Continuous spatial tuning of laser emissions with tuning resolution less than 1 nm in a wedge cell  of dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystals

doi:10.1364/OE.18.024221

Continuous spatial tuning of laser emissions with tuning resolution less than 1 nm in a wedge cell  of dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystals

Mi-Yun Jeong and J. W. Wu »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 18, Issue 23, pp. 24221-24228 (2010)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.024221

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Abstract

e report the design and fabrication of a wedge structured CLC film incorporating a spatial gradient of a chiral dopant concentration. A continuous spatial laser tuning in the broad visible spectral range with tuning resolution less than 1 nm is demonstrated, which renders a CLC-based micron-sized laser an important continuously tunable laser device.

OCIS Codes
(140.3600) Lasers and laser optics : Lasers, tunable
(300.6360) Spectroscopy : Spectroscopy, laser

ToC Category:
Lasers and Laser Optics

History
Original Manuscript: August 24, 2010
Revised Manuscript: October 11, 2010
Manuscript Accepted: October 11, 2010
Published: November 4, 2010

Virtual Issues
Vol. 6, Iss. 1 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics

Citation
Mi-Yun Jeong and J. W. Wu, "Continuous spatial tuning of laser emissions with tuning resolution less than 1 nm in a wedge cell  of dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystals," Opt. Express 18, 24221-24228 (2010)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/vjbo/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-23-24221

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References

V. I. Kopp, Z.-Q. Zhang, and A. Z. Genack, “Lasing in chiral photonic structures,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 27(6), 369–416 (2003). [CrossRef]
J. Schmidtke and W. Stille, “Fluorescence of a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal film in the region of the stop band: theory and experiment,” Eur. Phys. J. B 31(2), 179–194 (2003). [CrossRef]
M. Ozaki, Y. Matsuhisa, H. Yoshida, R. Ozaki, and A. Fujii, “Photonic crystals based on chiral liquid crystal,” Phys. Status Solidi 204(11), 3777–3789 (2007) (a). [CrossRef]
A. D. Ford, S. M. Morris, and H. J. Coles, “Photonics and lasing in liquid crystals,” Mater. Today 9, 36–42 (2006) and the papers cited herein. [CrossRef]
H. Finkelmann, S. T. Kim, A. Munoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Tunable Mirrorless Lasing in Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Elastomers,” Adv. Mater. 13(14), 1069–1072 (2001). [CrossRef]
M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, T. Kitasho, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Electro-Tunable Liquid –Crystal Laser,” Adv. Mater. 15(12), 974–977 (2003). [CrossRef]
T.-H. Lin, H.-C. Jau, C.-H. Chen, Y.-J. Chen, T.-H. Wei, C.-W. Chen, and A. Y.-G. Fuh, “Electrically controllable laser based on cholesteric liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(6), 0611221–0611224 (2006). [CrossRef]
V. A. Belyakov, “Low Threshold DFB Lasing in Chiral LC at Diffraction of Pumping Wave,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.) 453(1), 43–69 (2006). [CrossRef]
A. H. Gevorgyan and M. Z. Harutyunyan, “Tuning of emission wavelength in chiral photonic crystals with an anisotropic defect layer,” J. Mod. Opt. 56(10), 1163–1173 (2009). [CrossRef]
K. Funamoto and M. Yoshino, “Discontinuous Shift of Lasing Wavelength with Temperature in Cholesteric Crystal,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42(Part 2, No. 12B), L1523–L1525 (2003). [CrossRef]
Y. Huang, Y. Zhou, and S.-T. Wu, “Spatially tunable laser emission in dye-doped photonic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(1), 0111071–0111073 (2006). [CrossRef]
A. Chanishvili, G. Chilaya, G. Petriashvili, R. Barberi, R. Bartolino, G. Cipparrone, A. Mazzulla, R. Gimenez, L. Oriol, and M. Pinol, “Widely tunable ultraviolet-visible liquid crystal laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 0511071–0511073 (2005). [CrossRef]
K. Sonoyama, Y. Takanishi, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Position-Sensitive Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Dye Laser Covering a Full Visible Range,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46(36), L874–L876 (2007). [CrossRef]
S. Furumi, S. Yokoyama, A. Otomo, and S. Mashiko, “Phototunable photonic bandgap in a chiral liquid crystal laser device,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 84(14), 2491–2493 (2004). [CrossRef]
A. Chanishvili, G. Chilaya, G. Petriashvili, R. Barberi, R. Bartolino, G. Cipparrone, A. Mazzulla, and L. Oriol, “Lasing in Dye-Doped Cholesteric Liquid Crystals:Two New Tuning Strategies,” Adv. Mater. 16(910), 791–795 (2004). [CrossRef]
T. Manabe, K. Sonoyama, Y. Takanishi, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Toward practical application of cholestric liquid crystals to tunable lasers,” J. Mater. Chem. 18(25), 3040–3043 (2008). [CrossRef]
K. Sonoyama, Y. Takanishi, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Position-Sensitive Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Dye Laser Covering a Full Visible Range,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46(36), L874–L876 (2007). [CrossRef]
M.-Y. Jeong, H. Choi, and J. W. Wu, “Spatial tuning of laser emission in a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal wedge cell,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(5), 0511081–0511083 (2008). [CrossRef]
P. G. De Gennes, and J. Prost, The Physics of Liquid Crystals (Clarendon, Oxford, Chap. 6 1993)
M. Chambers, M. Fox, M. Grell, and J. Hill, “Lasing from a Forster transfer fluorescent dye couple dissolved in a chiral nematic liquid crystal,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 12(1112), 808–810 (2002). [CrossRef]

