Localized surface plasmon enhanced quantum efficiency of InGaN/GaN quantum wells by Ag/SiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles

doi:10.1364/OE.20.002116

Localized surface plasmon enhanced quantum efficiency of InGaN/GaN quantum wells by Ag/SiO₂ nanoparticles

Lee-Woon Jang, Dae-Woo Jeon, Trilochan Sahoo, Dong-Seob Jo, Jin-Woo Ju, Seung-jae Lee, Jong-Hyeob Baek, Jin-Kyu Yang, Jung-Hoon Song, Alexander Y. Polyakov, and In-Hwan Lee »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 3, pp. 2116-2123 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.002116

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Abstract

Optical properties of InGaN/GaN multi-quantum-well (MQW) structures with a nanolayer of Ag/SiO₂ nanoparticle (NP) on top were studied. Modeling and optical absorption (OA) measurements prove that the NPs form localized surface plasmons (LSP) structure with a broad OA band peaked near 440−460 nm and the fringe electric field extending down to about 10 nm into the GaN layer. The presence of this NP LSP electrical field increases the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of the MQW structure by about 70% and markedly decreases the time-resolved PL (TRPL) relaxation time due to the strong coupling of MQW emission to the LSP mode.

OCIS Codes
(240.6680) Optics at surfaces : Surface plasmons
(250.5230) Optoelectronics : Photoluminescence
(250.5590) Optoelectronics : Quantum-well, -wire and -dot devices

ToC Category:
Optics at Surfaces

History
Original Manuscript: November 8, 2011
Revised Manuscript: December 28, 2011
Manuscript Accepted: January 2, 2012
Published: January 17, 2012

Virtual Issues
Vol. 7, Iss. 3 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics

Citation
Lee-Woon Jang, Dae-Woo Jeon, Trilochan Sahoo, Dong-Seob Jo, Jin-Woo Ju, Seung-jae Lee, Jong-Hyeob Baek, Jin-Kyu Yang, Jung-Hoon Song, Alexander Y. Polyakov, and In-Hwan Lee, "Localized surface plasmon enhanced quantum efficiency of InGaN/GaN quantum wells by Ag/SiO₂ nanoparticles," Opt. Express 20, 2116-2123 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/vjbo/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-3-2116

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References

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P. Andrew and W. L. Barnes, “Energy transfer across a metal film mediated by surface plasmon polaritons,” Science306(5698), 1002–1005 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. Bardhan, N. K. Grady, and N. J. Halas, “Nanoscale control of near-infrared fluorescence enhancement using Au nanoshells,” Small4(10), 1716–1722 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
F. Tam, G. P. Goodrich, B. R. Johnson, and N. J. Halas, “Plasmonic enhancement of molecular fluorescence,” Nano Lett.7(2), 496–501 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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F. Gao, Q. Lu, and D. Zhao, “Controllable assembly of ordered semiconductor Ag2S nanostructures,” Nano Lett.3(1), 85–88 (2003). [CrossRef]
J. K. Yang, I. K. Hwang, M. K. Seo, S. H. Kim, and Y. H. Lee, “Plasmon-suppressed vertically-standing nanometal structures,” Opt. Express16(3), 1951–1957 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy, “Optical contrast of the noble metals,” Phys. Rev. B6(12), 4370–4379 (1972). [CrossRef]
J. A. Dionne, L. A. Sweatlock, H. A. Atwater, and A. Polman, “Planar metal plasmon waveguides: frequency-dependent dispersion, propagating, localization, and loss beyond the free electron model,” Phys. Rev. B72(7), 075405 (2005). [CrossRef]
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W. L. Barnes, “Surface plasmon-polariton length scale: a route to sub-wavelength optics,” J. Opt. A, Pure Appl. Opt.8(4), S87–S93 (2006). [CrossRef]
M. I. Stockman, “Nanoplasmonics: the physics behind the applications,” Phys. Today 201164(2), 39 (2011). [CrossRef]
D. M. Graham, P. Dawson, G. R. Chabrol, N. P. Hylton, D. Zhu, M. J. Kappers, C. McAleese, and C. J. Humphreys, “High photoluminescence quantum efficiency InGaN multiple quantum well structures emitting at 380nm,” J. Appl. Phys.101(3), 033516 (2007). [CrossRef]
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J. V. Foreman, J. Li, H. Peng, S. J. Choi, H. O. Everitt, and J. Liu, “Time-resolved investigation of bright visible wavelength luminescence from sulfur-doped ZnO nanowires and micropowders,” Nano Lett.6(6), 1126–1130 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. Y. Cho, K. S. Kim, S. J. Lee, M. K. Kwon, H. D. Ko, S. T. Kim, G. Y. Jung, and S. J. Park, “Surface Plasmon-enhanced light-emitting diodes with silver nanoparticles and SiO2 nano-disks embedded in p-GaN,” Appl. Phys. Lett.99(4), 041107 (2011). [CrossRef]

