Hanlon, L. T. Perelman, "Noninvasive sizing of subcellular organelles with light scattering spectroscopy," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 267-276 (2003). [CrossRef]
- H. Tajiri, M. Kobayashi, K. Izuishi, and S. Yoshida, "Fluorescence endoscopy in the gastrointestinal tract," Dig. Endosc. 12, S28-S31 (2000). [CrossRef]
- Q. B. Li, X. J. Sun, Y. Z. Xu, L. M. Yang, Y. F. Zhang, S. F. Weng, J. S. Shi, and J. G. Wu, "Diagnosis of gastric inflammation and malignancy in Endoscopic biopsies based on Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy," Clin. Chem. 51, 346-350 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, "Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution," Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 627-630 (1998). [CrossRef]
- D. C. Pickard, I. J. Bigio, S. G. Bown, L. B. Lovat, P. M. Ripley, M. Novelli, "Optical biopsy for the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus," in Optical Biopsy IV, R. R. Alfono ed., Proc. SPIE 4613, 234-243, (2002). [CrossRef]
- L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, "Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution," Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 627-630 (1998). [CrossRef]
- M. G. Shim, L. M. Song, N. E. Marcon, and B. C. Wilson, "In vivo near-infrared Raman spectroscopy: demonstration of feasibility during clinical gastrointestinal endoscopy," Photochem. Photobiol. 72, 146-150 (2000). [PubMed]
- M. T. Moesta, B. Ebert, T. Handke, D. Nolte, C. Nowak, W. E. Haensch, R. K. Pandey, T. J. Dougherty, H. Rinneberg, P. M. Schlag, "Protoporphyrin IX occurs naturally in colorectal cancers and their metastases," Cancer Res. 61, 991-999 (2001) [PubMed]
- I. Georgakoudi, B. C. Jacobson, J. Van Dam, V. Backman, M. B. Wallace, M. G. Muller, Q. Zhang, K. Badizadegan, D. Sun, G. A. Thomas, L. T. Perelman, and M. S. Feld, "Fluorescence, reflectance, and light-scattering spectroscopy for evaluating dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 120, 1620-1629 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. T. Moesta, B. Ebert, T. Handke, D. Nolte, C. Nowak, W. E. Haensch, R. K. Pandey, T. J. Dougherty, H. Rinneberg, P. M. Schlag, "Protoporphyrin IX occurs naturally in colorectal cancers and their metastases," Cancer Res. 61, 991-999 (2001) [PubMed]
- D. C. Pickard, I. J. Bigio, S. G. Bown, L. B. Lovat, P. M. Ripley, M. Novelli, "Optical biopsy for the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus," in Optical Biopsy IV, R. R. Alfono ed., Proc. SPIE 4613, 234-243, (2002). [CrossRef]
- M. T. Moesta, B. Ebert, T. Handke, D. Nolte, C. Nowak, W. E. Haensch, R. K. Pandey, T. J. Dougherty, H. Rinneberg, P. M. Schlag, "Protoporphyrin IX occurs naturally in colorectal cancers and their metastases," Cancer Res. 61, 991-999 (2001) [PubMed]
- L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, "Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution," Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 627-630 (1998). [CrossRef]
- H. Fang, M. Ollero, E. Vitkin, L. M. Kimerer, P. B. Cipolloni, M. M. Zaman, S. D. Freedman, I. J. Bigio, I. Itzkan, E. B. Hanlon, L. T. Perelman, "Noninvasive sizing of subcellular organelles with light scattering spectroscopy," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 267-276 (2003). [CrossRef]
- M. Panjehpour, B. Overholt, T. Vo-Dinh, R. Haggitt, D. Edwards, and F. Buckley, "Endoscopic fluorescence detection of high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 111, 93-101 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. T. Moesta, B. Ebert, T. Handke, D. Nolte, C. Nowak, W. E. Haensch, R. K. Pandey, T. J. Dougherty, H. Rinneberg, P. M. Schlag, "Protoporphyrin IX occurs naturally in colorectal cancers and their metastases," Cancer Res. 61, 991-999 (2001) [PubMed]
- M. Panjehpour, B. Overholt, T. Vo-Dinh, R. Haggitt, D. Edwards, and F. Buckley, "Endoscopic fluorescence detection of high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 111, 93-101 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Fang, M. Ollero, E. Vitkin, L. M. Kimerer, P. B. Cipolloni, M. M. Zaman, S. D. Freedman, I. J. Bigio, I. Itzkan, E. B. Hanlon, L. T. Perelman, "Noninvasive sizing of subcellular organelles with light scattering spectroscopy," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 267-276 (2003). [CrossRef]