Barberi, R.
Bartolino, R.
Belyakov, V. A.
Chambers, M.
Chanishvili, A.
Chen, C.-H.
Chen, C.-W.
Chen, Y.-J.
Chilaya, G.
Choi, H.
Cipparrone, G.
Coles, H. J.
Finkelmann, H.
Ford, A. D.
Fox, M.
Fuh, A. Y.-G.
Fujii, A.
Funamoto, K.
Furumi, S.
Ganzke, D.
Genack, A. Z.
Gevorgyan, A. H.
Gimenez, R.
Grell, M.
Haase, W.
Harutyunyan, M. Z.
Hill, J.
Huang, Y.
Ishikawa, K.
Jau, H.-C.
Jeong, M.-Y.
Kasano, M.
Kim, S. T.
Kitasho, T.
Kopp, V. I.
Lin, T.-H.
Manabe, T.
Mashiko, S.
Matsuhisa, Y.
Mazzulla, A.
Morris, S. M.
Munoz, A.
Oriol, L.
Otomo, A.
Ozaki, M.
Ozaki, R.
Palffy-Muhoray, P.
Petriashvili, G.
Pinol, M.
Schmidtke, J.
Sonoyama, K.
Stille, W.
Taheri, B.
Takanishi, Y.
Takezoe, H.
Wei, T.-H.
Wu, J. W.
Wu, S.-T.
Yokoyama, S.
Yoshida, H.
Yoshino, K.
Yoshino, M.
Zhang, Z.-Q.
Zhou, Y.

Adv. Funct. Mater.

M. Chambers, M. Fox, M. Grell, and J. Hill, “Lasing from a Forster transfer fluorescent dye couple dissolved in a chiral nematic liquid crystal,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 12(1112), 808–810 (2002). [CrossRef]

Adv. Mater.

H. Finkelmann, S. T. Kim, A. Munoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Tunable Mirrorless Lasing in Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Elastomers,” Adv. Mater. 13(14), 1069–1072 (2001). [CrossRef]
M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, T. Kitasho, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Electro-Tunable Liquid –Crystal Laser,” Adv. Mater. 15(12), 974–977 (2003). [CrossRef]
A. Chanishvili, G. Chilaya, G. Petriashvili, R. Barberi, R. Bartolino, G. Cipparrone, A. Mazzulla, and L. Oriol, “Lasing in Dye-Doped Cholesteric Liquid Crystals:Two New Tuning Strategies,” Adv. Mater. 16(910), 791–795 (2004). [CrossRef]

Appl. Phys. Lett.