Ahn, T. S.
Akasaki, I.
Akimov, A. V.
Alivisatos, A. P.
Amano, H.
Andrew, P.
Atwater, H. A.
Bardeen, C. J.
Bardhan, R.
Barhoumi, A.
Barnes, W. L.
Byeon, C. C.
Caruso, F.
Chabrol, G. R.
Chakraborty, A.
Chang, D. E.
Chen, C. Y.
Chen, J. F.
Chichibu, S. F.
Chin, A. H.
Cho, C. Y.
Choi, S. J.
Christy, R. W.
Dawson, P.
de Leon Snapp, N.
Denbaars, S. P.
Dereux, A.
Dionne, J. A.
Dulkeith, E.
Ebbesen, T. W.
Everitt, H. O.
Falk, A. L.
Feldmann, J.
Fini, P. T.
Foreman, J. V.
Gao, F.
Gittins, D.
Goodrich, G. P.
Grady, N. K.
Graham, D. M.
Greenham, N. C.
Gu, B.
Halas, N. J.
Han, J.
Hao, F.
Haskell, B. A.
Hemmer, P. R.
Huang, C. F.
Humphreys, C. J.
Hwang, I. K.
Hylton, N. P.
Jo, M. H.
Johnson, B. R.
Johnson, P. B.
Jung, G. Y.
Kamiyama, S.
Kang, K.
Kang, X. L.
Kappers, M. J.
Kasemo, B.
Keller, S.
Kim, B. H.
Kim, J. Y.
Kim, K. S.
Kim, S. H.
Kim, S. T.
Klar, T.
Knight, M. W.
Ko, H. D.
Koch, C. T.
Koppens, F. H. L.
Koyama, T.
Kwon, M. K.
Langhammer, C.
Lassiter, J. B.
Lee, S. J.
Lee, Y. H.
Li, H.
Li, J.
Li, Z.
Lindquist, N. C.
Liu, J.
Lu, Q.
Lu, Y. C.
Lukin, M. D.
Mayya, K.
McAleese, C.
Mishra, U. K.
Mukai, T.
Mukherjee, A.
Mulvaney, P.
Nagpal, P.
Nakamura, S.
Narukawa, Y.
Nelayah, J.
Niedereichholz, T.
Niki, I.
Ning, C. Z.
Nordlander, P.
Norris, D. J.
Oh, S. H.
Okamoto, K.
Onuma, T.
Park, H.
Park, I. K.
Park, S. J.
Peng, H.
Peng, X.
Polman, A.
Scherer, A.
Schwind, M.
Seo, M. K.
Shvartser, A.
Sigle, W.
Sota, T.
Speck, J. S.
Stockman, M. I.
Sunkara, M. K.
Sweatlock, L. A.
Tam, F.
Uedono, A.
Vaddiraju, S.
van Aken, P. A.
Van Duyne, R. P.
von Plessen, G.
Wang, J. X.
Wang, W.
Willets, K. A.
Xu, H.
Xu, K.
Yamaguchi, S.
Yang, C. C.
Yang, J. K.
Yeh, D. M.
Yu, C. L.
Zhang, Y.
Zhang, Z.
Zhao, D.
Zhu, D.
Zibrov, A. S.
Zoric, I.