- R. S. Gurjar, V. Backman, L. T. Perelman, I. Georgakoudi, K. Badizadegan, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, "Imaging human epithelial properties with polarized light-scattering spectroscopy," Nat. Med. 7, 1245-1248 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- I. Georgakoudi, B. C. Jacobson, J. Van Dam, V. Backman, M. B. Wallace, M. G. Muller, Q. Zhang, K. Badizadegan, D. Sun, G. A. Thomas, L. T. Perelman, and M. S. Feld, "Fluorescence, reflectance, and light-scattering spectroscopy for evaluating dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 120, 1620-1629 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. B. Wallace, L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, J. M. Crawford, M. Fitzmaurice, M. Seiler, K. Badizadegan, S. J. Shields, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, J. Van Dam, and M. S. Feld, "Endoscopic detection of dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus using light-scattering spectroscopy," Gastroenterology 119, 677-682 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, "Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution," Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 627-630 (1998). [CrossRef]
- D. C. Pickard, I. J. Bigio, S. G. Bown, L. B. Lovat, P. M. Ripley, M. Novelli, "Optical biopsy for the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus," in Optical Biopsy IV, R. R. Alfono ed., Proc. SPIE 4613, 234-243, (2002). [CrossRef]
- S. G. Demos, R. Bold, R. D. White, and R. Ramsamooj, "Investigation of near infrared autofluorescence imaging for the detection of breast cancer," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 11, 791-798 (2005). [CrossRef]
- S. G. Demos, R. Gandour-Edwards, R. Ramsamooj, and R. D. White, "Near-infrared autofluorescence imaging for detection of cancer," J. Biomed. Opt. 9, 587-592 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. T. Moesta, B. Ebert, T. Handke, D. Nolte, C. Nowak, W. E. Haensch, R. K. Pandey, T. J. Dougherty, H. Rinneberg, P. M. Schlag, "Protoporphyrin IX occurs naturally in colorectal cancers and their metastases," Cancer Res. 61, 991-999 (2001) [PubMed]
- D. C. Pickard, I. J. Bigio, S. G. Bown, L. B. Lovat, P. M. Ripley, M. Novelli, "Optical biopsy for the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus," in Optical Biopsy IV, R. R. Alfono ed., Proc. SPIE 4613, 234-243, (2002). [CrossRef]
- M. T. Moesta, B. Ebert, T. Handke, D. Nolte, C. Nowak, W. E. Haensch, R. K. Pandey, T. J. Dougherty, H. Rinneberg, P. M. Schlag, "Protoporphyrin IX occurs naturally in colorectal cancers and their metastases," Cancer Res. 61, 991-999 (2001) [PubMed]
- M. B. Wallace, L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, J. M. Crawford, M. Fitzmaurice, M. Seiler, K. Badizadegan, S. J. Shields, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, J. Van Dam, and M. S. Feld, "Endoscopic detection of dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus using light-scattering spectroscopy," Gastroenterology 119, 677-682 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, "Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution," Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 627-630 (1998). [CrossRef]
- C. Kendall, N. Stone, N. Shepherd, K. Geboes, B. Warren, R. Bennett, and H. Barr, "Raman spectroscopy, a potential tool for the objective identification and classification of neoplasia in Barrett's oesophagus," J. Pathol. 200, 602-609 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. B. Li, X. J. Sun, Y. Z. Xu, L. M. Yang, Y. F. Zhang, S. F. Weng, J. S. Shi, and J. G. Wu, "Diagnosis of gastric inflammation and malignancy in Endoscopic biopsies based on Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy," Clin. Chem. 51, 346-350 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. S. Wang, J. S. Shi, Y. Z. Xu, X. Y Duan, L. Zhang, J. Wang, L. M. Yang, S. F. Weng, and J. G. Wu, "FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of normal and cancerous tissues of esophagus," World J. Gastroenterol. 9, 1897-1899 (2003). [PubMed]
- L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, "Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution," Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 627-630 (1998). [CrossRef]
- M. B. Wallace, L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, J. M. Crawford, M. Fitzmaurice, M. Seiler, K. Badizadegan, S. J. Shields, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, J. Van Dam, and M. S. Feld, "Endoscopic detection of dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus using light-scattering spectroscopy," Gastroenterology 119, 677-682 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. G. Shim, L. M. Song, N. E. Marcon, and B. C. Wilson, "In vivo near-infrared Raman spectroscopy: demonstration of feasibility during clinical gastrointestinal endoscopy," Photochem. Photobiol. 72, 146-150 (2000). [PubMed]