M.-Y. Jeong, H. Choi, and J. W. Wu, “Spatial tuning of laser emission in a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal wedge cell,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(5), 0511081–0511083 (2008). [CrossRef]
Y. Huang, Y. Zhou, and S.-T. Wu, “Spatially tunable laser emission in dye-doped photonic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(1), 0111071–0111073 (2006). [CrossRef]
A. Chanishvili, G. Chilaya, G. Petriashvili, R. Barberi, R. Bartolino, G. Cipparrone, A. Mazzulla, R. Gimenez, L. Oriol, and M. Pinol, “Widely tunable ultraviolet-visible liquid crystal laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 0511071–0511073 (2005). [CrossRef]
T.-H. Lin, H.-C. Jau, C.-H. Chen, Y.-J. Chen, T.-H. Wei, C.-W. Chen, and A. Y.-G. Fuh, “Electrically controllable laser based on cholesteric liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(6), 0611221–0611224 (2006). [CrossRef]
S. Furumi, S. Yokoyama, A. Otomo, and S. Mashiko, “Phototunable photonic bandgap in a chiral liquid crystal laser device,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 84(14), 2491–2493 (2004). [CrossRef]

Eur. Phys. J. B

J. Schmidtke and W. Stille, “Fluorescence of a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal film in the region of the stop band: theory and experiment,” Eur. Phys. J. B 31(2), 179–194 (2003). [CrossRef]

J. Mater. Chem.

T. Manabe, K. Sonoyama, Y. Takanishi, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Toward practical application of cholestric liquid crystals to tunable lasers,” J. Mater. Chem. 18(25), 3040–3043 (2008). [CrossRef]

J. Mod. Opt.

A. H. Gevorgyan and M. Z. Harutyunyan, “Tuning of emission wavelength in chiral photonic crystals with an anisotropic defect layer,” J. Mod. Opt. 56(10), 1163–1173 (2009). [CrossRef]

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

K. Funamoto and M. Yoshino, “Discontinuous Shift of Lasing Wavelength with Temperature in Cholesteric Crystal,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42(Part 2, No. 12B), L1523–L1525 (2003). [CrossRef]
K. Sonoyama, Y. Takanishi, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Position-Sensitive Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Dye Laser Covering a Full Visible Range,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46(36), L874–L876 (2007). [CrossRef]
K. Sonoyama, Y. Takanishi, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Position-Sensitive Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Dye Laser Covering a Full Visible Range,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46(36), L874–L876 (2007). [CrossRef]

Mater. Today

A. D. Ford, S. M. Morris, and H. J. Coles, “Photonics and lasing in liquid crystals,” Mater. Today 9, 36–42 (2006) and the papers cited herein. [CrossRef]

Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.)

V. A. Belyakov, “Low Threshold DFB Lasing in Chiral LC at Diffraction of Pumping Wave,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.) 453(1), 43–69 (2006). [CrossRef]

Phys. Status Solidi

M. Ozaki, Y. Matsuhisa, H. Yoshida, R. Ozaki, and A. Fujii, “Photonic crystals based on chiral liquid crystal,” Phys. Status Solidi 204(11), 3777–3789 (2007) (a). [CrossRef]

Prog. Quantum Electron.

V. I. Kopp, Z.-Q. Zhang, and A. Z. Genack, “Lasing in chiral photonic structures,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 27(6), 369–416 (2003). [CrossRef]

Other

P. G. De Gennes, and J. Prost, The Physics of Liquid Crystals (Clarendon, Oxford, Chap. 6 1993)

2009, Gevorgyan, J. Mod. Opt.
2008, Manabe, J. Mater. Chem.
2008, Jeong, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2007, Sonoyama, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.
2007, Sonoyama, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.
2007, Ozaki, Phys. Status Solidi
2006, Ford, Mater. Today
2006, Lin, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2006, Belyakov, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.)
2006, Huang, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2005, Chanishvili, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2004, Furumi, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2004, Chanishvili, Adv. Mater.
2003, Funamoto, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.
2003, Kopp, Prog. Quantum Electron.
2003, Schmidtke, Eur. Phys. J. B
2003, Ozaki, Adv. Mater.
2002, Chambers, Adv. Funct. Mater.
2001, Finkelmann, Adv. Mater.