ACS Nano

W. Wang, Z. Li, B. Gu, Z. Zhang, and H. Xu, “Ag-SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles for probing spatial distribution of electromagnetic field enhancement via surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” ACS Nano3(11), 3493–3496 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)

M. K. Kwon, J. Y. Kim, B. H. Kim, I. K. Park, C. Y. Cho, C. C. Byeon, and S. J. Park, “Surface-plasmon-enhanced light-emitting diodes,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)20(7), 1253–1257 (2008). [CrossRef]

Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.

K. A. Willets and R. P. Van Duyne, “Localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and sensing,” Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.58(1), 267–297 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Appl. Phys. Lett.

C. Y. Cho, K. S. Kim, S. J. Lee, M. K. Kwon, H. D. Ko, S. T. Kim, G. Y. Jung, and S. J. Park, “Surface Plasmon-enhanced light-emitting diodes with silver nanoparticles and SiO2 nano-disks embedded in p-GaN,” Appl. Phys. Lett.99(4), 041107 (2011). [CrossRef]

J. Appl. Phys.

D. M. Graham, P. Dawson, G. R. Chabrol, N. P. Hylton, D. Zhu, M. J. Kappers, C. McAleese, and C. J. Humphreys, “High photoluminescence quantum efficiency InGaN multiple quantum well structures emitting at 380nm,” J. Appl. Phys.101(3), 033516 (2007). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. A, Pure Appl. Opt.

W. L. Barnes, “Surface plasmon-polariton length scale: a route to sub-wavelength optics,” J. Opt. A, Pure Appl. Opt.8(4), S87–S93 (2006). [CrossRef]

Langmuir

P. Mulvaney, “Surface plasmon spectroscopy of nanosized metal particles,” Langmuir12(3), 788–800 (1996). [CrossRef]

Mater. Lett.

K. Xu, J. X. Wang, X. L. Kang, and J. F. Chen, “Fabrication of antibacterial monodispersed Ag-SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles with high concentration,” Mater. Lett.63(1), 31–33 (2009). [CrossRef]

Nano Lett.

F. Gao, Q. Lu, and D. Zhao, “Controllable assembly of ordered semiconductor Ag2S nanostructures,” Nano Lett.3(1), 85–88 (2003). [CrossRef]
Y. Zhang, A. Barhoumi, J. B. Lassiter, and N. J. Halas, “Orientation-preserving transfer and directional light scattering from individual light-bending nanoparticles,” Nano Lett.11(4), 1838–1844 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. W. Knight, N. K. Grady, R. Bardhan, F. Hao, P. Nordlander, and N. J. Halas, “Nanoparticle-mediated coupling of light into a nanowire,” Nano Lett.7(8), 2346–2350 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
F. Tam, G. P. Goodrich, B. R. Johnson, and N. J. Halas, “Plasmonic enhancement of molecular fluorescence,” Nano Lett.7(2), 496–501 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. Langhammer, M. Schwind, B. Kasemo, and I. Zoric, “Localized surface plasmon resonances in aluminum nanodisks,” Nano Lett.8(5), 1461–1471 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. H. Chin, T. S. Ahn, H. Li, S. Vaddiraju, C. J. Bardeen, C. Z. Ning, and M. K. Sunkara, “Photoluminescence of GaN nanowires of different crystallographic orientations,” Nano Lett.7(3), 626–631 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. V. Foreman, J. Li, H. Peng, S. J. Choi, H. O. Everitt, and J. Liu, “Time-resolved investigation of bright visible wavelength luminescence from sulfur-doped ZnO nanowires and micropowders,” Nano Lett.6(6), 1126–1130 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Nanotechnology

D. M. Yeh, C. Y. Chen, Y. C. Lu, C. F. Huang, and C. C. Yang, “Formation of various metal nanostructures with thermal annealing to control the effective coupling energy between a surface plasmon and an InGaN/GaN quantum well,” Nanotechnology18(26), 265402 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Nat. Mater.

K. Okamoto, I. Niki, A. Shvartser, Y. Narukawa, T. Mukai, and A. Scherer, “Surface-plasmon-enhanced light emitters based on InGaN quantum wells,” Nat. Mater.3(9), 601–605 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. F. Chichibu, A. Uedono, T. Onuma, B. A. Haskell, A. Chakraborty, T. Koyama, P. T. Fini, S. Keller, S. P. Denbaars, J. S. Speck, U. K. Mishra, S. Nakamura, S. Yamaguchi, S. Kamiyama, H. Amano, I. Akasaki, J. Han, and T. Sota, “Origin of defect-insensitive emission probability in In-containing (Al,In,Ga)N alloy semiconductors,” Nat. Mater.5(10), 810–816 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Nat. Phys.

A. L. Falk, F. H. L. Koppens, C. L. Yu, K. Kang, N. de Leon Snapp, A. V. Akimov, M. H. Jo, M. D. Lukin, and H. Park, “Near-field electrical detection of optical plasmons and single-plasmon sources,” Nat. Phys.5(7), 475–479 (2009). [CrossRef]

Nature

A. V. Akimov, A. Mukherjee, C. L. Yu, D. E. Chang, A. S. Zibrov, P. R. Hemmer, H. Park, and M. D. Lukin, “Generation of single optical plasmons in metallic nanowires coupled to quantum dots,” Nature450(7168), 402–406 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
W. L. Barnes, A. Dereux, and T. W. Ebbesen, “Surface plasmon subwavelength optics,” Nature424(6950), 824–830 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Opt. Express

J. K. Yang, I. K. Hwang, M. K. Seo, S. H. Kim, and Y. H. Lee, “Plasmon-suppressed vertically-standing nanometal structures,” Opt. Express16(3), 1951–1957 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Opt. Lett.

W. Sigle, J. Nelayah, C. T. Koch, and P. A. van Aken, “Electron energy losses in Ag nanoholes--from localized surface plasmon resonances to rings of fire,” Opt. Lett.34(14), 2150–2152 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. B

P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy, “Optical contrast of the noble metals,” Phys. Rev. B6(12), 4370–4379 (1972). [CrossRef]
J. A. Dionne, L. A. Sweatlock, H. A. Atwater, and A. Polman, “Planar metal plasmon waveguides: frequency-dependent dispersion, propagating, localization, and loss beyond the free electron model,” Phys. Rev. B72(7), 075405 (2005). [CrossRef]
E. Dulkeith, T. Niedereichholz, T. Klar, J. Feldmann, G. von Plessen, D. Gittins, K. Mayya, and F. Caruso, “Plasmon emission in photoexcited gold nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. B70(20), 205424 (2004). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. B Condens. Matter

N. C. Greenham, X. Peng, and A. P. Alivisatos, “Charge separation and transport in conjugated-polymer/semiconductor-nanocrystal composites studied by photoluminescence quenching and photoconductivity,” Phys. Rev. B Condens. Matter54(24), 17628–17637 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Today 2011

M. I. Stockman, “Nanoplasmonics: the physics behind the applications,” Phys. Today 201164(2), 39 (2011). [CrossRef]

Science

P. Andrew and W. L. Barnes, “Energy transfer across a metal film mediated by surface plasmon polaritons,” Science306(5698), 1002–1005 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
P. Nagpal, N. C. Lindquist, S. H. Oh, and D. J. Norris, “Ultrasmooth patterned metals for plasmonics and metamaterials,” Science325(5940), 594–597 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Small

R. Bardhan, N. K. Grady, and N. J. Halas, “Nanoscale control of near-infrared fluorescence enhancement using Au nanoshells,” Small4(10), 1716–1722 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

2011, Zhang, Nano Lett.
2011, Stockman, Phys. Today 2011
2011, Cho, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2009, Falk, Nat. Phys.
2009, Sigle, Opt. Lett.
2009, Wang, ACS Nano
2009, Xu, Mater. Lett.
2009, Nagpal, Science
2008, Langhammer, Nano Lett.
2008, Bardhan, Small
2008, Kwon, Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)
2008, Yang, Opt. Express
2007, Graham, J. Appl. Phys.
2007, Chin, Nano Lett.
2007, Yeh, Nanotechnology
2007, Tam, Nano Lett.
2007, Willets, Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.
2007, Knight, Nano Lett.
2007, Akimov, Nature
2006, Chichibu, Nat. Mater.
2006, Foreman, Nano Lett.
2006, Barnes, J. Opt. A, Pure Appl. Opt.
2005, Dionne, Phys. Rev. B
2004, Okamoto, Nat. Mater.
2004, Dulkeith, Phys. Rev. B
2004, Andrew, Science
2003, Barnes, Nature
2003, Gao, Nano Lett.
1996, Mulvaney, Langmuir
1996, Greenham, Phys. Rev. B Condens. Matter
1972, Johnson, Phys. Rev. B

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[1] W. L. Barnes, A. Dereux, and T. W. Ebbesen, “Surface plasmon subwavelength optics,” Nature424(6950), 824–830 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[2] P. Andrew and W. L. Barnes, “Energy transfer across a metal film mediated by surface plasmon polaritons,” Science306(5698), 1002–1005 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[3] R. Bardhan, N. K. Grady, and N. J. Halas, “Nanoscale control of near-infrared fluorescence enhancement using Au nanoshells,” Small4(10), 1716–1722 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[4] F. Tam, G. P. Goodrich, B. R. Johnson, and N. J. Halas, “Plasmonic enhancement of molecular fluorescence,” Nano Lett.7(2), 496–501 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[5] P. Nagpal, N. C. Lindquist, S. H. Oh, and D. J. Norris, “Ultrasmooth patterned metals for plasmonics and metamaterials,” Science325(5940), 594–597 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[6] A. V. Akimov, A. Mukherjee, C. L. Yu, D. E. Chang, A. S. Zibrov, P. R. Hemmer, H. Park, and M. D. Lukin, “Generation of single optical plasmons in metallic nanowires coupled to quantum dots,” Nature450(7168), 402–406 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[7] E. Dulkeith, T. Niedereichholz, T. Klar, J. Feldmann, G. von Plessen, D. Gittins, K. Mayya, and F. Caruso, “Plasmon emission in photoexcited gold nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. B70(20), 205424 (2004). [CrossRef]

[8] C. Langhammer, M. Schwind, B. Kasemo, and I. Zoric, “Localized surface plasmon resonances in aluminum nanodisks,” Nano Lett.8(5), 1461–1471 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[9] K. A. Willets and R. P. Van Duyne, “Localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and sensing,” Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.58(1), 267–297 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[10] M. W. Knight, N. K. Grady, R. Bardhan, F. Hao, P. Nordlander, and N. J. Halas, “Nanoparticle-mediated coupling of light into a nanowire,” Nano Lett.7(8), 2346–2350 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[11] A. L. Falk, F. H. L. Koppens, C. L. Yu, K. Kang, N. de Leon Snapp, A. V. Akimov, M. H. Jo, M. D. Lukin, and H. Park, “Near-field electrical detection of optical plasmons and single-plasmon sources,” Nat. Phys.5(7), 475–479 (2009). [CrossRef]

[12] Y. Zhang, A. Barhoumi, J. B. Lassiter, and N. J. Halas, “Orientation-preserving transfer and directional light scattering from individual light-bending nanoparticles,” Nano Lett.11(4), 1838–1844 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[13] S. F. Chichibu, A. Uedono, T. Onuma, B. A. Haskell, A. Chakraborty, T. Koyama, P. T. Fini, S. Keller, S. P. Denbaars, J. S. Speck, U. K. Mishra, S. Nakamura, S. Yamaguchi, S. Kamiyama, H. Amano, I. Akasaki, J. Han, and T. Sota, “Origin of defect-insensitive emission probability in In-containing (Al,In,Ga)N alloy semiconductors,” Nat. Mater.5(10), 810–816 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[14] M. K. Kwon, J. Y. Kim, B. H. Kim, I. K. Park, C. Y. Cho, C. C. Byeon, and S. J. Park, “Surface-plasmon-enhanced light-emitting diodes,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)20(7), 1253–1257 (2008). [CrossRef]

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Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics

| EXPLORING THE INTERFACE OF LIGHT AND BIOMEDICINE

Localized surface plasmon enhanced quantum efficiency of InGaN/GaN quantum wells by Ag/SiO₂ nanoparticles