- M. G. Shim, L. M. Song, N. E. Marcon, and B. C. Wilson, "In vivo near-infrared Raman spectroscopy: demonstration of feasibility during clinical gastrointestinal endoscopy," Photochem. Photobiol. 72, 146-150 (2000). [PubMed]
- C. Kendall, N. Stone, N. Shepherd, K. Geboes, B. Warren, R. Bennett, and H. Barr, "Raman spectroscopy, a potential tool for the objective identification and classification of neoplasia in Barrett's oesophagus," J. Pathol. 200, 602-609 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- I. Georgakoudi, B. C. Jacobson, J. Van Dam, V. Backman, M. B. Wallace, M. G. Muller, Q. Zhang, K. Badizadegan, D. Sun, G. A. Thomas, L. T. Perelman, and M. S. Feld, "Fluorescence, reflectance, and light-scattering spectroscopy for evaluating dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 120, 1620-1629 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. B. Li, X. J. Sun, Y. Z. Xu, L. M. Yang, Y. F. Zhang, S. F. Weng, J. S. Shi, and J. G. Wu, "Diagnosis of gastric inflammation and malignancy in Endoscopic biopsies based on Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy," Clin. Chem. 51, 346-350 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Tajiri, M. Kobayashi, K. Izuishi, and S. Yoshida, "Fluorescence endoscopy in the gastrointestinal tract," Dig. Endosc. 12, S28-S31 (2000). [CrossRef]
- I. Georgakoudi, B. C. Jacobson, J. Van Dam, V. Backman, M. B. Wallace, M. G. Muller, Q. Zhang, K. Badizadegan, D. Sun, G. A. Thomas, L. T. Perelman, and M. S. Feld, "Fluorescence, reflectance, and light-scattering spectroscopy for evaluating dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 120, 1620-1629 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- I. Georgakoudi, B. C. Jacobson, J. Van Dam, V. Backman, M. B. Wallace, M. G. Muller, Q. Zhang, K. Badizadegan, D. Sun, G. A. Thomas, L. T. Perelman, and M. S. Feld, "Fluorescence, reflectance, and light-scattering spectroscopy for evaluating dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 120, 1620-1629 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. B. Wallace, L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, J. M. Crawford, M. Fitzmaurice, M. Seiler, K. Badizadegan, S. J. Shields, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, J. Van Dam, and M. S. Feld, "Endoscopic detection of dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus using light-scattering spectroscopy," Gastroenterology 119, 677-682 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, "Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution," Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 627-630 (1998). [CrossRef]
- H. Fang, M. Ollero, E. Vitkin, L. M. Kimerer, P. B. Cipolloni, M. M. Zaman, S. D. Freedman, I. J. Bigio, I. Itzkan, E. B. Hanlon, L. T. Perelman, "Noninvasive sizing of subcellular organelles with light scattering spectroscopy," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 267-276 (2003). [CrossRef]
- M. Panjehpour, B. Overholt, T. Vo-Dinh, R. Haggitt, D. Edwards, and F. Buckley, "Endoscopic fluorescence detection of high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 111, 93-101 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, "Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution," Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 627-630 (1998). [CrossRef]
- I. Georgakoudi, B. C. Jacobson, J. Van Dam, V. Backman, M. B. Wallace, M. G. Muller, Q. Zhang, K. Badizadegan, D. Sun, G. A. Thomas, L. T. Perelman, and M. S. Feld, "Fluorescence, reflectance, and light-scattering spectroscopy for evaluating dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 120, 1620-1629 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. B. Wallace, L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, J. M. Crawford, M. Fitzmaurice, M. Seiler, K. Badizadegan, S. J. Shields, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, J. Van Dam, and M. S. Feld, "Endoscopic detection of dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus using light-scattering spectroscopy," Gastroenterology 119, 677-682 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. S. Wang, J. S. Shi, Y. Z. Xu, X. Y Duan, L. Zhang, J. Wang, L. M. Yang, S. F. Weng, and J. G. Wu, "FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of normal and cancerous tissues of esophagus," World J. Gastroenterol. 9, 1897-1899 (2003). [PubMed]
- J. S. Wang, J. S. Shi, Y. Z. Xu, X. Y Duan, L. Zhang, J. Wang, L. M. Yang, S. F. Weng, and J. G. Wu, "FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of normal and cancerous tissues of esophagus," World J. Gastroenterol. 9, 1897-1899 (2003). [PubMed]
- C. Kendall, N. Stone, N. Shepherd, K. Geboes, B. Warren, R. Bennett, and H. Barr, "Raman spectroscopy, a potential tool for the objective identification and classification of neoplasia in Barrett's oesophagus," J. Pathol. 200, 602-609 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. B. Li, X. J. Sun, Y. Z. Xu, L. M. Yang, Y. F. Zhang, S. F. Weng, J. S. Shi, and J. G. Wu, "Diagnosis of gastric inflammation and malignancy in Endoscopic biopsies based on Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy," Clin. Chem. 51, 346-350 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. S. Wang, J. S. Shi, Y. Z. Xu, X. Y Duan, L. Zhang, J. Wang, L. M. Yang, S. F. Weng, and J. G. Wu, "FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of normal and cancerous tissues of esophagus," World J. Gastroenterol. 9, 1897-1899 (2003). [PubMed]
- S. G. Demos, R. Bold, R. D. White, and R. Ramsamooj, "Investigation of near infrared autofluorescence imaging for the detection of breast cancer," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 11, 791-798 (2005). [CrossRef]
- S. G. Demos, R. Gandour-Edwards, R. Ramsamooj, and R. D. White, "Near-infrared autofluorescence imaging for detection of cancer," J. Biomed. Opt. 9, 587-592 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. G. Shim, L. M. Song, N. E. Marcon, and B. C. Wilson, "In vivo near-infrared Raman spectroscopy: demonstration of feasibility during clinical gastrointestinal endoscopy," Photochem. Photobiol. 72, 146-150 (2000). [PubMed]
- Q. B. Li, X. J. Sun, Y. Z. Xu, L. M. Yang, Y. F. Zhang, S. F. Weng, J. S. Shi, and J. G. Wu, "Diagnosis of gastric inflammation and malignancy in Endoscopic biopsies based on Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy," Clin. Chem. 51, 346-350 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. S. Wang, J. S. Shi, Y. Z. Xu, X. Y Duan, L. Zhang, J. Wang, L. M. Yang, S. F. Weng, and J. G. Wu, "FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of normal and cancerous tissues of esophagus," World J. Gastroenterol. 9, 1897-1899 (2003). [PubMed]
- Q. B. Li, X. J. Sun, Y. Z. Xu, L. M. Yang, Y. F. Zhang, S. F. Weng, J. S. Shi, and J. G. Wu, "Diagnosis of gastric inflammation and malignancy in Endoscopic biopsies based on Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy," Clin. Chem. 51, 346-350 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. S. Wang, J. S. Shi, Y. Z. Xu, X. Y Duan, L. Zhang, J. Wang, L. M. Yang, S. F. Weng, and J. G. Wu, "FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of normal and cancerous tissues of esophagus," World J. Gastroenterol. 9, 1897-1899 (2003). [PubMed]
- Q. B. Li, X. J. Sun, Y. Z. Xu, L. M. Yang, Y. F. Zhang, S. F. Weng, J. S. Shi, and J. G. Wu, "Diagnosis of gastric inflammation and malignancy in Endoscopic biopsies based on Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy," Clin. Chem. 51, 346-350 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. S. Wang, J. S. Shi, Y. Z. Xu, X. Y Duan, L. Zhang, J. Wang, L. M. Yang, S. F. Weng, and J. G. Wu, "FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of normal and cancerous tissues of esophagus," World J. Gastroenterol. 9, 1897-1899 (2003). [PubMed]
- H. Tajiri, M. Kobayashi, K. Izuishi, and S. Yoshida, "Fluorescence endoscopy in the gastrointestinal tract," Dig. Endosc. 12, S28-S31 (2000). [CrossRef]
- H. Fang, M. Ollero, E. Vitkin, L. M. Kimerer, P. B. Cipolloni, M. M. Zaman, S. D. Freedman, I. J. Bigio, I. Itzkan, E. B. Hanlon, L. T. Perelman, "Noninvasive sizing of subcellular organelles with light scattering spectroscopy," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 267-276 (2003). [CrossRef]
- J. S. Wang, J. S. Shi, Y. Z. Xu, X. Y Duan, L. Zhang, J. Wang, L. M. Yang, S. F. Weng, and J. G. Wu, "FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of normal and cancerous tissues of esophagus," World J. Gastroenterol. 9, 1897-1899 (2003). [PubMed]
- I. Georgakoudi, B. C. Jacobson, J. Van Dam, V. Backman, M. B. Wallace, M. G. Muller, Q. Zhang, K. Badizadegan, D. Sun, G. A. Thomas, L. T. Perelman, and M. S. Feld, "Fluorescence, reflectance, and light-scattering spectroscopy for evaluating dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 120, 1620-1629 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. B. Li, X. J. Sun, Y. Z. Xu, L. M. Yang, Y. F. Zhang, S. F. Weng, J. S. Shi, and J. G. Wu, "Diagnosis of gastric inflammation and malignancy in Endoscopic biopsies based on Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy," Clin. Chem. 51, 346-350 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, "Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution," Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 627-630 (1998). [CrossRef]
Cancer Res.
- M. T. Moesta, B. Ebert, T. Handke, D. Nolte, C. Nowak, W. E. Haensch, R. K. Pandey, T. J. Dougherty, H. Rinneberg, P. M. Schlag, "Protoporphyrin IX occurs naturally in colorectal cancers and their metastases," Cancer Res. 61, 991-999 (2001) [PubMed]
Clin. Chem.
- Q. B. Li, X. J. Sun, Y. Z. Xu, L. M. Yang, Y. F. Zhang, S. F. Weng, J. S. Shi, and J. G. Wu, "Diagnosis of gastric inflammation and malignancy in Endoscopic biopsies based on Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy," Clin. Chem. 51, 346-350 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Dig. Endosc.
- H. Tajiri, M. Kobayashi, K. Izuishi, and S. Yoshida, "Fluorescence endoscopy in the gastrointestinal tract," Dig. Endosc. 12, S28-S31 (2000). [CrossRef]
Gastroenterology
- I. Georgakoudi, B. C. Jacobson, J. Van Dam, V. Backman, M. B. Wallace, M. G. Muller, Q. Zhang, K. Badizadegan, D. Sun, G. A. Thomas, L. T. Perelman, and M. S. Feld, "Fluorescence, reflectance, and light-scattering spectroscopy for evaluating dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 120, 1620-1629 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Panjehpour, B. Overholt, T. Vo-Dinh, R. Haggitt, D. Edwards, and F. Buckley, "Endoscopic fluorescence detection of high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus," Gastroenterology 111, 93-101 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. B. Wallace, L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, J. M. Crawford, M. Fitzmaurice, M. Seiler, K. Badizadegan, S. J. Shields, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, J. Van Dam, and M. S. Feld, "Endoscopic detection of dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus using light-scattering spectroscopy," Gastroenterology 119, 677-682 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
- S. G. Demos, R. Bold, R. D. White, and R. Ramsamooj, "Investigation of near infrared autofluorescence imaging for the detection of breast cancer," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 11, 791-798 (2005). [CrossRef]
- H. Fang, M. Ollero, E. Vitkin, L. M. Kimerer, P. B. Cipolloni, M. M. Zaman, S. D. Freedman, I. J. Bigio, I. Itzkan, E. B. Hanlon, L. T. Perelman, "Noninvasive sizing of subcellular organelles with light scattering spectroscopy," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 267-276 (2003). [CrossRef]
J. Biomed. Opt.
- S. G. Demos, R. Gandour-Edwards, R. Ramsamooj, and R. D. White, "Near-infrared autofluorescence imaging for detection of cancer," J. Biomed. Opt. 9, 587-592 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Pathol.
- C. Kendall, N. Stone, N. Shepherd, K. Geboes, B. Warren, R. Bennett, and H. Barr, "Raman spectroscopy, a potential tool for the objective identification and classification of neoplasia in Barrett's oesophagus," J. Pathol. 200, 602-609 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Nat. Med.
- R. S. Gurjar, V. Backman, L. T. Perelman, I. Georgakoudi, K. Badizadegan, I. Itzkan, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, "Imaging human epithelial properties with polarized light-scattering spectroscopy," Nat. Med. 7, 1245-1248 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Photochem. Photobiol.
- M. G. Shim, L. M. Song, N. E. Marcon, and B. C. Wilson, "In vivo near-infrared Raman spectroscopy: demonstration of feasibility during clinical gastrointestinal endoscopy," Photochem. Photobiol. 72, 146-150 (2000). [PubMed]
Phys. Rev. Lett.
- L. T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. Manoharan, A. Nusrat, S. Shields, M. Seiler, C. Lima, T. Hamano, I. Itzkan, J. Van Dam, J. M. Crawford, and M. S. Feld, "Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution," Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 627-630 (1998). [CrossRef]
Proc. SPIE
- D. C. Pickard, I. J. Bigio, S. G. Bown, L. B. Lovat, P. M. Ripley, M. Novelli, "Optical biopsy for the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus," in Optical Biopsy IV, R. R. Alfono ed., Proc. SPIE 4613, 234-243, (2002). [CrossRef]
World J. Gastroenterol.
- J. S. Wang, J. S. Shi, Y. Z. Xu, X. Y Duan, L. Zhang, J. Wang, L. M. Yang, S. F. Weng, and J. G. Wu, "FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of normal and cancerous tissues of esophagus," World J. Gastroenterol. 9, 1897-1899 (2003). [PubMed]
Other
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