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[1] V. I. Kopp, Z.-Q. Zhang, and A. Z. Genack, “Lasing in chiral photonic structures,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 27(6), 369–416 (2003). [CrossRef]

[2] J. Schmidtke and W. Stille, “Fluorescence of a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal film in the region of the stop band: theory and experiment,” Eur. Phys. J. B 31(2), 179–194 (2003). [CrossRef]

[3] M. Ozaki, Y. Matsuhisa, H. Yoshida, R. Ozaki, and A. Fujii, “Photonic crystals based on chiral liquid crystal,” Phys. Status Solidi 204(11), 3777–3789 (2007) (a). [CrossRef]

[4] A. D. Ford, S. M. Morris, and H. J. Coles, “Photonics and lasing in liquid crystals,” Mater. Today 9, 36–42 (2006) and the papers cited herein. [CrossRef]

[5] H. Finkelmann, S. T. Kim, A. Munoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, “Tunable Mirrorless Lasing in Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Elastomers,” Adv. Mater. 13(14), 1069–1072 (2001). [CrossRef]

[6] M. Ozaki, M. Kasano, T. Kitasho, D. Ganzke, W. Haase, and K. Yoshino, “Electro-Tunable Liquid –Crystal Laser,” Adv. Mater. 15(12), 974–977 (2003). [CrossRef]

[7] T.-H. Lin, H.-C. Jau, C.-H. Chen, Y.-J. Chen, T.-H. Wei, C.-W. Chen, and A. Y.-G. Fuh, “Electrically controllable laser based on cholesteric liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(6), 0611221–0611224 (2006). [CrossRef]

[8] V. A. Belyakov, “Low Threshold DFB Lasing in Chiral LC at Diffraction of Pumping Wave,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. (Phila. Pa.) 453(1), 43–69 (2006). [CrossRef]

[9] A. H. Gevorgyan and M. Z. Harutyunyan, “Tuning of emission wavelength in chiral photonic crystals with an anisotropic defect layer,” J. Mod. Opt. 56(10), 1163–1173 (2009). [CrossRef]

[10] K. Funamoto and M. Yoshino, “Discontinuous Shift of Lasing Wavelength with Temperature in Cholesteric Crystal,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42(Part 2, No. 12B), L1523–L1525 (2003). [CrossRef]

[11] Y. Huang, Y. Zhou, and S.-T. Wu, “Spatially tunable laser emission in dye-doped photonic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(1), 0111071–0111073 (2006). [CrossRef]

[12] A. Chanishvili, G. Chilaya, G. Petriashvili, R. Barberi, R. Bartolino, G. Cipparrone, A. Mazzulla, R. Gimenez, L. Oriol, and M. Pinol, “Widely tunable ultraviolet-visible liquid crystal laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 0511071–0511073 (2005). [CrossRef]

[13] K. Sonoyama, Y. Takanishi, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Position-Sensitive Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Dye Laser Covering a Full Visible Range,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46(36), L874–L876 (2007). [CrossRef]

[14] S. Furumi, S. Yokoyama, A. Otomo, and S. Mashiko, “Phototunable photonic bandgap in a chiral liquid crystal laser device,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 84(14), 2491–2493 (2004). [CrossRef]

[15] A. Chanishvili, G. Chilaya, G. Petriashvili, R. Barberi, R. Bartolino, G. Cipparrone, A. Mazzulla, and L. Oriol, “Lasing in Dye-Doped Cholesteric Liquid Crystals:Two New Tuning Strategies,” Adv. Mater. 16(910), 791–795 (2004). [CrossRef]

[16] T. Manabe, K. Sonoyama, Y. Takanishi, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Toward practical application of cholestric liquid crystals to tunable lasers,” J. Mater. Chem. 18(25), 3040–3043 (2008). [CrossRef]

[17] K. Sonoyama, Y. Takanishi, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, “Position-Sensitive Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Dye Laser Covering a Full Visible Range,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46(36), L874–L876 (2007). [CrossRef]

[18] M.-Y. Jeong, H. Choi, and J. W. Wu, “Spatial tuning of laser emission in a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal wedge cell,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(5), 0511081–0511083 (2008). [CrossRef]

[19] P. G. De Gennes, and J. Prost, The Physics of Liquid Crystals (Clarendon, Oxford, Chap. 6 1993)

[20] M. Chambers, M. Fox, M. Grell, and J. Hill, “Lasing from a Forster transfer fluorescent dye couple dissolved in a chiral nematic liquid crystal,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 12(1112), 808–810 (2002). [CrossRef]

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Continuous spatial tuning of laser emissions with tuning resolution less than 1 nm in a wedge cell  of dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystals